在我们记录一些日志或者用户行为时,为了之后能方便的定位到事件人,我们可能需要记录其事件IP地址。主要有是内网IP,外网IP;以及根据IP获得相应的地址。
1、概念
2、区别
2.1 本机IP地址
127.0.0.1也就是localhost,这是本地ip地址,是只能用于本机访问本机的网络时使用的。
2.2 内网IP地址
192.168.1.1 ~ 192.168.1.255,之类的内网ip地址是用于局域网内相互访问时的ip地址。
是路由器给你分配的一个IP地址,只能在局域网中使用。
2.3 外网IP地址
外网IP地址是电脑在互联网中彼此区分的一个依据,你的外网IP地址直接可以确定你的位置。
最直接的查找本机IP地址的方式就是百度:(同一路由器下的外网ip相同); 可以直接在http://ip.taobao.com/service/getIpInfo.php?ip=后面输入ip地址来获得实际地址。
返回的是一个json对象:
image.png
3、 IP地址工具类(亲测可用)
package Util;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.NetworkInterface;
import java.net.SocketException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
/**
* ip地址工具类
*/
public class AddressUtils {
/**
* 获取本机的内网ip地址
*
* @return
* @throws SocketException
*/
public String getInnetIp() throws SocketException {
String localip = null;// 本地IP,如果没有配置外网IP则返回它
String netip = null;// 外网IP
Enumeration<NetworkInterface> netInterfaces;
netInterfaces = NetworkInterface.getNetworkInterfaces();
InetAddress ip = null;
boolean finded = false;// 是否找到外网IP
while (netInterfaces.hasMoreElements() && !finded) {
NetworkInterface ni = netInterfaces.nextElement();
Enumeration<InetAddress> address = ni.getInetAddresses();
while (address.hasMoreElements()) {
ip = address.nextElement();
if (!ip.isSiteLocalAddress()
&&!ip.isLoopbackAddress()
&&ip.getHostAddress().indexOf(":") == -1){// 外网IP
netip = ip.getHostAddress();
finded = true;
break;
} else if (ip.isSiteLocalAddress()
&&!ip.isLoopbackAddress()
&&ip.getHostAddress().indexOf(":") == -1){// 内网IP
localip = ip.getHostAddress();
}
}
}
if (netip != null && !"".equals(netip)) {
return netip;
} else {
return localip;
}
}
/**
* 获取本机的外网ip地址
*
* @return
*/
public String getV4IP() {
String ip = "";
String chinaz = "http://ip.chinaz.com";
StringBuilder inputLine = new StringBuilder();
String read = "";
URL url = null;
HttpURLConnection urlConnection = null;
BufferedReader in = null;
try {
url = new URL(chinaz);
urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(urlConnection.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"));
while ((read = in.readLine()) != null) {
inputLine.append(read + "\r\n");
}
//System.out.println(inputLine.toString());
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (in != null) {
try {
in.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Pattern p = Pattern.compile("\\<dd class\\=\"fz24\">(.*?)\\<\\/dd>");
Matcher m = p.matcher(inputLine.toString());
if (m.find()) {
String ipstr = m.group(1);
ip = ipstr;
//System.out.println(ipstr);
}
return ip;
}
/**
* 解析ip地址
*
* 设置访问地址为http://ip.taobao.com/service/getIpInfo.php
* 设置请求参数为ip=[已经获得的ip地址]
* 设置解码方式为UTF-8
*
* @param content 请求的参数 格式为:ip=192.168.1.101
* @param encoding 服务器端请求编码。如GBK,UTF-8等
* @return
* @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
*/
public String getAddresses(String content, String encoding) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
//设置访问地址
//网址一:http://chaipip.com
//网址二:https://www.opengps.cn/Data/IP/LocHighAcc.aspx
String urlStr = "http://ip.taobao.com/service/getIpInfo.php";
// 从http://whois.pconline.com.cn取得IP所在的省市区信息
String returnStr = this.getResult(urlStr, content, encoding);
if (returnStr != null) {
// 处理返回的省市区信息
// System.out.println(returnStr);
String[] temp = returnStr.split(",");
if (temp.length < 3) {
return "0";// 无效IP,局域网测试
}
String country = ""; //国家
String area = ""; //地区
String region = ""; //省份
String city = ""; //市区
String county = ""; //地区
String isp = ""; //ISP公司
for (int i = 0; i < temp.length; i++) {
switch (i) {
case 2:
