SpringCloud入门

作者: 小明明明小 | 来源:发表于2018-07-29 13:31 被阅读0次

首先在idea中新建一个工程demo，作为父工程。

image.png

创建完成后的pom配置文件如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>demo</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>

<name>demo</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

<parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.5.13.RELEASE</version>
</parent>

<properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

<dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>Edgware.SR4</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>
<modules>
  <module> server1</module>
    <module>client</module>
    <module>ribbon</module>
    <module>zuul</module>
</modules>

</project>

<modules> 声明多个模块：server，client，ribbon，zuul。
<dependencyManagement> 统一依赖的版本号。只是声明依赖，并未被继承，只有子工程中写了该依赖项，且未注明版本号，才会从父项目中继承此项。（当子工程指定版本时，使用子工程中指定的版本）。
<dependencies> 所有在 <dependencies>里的依赖都会自动注入，默认被所有的子工程继承。即使子工程中不写依赖，在父工程中<dependencies>里的依赖也都会被子工程继承。

然后创建子工程eureka server1服务注册中心，用于提供服务的注册与发现。

image.png

server1 pom配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>server1</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>

<name>server1</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<parent>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>



<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

</project>

修改server1 pom <parent>继承父工程
<parent>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>demo</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<parent>相关配置取自父工程

image.png

pom添加相应依赖，配置完成后在启动类中@EnableEurekaServer。
之后进行application.yml相关配置。

server:
port: 1111
eureka:
instance:
hostname: qlocal
prefer-ip-address: true
lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds: 20
lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 10
client:
fetch-registry: true
register-with-eureka: true
service-url:
defaultZone: http://qlocal:1110/eureka/,http://qlocal:1111/eureka/
spring:
application:
name: SERVERSEV

server.port 声明端口号为 1111

eureka.instance.hostname 设置当前实例主机名为 qlocal（在本地hosts中添加 127.0.0.1 qlocal）

eureka.instance.prefer-ip-address 不使用主机名定义注册中心地址，而使用IP地址的形式。Spring会自动为我们获取第一个非回环IP地址（除环路IP外的第一个IP地址）。

eureka.instance.lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds 定义服务失效时间为20 秒。表示eureka server至上一次收到client的心跳之后，等待下一次心跳的超时时间，在这个时间内若没收到下一次心跳，则将移除该instance。
默认为90秒
如果该值太大，则很可能将流量转发过去的时候，该instance已经不存活了。
如果该值设置太小了，则instance则很可能因为临时的网络抖动而被摘除掉。
该值至少应该大于lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds的值。

eureka.instance.lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds 定义服务续约任务（心跳）的调用间隔10秒。表示eureka client发送心跳给server端的频率。如果在leaseExpirationDurationInSeconds后，server端没有收到client的心跳，则将摘除该instance。除此之外，如果该instance实现了HealthCheckCallback，并决定让自己unavailable的话，则该instance也不会接收到流量。
默认30秒

eureka.client.fetch-registry 为true 进行服务检查

eureka.client.register-with-eureka 为true 向注册中心注册自己

eureka.client.service-url. defaultZone=http://qlocal:1110/eureka/,http://qlocal:1111/eureka/ 指定服务注册中心的位置为http://qlocal:1110/eureka/,http://qlocal:1111/eureka/ 两个地址。

spring.application.name=SERVERSEV 指定应用名称SERVERSEV

配置完成后访问 qlocal:1111

image.png

接着创建eureka client 服务提供者

image.png

pom配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>client</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>client</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<parent>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>demo</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>

然后在启动类中添加@EnableEurekaClient

启动类

@RestController
@EnableEurekaClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class ClientApplication {

public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(ClientApplication.class, args);
}
@Value("${server.port}")
String port;
@RequestMapping("/my")
public String home(@RequestParam String name){
 return "my name" +name +" 端口" +port;
}

}

application.yml配置

server:
port: 1112
eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:1110/eureka/,http://localhost:1111/eureka/
prefer-same-zone-eureka: true
instance:
lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 5
lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds: 10
spring:
application:
name: CLIENTSEV

eureka.client.prefer-same-zone-eureka 实例是否使用同一zone里的eureka服务器，默认为true，理想状态下，eureka客户端与服务端是在同一zone下

