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Android自定义View四(Canvas与ValueAnim

Android自定义View四(Canvas与ValueAnim

作者: 赫丹 | 来源:发表于2017-02-14 11:49 被阅读873次

    一、Canvas

    1、创建画笔

    创建画笔并初始化

     public BasePieChart(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
            super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
            initPaint();
    
        }
        /**
         * 初始化画笔
         */
        private void initPaint(){
            mPaint=new Paint();
            mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);//设置画笔填充
            mPaint.setAntiAlias(true);//抗锯齿
        };
    

    2、绘制坐标轴

    使用onsizeChanged方法,获取根据父布局等因素确认的View宽度

    
        private int mWidth;
        private int mHeight;
        @Override
        protected void onSizeChanged(int w, int h, int oldw, int oldh) {
            super.onSizeChanged(w, h, oldw, oldh);
            mWidth=w;
            mHeight=h;
        }
    

    把原点移动到屏幕中心

      @Override
        protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
            super.onDraw(canvas);
            canvas.translate(mWidth/2,mHeight/2);
        }
    

    绘制坐标原点

       /**
         * 初始化画笔
         */
        private void initPaint(){
            mPaint=new Paint();
            mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);//设置画笔填充
            mPaint.setAntiAlias(true);//抗锯齿
            mPaint.setColor(Color.RED);//设置画笔颜色
            mPaint.setStrokeWidth(10);//设置画笔宽度
        };
        @Override
        protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
            super.onDraw(canvas);
            canvas.translate(mWidth/2,mHeight/2);
            canvas.drawPoint(0,0,mPaint);
        }
    
    中心原点.png

    绘制坐标系的4个端点,一次绘制多个点

      @Override
        protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
            super.onDraw(canvas);
            canvas.translate(mWidth/2,mHeight/2);
            canvas.drawPoint(0,0,mPaint);
            float pWidth = mWidth / 2 * 0.8f;//X轴边缘原点到原点到距离
            float pHeight = mHeight/ 2 * 0.8f;//Y轴边缘原点到原点到距离
            canvas.drawPoints(new float[]{pWidth,0,0,pHeight,-pWidth,0,0,-pHeight},mPaint);
        }
    
    边缘原点.png

    绘制坐标轴

      @Override
        protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
            super.onDraw(canvas);
            canvas.translate(mWidth/2,mHeight/2);
            mPaint.setStrokeWidth(10);//设置原点宽度
            canvas.drawPoint(0,0,mPaint);//绘制原点
            canvas.drawPoints(new float[]{pWidth,0,0,pHeight,-pWidth,0,0,-pHeight},mPaint);//绘制边缘点
            mPaint.setStrokeWidth(1);//重新设置画笔到宽度
            canvas.drawLine(-pWidth,0,pWidth,0,mPaint);//绘制X轴
            canvas.drawLine(0,- pHeight,0, pHeight,mPaint);//绘制Y轴
        }
        @Override
        protected void onSizeChanged(int w, int h, int oldw, int oldh) {
            super.onSizeChanged(w, h, oldw, oldh);
            mWidth=w;
            mHeight=h;
            pWidth = mWidth / 2 * 0.8f;//X轴边缘原点到原点到距离
            pHeight = mHeight/ 2 * 0.8f;//Y轴边缘原点到原点到距离
        }
    
    坐标轴.png

    绘制坐标箭头,绘制多条线

     mPaint.setStrokeWidth(3);//设置箭头宽度
            canvas.drawLines(new float[]{pWidth,0,pWidth*0.95f,-pWidth*0.05f,pWidth,0,pWidth*0.95f,pWidth*0.05f},mPaint);//X轴箭头
            canvas.drawLines(new float[]{0,pHeight,-pHeight*0.05f,pHeight*0.95f,0,pHeight,pHeight*0.05f,pHeight*0.95f},mPaint);//Y轴箭头
    
    箭头.png

    如果觉得不舒服,一定要箭头向上的话,可以在绘制Y轴箭头之前翻转坐标系

    canvas.scale(1,-1);//翻转Y轴
    

    3、画布变换

    绘制矩形

           //绘制矩形
            mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
            canvas.drawRect(-mWidth/8,-mHeight/8,mWidth/8,mHeight/8,mPaint);
    
    矩形.png

    平移,同时使用new Rect方法设置矩形

     //平移画布
            canvas.translate(150,150);
            mPaint.setColor(Color.BLUE);
            canvas.drawRect(new RectF(-mWidth/8,-mHeight/8,mWidth/8,mHeight/8),mPaint);
    