country = (temp[i].split(":"))[1].replaceAll("\"", "");
country = URLDecoder.decode(country, encoding);// 国家
break;
case 3:
area = (temp[i].split(":"))[1].replaceAll("\"", "");
area = URLDecoder.decode(area, encoding);// 地区
break;
case 4:
region = (temp[i].split(":"))[1].replaceAll("\"", "");
region = URLDecoder.decode(region, encoding);// 省份
break;
case 5:
city = (temp[i].split(":"))[1].replaceAll("\"", "");
city = URLDecoder.decode(city, encoding);// 市区
if ("内网IP".equals(city)) {
return "地址为:内网IP";
}
break;
case 6:
county = (temp[i].split(":"))[1].replaceAll("\"", "");
county = URLDecoder.decode(county, encoding);// 地区
break;
case 7:
isp = (temp[i].split(":"))[1].replaceAll("\"", "");
isp = URLDecoder.decode(isp, encoding); // ISP公司
break;
}
}
return new StringBuffer("地址为:" + country + ",").append(region + "省,").append(city + "市,").append(county + ",").append("ISP公司:" + isp)
.toString();
}
return null;
}
/**
* 访问目标地址并获取返回值
*
* @param urlStr 请求的地址
* @param content 请求的参数 格式为:ip=192.168.1.101
* @param encoding 服务器端请求编码。如GBK,UTF-8等
* @return
*/
private String getResult(String urlStr, String content, String encoding) {
URL url = null;
HttpURLConnection connection = null;
try {
url = new URL(urlStr);
connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();// 新建连接实例
connection.setConnectTimeout(2000);// 设置连接超时时间,单位毫秒
connection.setReadTimeout(33000);// 设置读取数据超时时间,单位毫秒
connection.setDoOutput(true);// 是否打开输出流 true|false
connection.setDoInput(true);// 是否打开输入流true|false
connection.setRequestMethod("POST");// 提交方法POST|GET
connection.setUseCaches(false);// 是否缓存true|false
connection.connect();// 打开连接端口
DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(connection.getOutputStream());// 打开输出流往对端服务器写数据
out.writeBytes(content);// 写数据,也就是提交你的表单 name=xxx&pwd=xxx
out.flush();// 刷新
out.close();// 关闭输出流
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream(), encoding));
// 往对端写完数据对端服务器返回数据
// ,以BufferedReader流来读取
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
String line = "";
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
buffer.append(line);
}
reader.close();
return buffer.toString();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (connection != null) {
connection.disconnect();// 关闭连接
}
}
return null;
}
/**
* 测试方法
* 获取本机的内网ip,外网ip和指定ip的地址
*
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
AddressUtils addressUtils = new AddressUtils();
//step1.获得内网ip和外网ip,并输出到控制台
String ip1 = "";
try {
ip1 = addressUtils.getInnetIp(); //局域网的ip地址,比如:192.168.1.101
} catch (SocketException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("内网ip:" + ip1);
String ip2 = addressUtils.getV4IP(); //用于实际判断地址的ip
System.out.println("外网ip:" + ip2);
//step2.根据外网ip地址,得到市级地理位置
String address = "";
try {
address = addressUtils.getAddresses("ip=" + ip2, "utf-8");
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 输出地址,比如:中国,山东省,济南市,联通
System.out.println("您的" + address);
System.out.println("******************************");
System.out.println("请输入想要查询的ip地址(输入exit退出):");
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
String ip = "";
while (!"exit".equals(ip = scan.next())) {
try {
address = addressUtils.getAddresses("ip=" + ip, "utf-8");
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 输出地址,比如:中国,山东省,济南市,联通
System.out.println(ip + "的" + address);
System.out.println("******************************");
System.out.println("请输入想要查询的ip地址(输入exit退出):");
}
scan.close();
System.out.println("再见");
}
}
参考文档:
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