international cargo transport

ocean carriage/Marine Transportation

most common

优点: cheap mode of transport for delivering large quantities of goods over long distances

discharge capacity

freight volume

缺点: vulnerable to bad weather

less punctual if compared with road or air transport

low speed

for the carriage of cargo (海上公交车)

1. run fixed schedules

2. follow fixed routes

3. charge standard rates

4.provide international service

liner 班轮

charter ships 租船

管装管卸

conference line vessels

班轮工会的班轮

run fixed schedules, follow fixed routes and charge standard rate called the conference rates, and often provide international services for the carriage of cargo

Non-conference line vessels

do not belong to conference

they determine their own freight rate, sailing schedule, port of call

tramp ship 租船运输(taxi)

general cargo vessels杂货船: to carry various types of cargoes.

oil tankers油轮: responsible for the movement of the world's oil

container vessels 集装箱船

oil/Bulk/Ore vessels 石油，散货，矿石

ro/ro vessels 滚装船

lighter aboard ship 驳货

refrigerated ship 冷藏

timber ship 木材

charter ships 租船

voyage charter 定期租船，有船员船长

dead freight 空舱费: 船到货未到，等货钱

laytime装卸时间

demurrage charge 滞期费

dispatch money 速遣费

time charter 定期租船

bare boat charter 光船租船，无船员船长

Extra charges on heavy lifts 超重附加费

extra charges on over lengths 超长附加费

additional on optional discharging port 选港附加费

transhipment additional 转船附加费

port additional cargoes 港口附加费

direct additional 直航附加费