    平移.png

    缩放

     //缩放
            canvas.scale(0.5f,0.5f);
            mPaint.setColor(Color.BLUE);
            canvas.drawRect(new RectF(-mWidth/8,-mHeight/8,mWidth/8,mHeight/8),mPaint)
    
    缩放.png

    旋转

     //旋转
            canvas.rotate(90);
            mPaint.setColor(Color.BLUE);
            canvas.drawRect(new RectF(-mWidth/8,-mHeight/8,mWidth/8,mHeight/8),mPaint);
    
    旋转.png

    错切

      //错切
            canvas.skew(1,0.5f);
            mPaint.setColor(Color.BLUE);
            canvas.drawRect(new RectF(-mWidth/8,-mHeight/8,mWidth/8,mHeight/8),mPaint);
    
    错切.png

    4、画布的保存和恢复

    save():用于保存canvas的状态,之后可以调用canvas的平移、旋转、缩放、错切、裁剪等操作

      float r = Math.min(mWidth, mHeight) * 0.06f / 2;
            mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
            mPaint.setColor(Color.GREEN);
            canvas.save();
            canvas.rotate(90);
            canvas.drawCircle(200,0,r,mPaint);
            canvas.restore();
            mPaint.setColor(Color.BLUE);
            canvas.drawCircle(200,0,r,mPaint);
    ````
    
    ![save.png](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i3523210/5b4b715e7f12b8fb.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
    
    保存画布,旋转90°,绘制一个圆,之后恢复画布,使用相同参数再绘制一个圆。可以看到在恢复画布前后,相同参数绘制的圆,分别显示在了坐标系的不同位置。
    
    ####二、加载动画
    绘制2个点和一个半圆弧
    ````
            mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
            mPaint.setColor(Color.GREEN);
            mPaint.setStrokeWidth(10);
            float point = Math.min(mWidth, mHeight) / 2 * 0.2f;
            float r = point*(float) Math.sqrt(2);
            RectF rectF=new RectF(-r,-r,r,r);
            canvas.drawArc(rectF,0,180,false,mPaint);
            canvas.drawPoints(new float[]{-point,-point,point,-point},mPaint);
    ````
    
    ![点半圆.png](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i3523210/73f6052df4186b92.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
    绘制连接两点到270度到圆弧
    ````
      mPaint.setStrokeWidth(10);
            float point = Math.min(mWidth, mHeight) / 2 * 0.2f;
            float r = point*(float) Math.sqrt(2);
            RectF rectF=new RectF(-r,-r,r,r);
    //        canvas.drawArc(rectF,0,180,false,mPaint);
    //        canvas.drawPoints(new float[]{-point,-point,point,-point},mPaint);
            canvas.drawArc(rectF,-180,270,false,mPaint);
    ````
    ![270圆弧.png](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i3523210/6382c29271765f8b.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
    通过ValueAnimator类将笑脸和半圆进行连贯动画看效果
    
    
    
    ![animatiorGIF.gif](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i3523210/d0bc4055c24a6245.gif?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip)
    ####ValueAnimator类简单介绍
    |API|描述|
    |-----|-----|
    |ofFloat(float'''values)|构建ValueAnimator,设置动画到浮点值,需要设置2个以上到值|
    |setDuration(long   duration)|设置动画时长,默认到持续时间为300毫秒|
    |setInterpolator(Timelnterpolator value)|设置动画到线性非线性运动,默认AccelerateDecelerateinterpolator|
    |addUpdateListener(ValueAnimator.AnimatorUpdateListener listener)|监听动画属性每一帧的变化|
    ####动画部分
    ````
     public ValueAnimator animator;
        private float animatedValue;
        private TimeInterpolator timeInterpolator =  new  DecelerateInterpolator();
    
        private void initAnimator(long duration){
            if(animator!=null&&animator.isRunning()){
                animator.cancel();
                animator.start();
            }else{
                animator=ValueAnimator.ofFloat(0,855).setDuration(duration);
                animator.setInterpolator(timeInterpolator);
                animator.addUpdateListener(new ValueAnimator.AnimatorUpdateListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onAnimationUpdate(ValueAnimator animation) {
                         animatedValue =(float) animation.getAnimatedValue();
    //                    Log.d("DXDD",animatedValue+"");
                        invalidate();
                    }
                });
            }
        }
    ````
    表情部分:在绘制前最好使用sava()方法保存当前的画布状态,在结束后使用restore()恢复之前保存的状态。角度计算慢慢顺顺就明白了
    ````
     //设置动画
        private void  setAnimator(Canvas canvas,Paint mPaint){
            mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);//描边
            mPaint.setStrokeCap(Paint.Cap.ROUND);//圆角笔触
            mPaint.setColor(Color.parseColor("#F84B25"));
            mPaint.setStrokeWidth(15);
            float point = Math.min(mWidth,mHeight)*0.06f/2;
            float r = point*(float) Math.sqrt(2);
            RectF rectF = new RectF(-r,-r,r,r);
            canvas.save();
    
