本文简单介绍几种界面通信的方式,给出相应的示例。
1. 属性传值
属性传值是最简单的一种传值方式,通常用于从前向后传值,即在第二个视图控制器获得第一个视图控制器的部分信息。
示例:创建两个UIViewController,在第一个页面的UITextField里输入文字,跳转到第二个页面之后,在第二个页面的UILabel上显示出来。
属性传值示例第一个页面:
FirstViewController.m文件:
#import "FirstViewController.h"
#import "SecondViewController.h"
@interface FirstViewController ()
@property (nonatomic, strong) UITextField *firstTextField;
@end
@implementation FirstViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor cyanColor];
self.navigationItem.title = @"第一页";
self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"下一页" style:UIBarButtonItemStyleDone target:self action:@selector(nextVC:)];
self.firstTextField = [[UITextField alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100, 200, 214, 40)];
_firstTextField.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
_firstTextField.placeholder = @"输入要传入下一页面的值";
[self.view addSubview:_firstTextField];
}
在触发的点击事件中 将第一个页面的输入框中输入的信息赋值给第二个页面的label,然后跳转到第二个页面:
-(void)nextVC:(UIBarButtonItem *)sender{
SecondViewController *secondVC = [[SecondViewController alloc] init];
secondVC.stringFromFirstVC = _firstTextField.text;
[self.navigationController pushViewController:secondVC animated:YES];
}
@end
第二个页面:
SecondViewController.h文件:
暴露一个属性,用于传值。
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
@interface SecondViewController : UIViewController
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *stringFromFirstVC;
@end
SecondViewController.m文件:
#import "SecondViewController.h"
@interface SecondViewController ()
@end
@implementation SecondViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
self.navigationItem.title = @"第二页";
self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor lightGrayColor];
self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"返回" style:UIBarButtonItemStyleDone target:self action:@selector(back:)];
UILabel *label = [[UILabel alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100, 200, 214, 40)];
label.text = self.stringFromFirstVC;
[self.view addSubview:label];
}
-(void)back:(UIBarButtonItem *)sender{
[self.navigationController popViewControllerAnimated:YES];
}
@end
2. 代理传值
定义一个用来传值的协议,设置代理去执行传值。
示例:创建两个UIViewController,在第二个页面的UITextField里输入文字,跳转回第一个页面之后,在第一个页面的UILabel上显示出来。
第一个页面:
FirstViewController.m文件:
#import "FirstViewController.h"
#import "SecondViewController.h"
@interface FirstViewController ()<PassValueDelegate> //遵守协议
@property (nonatomic, strong) UILabel *label;
@end
@implementation FirstViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor cyanColor];
self.navigationItem.title = @"第一页";
self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"下一页" style:UIBarButtonItemStyleDone target:self action:@selector(nextVC:)];
self.label = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100, 300, 214, 40)];
_label.backgroundColor = [UIColor yellowColor];
[self.view addSubview:_label];
}
触发的点击事件:设置代理后跳转到第二个页面:
-(void)nextVC:(UIBarButtonItem *)sender{
SecondViewController *secondVC = [[SecondViewController alloc] init];
//将第一个页面指定为第二个页面的代理!
secondVC.delegate = self;
[self.navigationController pushViewController:secondVC animated:YES];
}
实现代理方法:
-(void)passValue:(NSString *)value{
_label.text = value;
}
@end
第二个页面:
SecondViewController.h文件:
定义一个用来传值的协议,声明代理属性
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
@protocol PassValueDelegate <NSObject>
-(void)passValue:(NSString *)value;
@end
@interface SecondViewController : UIViewController
//声明代理属性,其中<PassValueDelegate>指定其遵守的协议
@property(nonatomic,assign)id<PassValueDelegate>delegate;
@end
SecondViewController.m文件:
#import "SecondViewController.h"
@interface SecondViewController ()
@property (nonatomic, strong) UITextField *textField;
@end
@implementation SecondViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
self.navigationItem.title = @"第二页";
self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor lightGrayColor];
self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"返回" style:UIBarButtonItemStyleDone target:self action:@selector(back:)];
self.textField = [[UITextField alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100, 300, 214, 40)];
_textField.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
_textField.placeholder = @"输入要传入上一页面的值";
[self.view addSubview:_textField];
}
-(void)back:(UIBarButtonItem *)sender{
//代理去执行传值!!!
[_delegate passValue:_textField.text];
//跳转回第一页
[self.navigationController popViewControllerAnimated:YES];
}
3. block传值
使用block实现回调功能的优点是比较清晰,简化代码。
注意:在block实现部分,不要直接使用self、实例变量、属性,因为会造成循环引用。
示例:创建两个UIViewController,在第二个页面的UITextField里输入文字,跳转回第一个页面之后,在第一个页面的UILabel上显示出来。
第一个页面:
FirstViewController.m文件:
#import "FirstViewController.h"
#import "SecondViewController.h"
@interface FirstViewController ()
@property(nonatomic,strong)UILabel *label;
@end
@implementation FirstViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
self.view.backgroundColor =[UIColor blueColor];
self.label = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100, 300, 214, 50)];
_label.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
[self.view addSubview:_label];
}
添加触摸事件,模态出下一个视图(用别的方式也可以)
-(void)touchesBegan:(NSSet<UITouch *> *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{
SecondViewController *secondVC = [[SecondViewController alloc] init];
//block的实现
__weak FirstViewController *temp = self;
secondVC.block = ^(NSString *string){
//通过回调将传进来的字符串赋值给_label
temp.label.text = string;
};
//跳转到第二个页面
[self presentViewController:secondVC animated:YES completion:nil];
}
@end
第二个页面:
SecondViewController.h文件:
在这里定义一个block,声明block属性。
ARC中block的语义设置使用strong即可,MRC中block的语义设置是copy(把block从栈区拷贝到堆区,使用完之后,在dealloc中释放)。
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
//定义有参无返回值的匿名函数(传递字符串)
typedef void (^PassValueBlock)(NSString *);
@interface SecondViewController : UIViewController
@property (nonatomic, strong) PassValueBlock block;
@end
SecondViewController.m文件:
#import "SecondViewController.h"
@interface SecondViewController ()
@property (nonatomic, strong) UITextField *textField;
@end
@implementation SecondViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor greenColor];
self.textField = [[UITextField alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100, 300, 214, 50)];
_textField.placeholder = @"block传值";
_textField.backgroundColor = [UIColor orangeColor];
[self.view addSubview:_textField];
}
-(void)touchesBegan:(NSSet<UITouch *> *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{
//调用block
self.block(_textField.text);
[self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];
}
@end
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