访问 qlocal:1112/my?name=1

image.png

eureka ribbon+hystrix 消费者+断路器

pom配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>ribbon</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>

<name>ribbon</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

<parent>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>




<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.retry</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-retry</artifactId>
    </dependency>

</dependencies>

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

</project>

想要自动重试必须添加retry依赖
想要自动重试必须添加retry依赖
想要自动重试必须添加retry依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.retry</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-retry</artifactId>
</dependency>

application.yml配置

eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://qlocal:1110/eureka/,http://qlocal:1111/eureka/
server:
port: 1114
spring:
application:
name: RIBBONSERV
cloud:
loadbalancer:
retry:
enabled: true
hystrix:
command:
default:
execution:
isolation:
thread:
timeoutInMilliseconds: 10000
RIBBONSERV:
ribbon:
ConnectTimeout: 250
ReadTimeout: 1000
OkToRetryOnAllOperations: true
MaxAutoRetriesNextServer: 2
MaxAutoRetries: 1

spring.cloud. loadbalancer.retry.enabled=true 开启重连机制

hystrix.command.default.execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds=10000 断路器的超时时间,断路器的超时时间需要大于ribbon的超时时间，不然不会触发重试。
RIBBONSERV: #服务名（spring.application.name=RIBBONSERV）
ribbon:
ConnectTimeout: 250 #ribbon请求连接的超时时间
ReadTimeout: 1000 #ribbon 请求处理的超时时间
OkToRetryOnAllOperations: true #对所有操作请求都进行重试
MaxAutoRetriesNextServer: 2 #对下个实例的重试次数
MaxAutoRetries: 1 #对当前实例的重试次数

启动类配置
添加@EnableEurekaClient 向服务中心进行注册
@Bean //向程序ioc注入bean restTemplate
@LoadBalanced //表明 restTemplate开启负载均衡功能

@EnableHystrix
@EnableEurekaClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class RibbonApplication {

public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(RibbonApplication.class, args);
}
@Bean
@LoadBalanced
RestTemplate restTemplate(){
    return  new RestTemplate();
}

}

新建一个Service类，通过访问之前Clientsev的/my接口进行测试。这里使用了程序名替代了具体的url地址，ribbon中它会根据服务名来选择具体的服务实例，根据服务实例在请求的时候会用具体的url替换掉服务名

service

@Service
public class HelloService {
@Autowired
RestTemplate restTemplate;
@HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "error")
public String helservice(String name){
return restTemplate.getForObject("http://CLIENTSEV/my?name="+name,String.class);
}
public String error(String name){
return "my name" + name +" 断路" ;

}

新建controller 类调用service方法

@RestController
public class HelloController {
@Autowired
HelloService helloService;
@RequestMapping(value = "/my")
public String con(@RequestParam String name){
return helloService.helservice(name);
}

}

启动一次开启 server 1110 1111 client 1112 1113 ribbon 1114（qlocal:1114/my?name=1）

image.png

zuul 网关

pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>zuul</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>

<name>zuul</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

<parent>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>



<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.retry</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-retry</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.retry</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-retry</artifactId>
    </dependency>


</dependencies>


<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

</project>

application.yml

eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://qlocal:1110/eureka/,http://qlocal:1111/eureka/
server:
port: 1115
spring:
application:
name: ZUULSERV
cloud:
loadbalancer:
retry:
enabled: true
zuul:
routes:
ribbon:
path: /ribbon/**
serviceId: RIBBONSERV
hystrix:
command:
default:
execution:
isolation:
thread:
timeoutInMilliseconds: 10000
ZUULSERV:
ribbon:
ConnectTimeout: 250
ReadTimeout: 1000
OkToRetryOnAllOperations: true
MaxAutoRetriesNextServer: 2
MaxAutoRetries: 1

启动类

@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableZuulProxy
@SpringBootApplication
public class ZuulApplication {

public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(ZuulApplication.class, args);
}

}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------访问地址 qlocal:1115/ribbon/my?name=1

源码地址：链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1rdNfniIgEV_9yQjHFCeibw 密码：v2bd

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SpringCloud入门

创建完成后的pom配置文件如下

</project>

server1 pom配置

</project>

pom配置

启动类

}

application.yml配置

pom配置

</project>

application.yml配置

}

pom

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