            if(animatedValue>=135){
                canvas.rotate(animatedValue-135);
            }
            float startAngle=0, sweepAngle=0;
            if (animatedValue<135){
                startAngle = animatedValue +5;
                sweepAngle = 170+animatedValue/3;
            }else if (animatedValue<270){
                startAngle = 135+5;
                sweepAngle = 170+animatedValue/3;
            }else if (animatedValue<630){
                startAngle = 135+5;
                sweepAngle = 260-(animatedValue-270)/5;
            }else if (animatedValue<720){
                startAngle = 135-(animatedValue-630)/2+5;
                sweepAngle = 260-(animatedValue-270)/5;
            }else{
                startAngle = 135-(animatedValue-630)/2-(animatedValue-720)/6+5;
                sweepAngle = 170;
            }
            Log.d("DXDD","startAngle:"+startAngle+"sweepAngle:"+sweepAngle);
            canvas.drawArc(rectF,startAngle,sweepAngle,false,mPaint);
    
            canvas.drawPoints(new float[]{
                    -point,-point
                    ,point,-point
            },mPaint);
            canvas.restore();
        }
    ````
    以下贴出源码
    ####xml
    ····
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
        android:id="@+id/activity_main"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        tools:context="com.hedan.hedan_pie_char.MainActivity">
    
        <com.hedan.hedan_pie_char.BasePieChart
            android:id="@+id/basePieChart"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            />
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/button"
            android:layout_width="100dp"
            android:layout_height="50dp"
            android:text="开始"
            android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
            android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
            />
    
    </RelativeLayout>
    ····
    ####MainActivity
    ````
    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    
        private BasePieChart pieChart;
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
            pieChart = (BasePieChart) findViewById(R.id.basePieChart);
            findViewById(R.id.button).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    pieChart.animator.start();
                }
            });
        }
    }
    ````
    ####BasePieChart.java
    ````
    /**
     * Created by DengXiao on 2017/2/13.
     */
    
    public class BasePieChart extends View {
        private Paint mPaint;
        private float pWidth;
        private float pHeight;
        private int mWidth;
        private int mHeight;
    
    
    
        public BasePieChart(Context context) {
            this(context,null);
        }
    
        public BasePieChart(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
            this(context,attrs,0);
        }
    
        public BasePieChart(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
            super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
            initPaint();
        }
        /**
         * 初始化画笔
         */
        private void initPaint(){
            mPaint=new Paint();
            mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);//设置画笔填充
            mPaint.setAntiAlias(true);//抗锯齿
            mPaint.setColor(Color.RED);//设置画笔颜色
    
        };
        @Override
        protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
            super.onDraw(canvas);
            canvas.translate(mWidth/2,mHeight/2);
    
    //        canvas.scale(1,-1);
         /*   mPaint.setStrokeWidth(10);//设置原点宽度
            canvas.drawPoint(0,0,mPaint);//绘制原点
            canvas.drawPoints(new float[]{pWidth,0,0,pHeight,-pWidth,0,0,-pHeight},mPaint);//绘制边缘点*/
    
           /* mPaint.setStrokeWidth(1);//重新设置画笔到宽度
            canvas.drawLine(-pWidth,0,pWidth,0,mPaint);//绘制X轴
            canvas.drawLine(0,- pHeight,0, pHeight,mPaint);//绘制Y轴*/
    
           /* mPaint.setStrokeWidth(3);//设置箭头宽度
            canvas.drawLines(new float[]{pWidth,0,pWidth*0.95f,-pWidth*0.05f,pWidth,0,pWidth*0.95f,pWidth*0.05f},mPaint);//X轴箭头
            canvas.drawLines(new float[]{0,pHeight,-pHeight*0.05f,pHeight*0.95f,0,pHeight,pHeight*0.05f,pHeight*0.95f},mPaint);//Y轴箭头
    */
            /*//绘制矩形
            mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
            canvas.drawRect(-mWidth/8,-mHeight/8,mWidth/8,mHeight/8,mPaint);*/
            /*//平移画布
            canvas.translate(150,150);
            mPaint.setColor(Color.BLUE);
            canvas.drawRect(new RectF(-mWidth/8,-mHeight/8,mWidth/8,mHeight/8),mPaint);*/
           /* //缩放
            canvas.scale(0.5f,0.5f);
            mPaint.setColor(Color.BLUE);
            canvas.drawRect(new RectF(-mWidth/8,-mHeight/8,mWidth/8,mHeight/8),mPaint);*/
          /*  //旋转
            canvas.rotate(90);
            mPaint.setColor(Color.BLUE);
            canvas.drawRect(new RectF(-mWidth/8,-mHeight/8,mWidth/8,mHeight/8),mPaint);*/
           /* //错切
            canvas.skew(1,0.5f);
            mPaint.setColor(Color.BLUE);
            canvas.drawRect(new RectF(-mWidth/8,-mHeight/8,mWidth/8,mHeight/8),mPaint);*/
           /* float r = Math.min(mWidth, mHeight) * 0.06f / 2;
            mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
            mPaint.setColor(Color.GREEN);
            canvas.save();
            canvas.rotate(90);
            canvas.drawCircle(200,0,r,mPaint);
            canvas.restore();
            mPaint.setColor(Color.BLUE);
            canvas.drawCircle(200,0,r,mPaint);*/
            //绘制2个点和一个半圆弧
     /*       mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
            mPaint.setColor(Color.GREEN);
            mPaint.setStrokeWidth(10);
            float point = Math.min(mWidth, mHeight) / 2 * 0.2f;
            float r = point*(float) Math.sqrt(2);
            RectF rectF=new RectF(-r,-r,r,r);*/
    //        canvas.drawArc(rectF,0,180,false,mPaint);
    //        canvas.drawPoints(new float[]{-point,-point,point,-point},mPaint);
    //        canvas.drawArc(rectF,-180,270,false,mPaint);
            setAnimator(canvas,mPaint);
    
        }
        @Override
        protected void onSizeChanged(int w, int h, int oldw, int oldh) {
            super.onSizeChanged(w, h, oldw, oldh);
            mWidth=w;
            mHeight=h;
            pWidth = mWidth / 2 * 0.8f;//X轴边缘原点到原点到距离
            pHeight = mHeight/ 2 * 0.8f;//Y轴边缘原点到原点到距离
        }
    
        public ValueAnimator animator;
        private float animatedValue;
        private TimeInterpolator timeInterpolator =  new  DecelerateInterpolator();
    
        private void initAnimator(long duration){
            if(animator!=null&&animator.isRunning()){
                animator.cancel();
                animator.start();
            }else{
                animator=ValueAnimator.ofFloat(0,855).setDuration(duration);
                animator.setInterpolator(timeInterpolator);
                animator.addUpdateListener(new ValueAnimator.AnimatorUpdateListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onAnimationUpdate(ValueAnimator animation) {
                         animatedValue =(float) animation.getAnimatedValue();
    //                    Log.d("DXDD",animatedValue+"");
                        invalidate();
                    }
                });
            }
        }
        //设置动画
        private void  setAnimator(Canvas canvas,Paint mPaint){
            mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);//描边
            mPaint.setStrokeCap(Paint.Cap.ROUND);//圆角笔触
            mPaint.setColor(Color.parseColor("#F84B25"));
            mPaint.setStrokeWidth(15);
            float point = Math.min(mWidth,mHeight)*0.06f/2;
            float r = point*(float) Math.sqrt(2);
            RectF rectF = new RectF(-r,-r,r,r);
            canvas.save();
    
            if(animatedValue>=135){
                canvas.rotate(animatedValue-135);
            }
            float startAngle=0, sweepAngle=0;
            if (animatedValue<135){
                startAngle = animatedValue +5;
                sweepAngle = 170+animatedValue/3;
            }else if (animatedValue<270){
                startAngle = 135+5;
                sweepAngle = 170+animatedValue/3;
            }else if (animatedValue<630){
                startAngle = 135+5;
                sweepAngle = 260-(animatedValue-270)/5;
            }else if (animatedValue<720){
                startAngle = 135-(animatedValue-630)/2+5;
                sweepAngle = 260-(animatedValue-270)/5;
            }else{
                startAngle = 135-(animatedValue-630)/2-(animatedValue-720)/6+5;
                sweepAngle = 170;
            }
            Log.d("DXDD","startAngle:"+startAngle+"sweepAngle:"+sweepAngle);
            canvas.drawArc(rectF,startAngle,sweepAngle,false,mPaint);
    
            canvas.drawPoints(new float[]{
                    -point,-point
                    ,point,-point
            },mPaint);
            canvas.restore();
        }
    
        @Override
        public void onWindowFocusChanged(boolean hasWindowFocus) {
            super.onWindowFocusChanged(hasWindowFocus);
            initAnimator(3000);
        }
    }
    ````
    ####如有疑问欢迎交流!

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        本文标题:Android自定义View四(Canvas与ValueAnim

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