ethereum 协议
1、以太坊启动
（1）控制台程序geth
通过app.Run()启动程序，run之前需要init。
func init() {
// Initialize the CLI app and start Geth
app.Action = geth
app.HideVersion = true // we have a command to print the version
app.Copyright = "Copyright 2013-2019 The go-ethereum Authors"
app.Commands = []cli.Command{
// See chaincmd.go:
initCommand,
importCommand,
exportCommand,
importPreimagesCommand,
exportPreimagesCommand,
copydbCommand,
removedbCommand,
dumpCommand,
// See accountcmd.go:
accountCommand,
walletCommand,
// See consolecmd.go:
consoleCommand,
attachCommand,
javascriptCommand,
// See misccmd.go:
makecacheCommand,
makedagCommand,
versionCommand,
licenseCommand,
// See config.go
dumpConfigCommand,
}
sort.Sort(cli.CommandsByName(app.Commands))
app.Flags = append(app.Flags, nodeFlags...)
app.Flags = append(app.Flags, rpcFlags...)
app.Flags = append(app.Flags, consoleFlags...)
app.Flags = append(app.Flags, debug.Flags...)
app.Flags = append(app.Flags, whisperFlags...)
app.Flags = append(app.Flags, metricsFlags...)
app.Before = func(ctx *cli.Context) error {
logdir := ""
if ctx.GlobalBool(utils.DashboardEnabledFlag.Name) {
logdir = (&node.Config{DataDir: utils.MakeDataDir(ctx)}).ResolvePath("logs")
}
if err := debug.Setup(ctx, logdir); err != nil {
return err
}
// Cap the cache allowance and tune the garbage collector
var mem gosigar.Mem
if err := mem.Get(); err == nil {
allowance := int(mem.Total / 1024 / 1024 / 3)
if cache := ctx.GlobalInt(utils.CacheFlag.Name); cache > allowance {
log.Warn("Sanitizing cache to Go's GC limits", "provided", cache, "updated", allowance)
ctx.GlobalSet(utils.CacheFlag.Name, strconv.Itoa(allowance))
}
}
// Ensure Go's GC ignores the database cache for trigger percentage
cache := ctx.GlobalInt(utils.CacheFlag.Name)
gogc := math.Max(20, math.Min(100, 100/(float64(cache)/1024)))
log.Debug("Sanitizing Go's GC trigger", "percent", int(gogc))
godebug.SetGCPercent(int(gogc))
// Start metrics export if enabled
utils.SetupMetrics(ctx)
// Start system runtime metrics collection
go metrics.CollectProcessMetrics(3 * time.Second)
return nil
}
app.After = func(ctx *cli.Context) error {
debug.Exit()
console.Stdin.Close() // Resets terminal mode.
return nil
}
}
app.Action=geth 指定了app的默认Action为geth函数
func geth(ctx *cli.Context) error {
if args := ctx.Args(); len(args) > 0 {
return fmt.Errorf("invalid command: %q", args[0])
}
node := makeFullNode(ctx)
defer node.Close()
startNode(ctx, node)
node.Wait()
return nil
}
geth函数通过makefullNode()和startNode()函数c创建一个node节点以及开启Node的网络服务。
app.Command指定了geth cli的子命令,通过匹配命令行参数调用不同的函数。
回到上面所说的app.Run()，在geth/main.go中，main函数调用app.Run()运行geth
func main() {
if err := app.Run(os.Args); err != nil {
fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, err)
os.Exit(1)
}
}
Ctrl+leftclick跟一步，来到cli.v1/app.go。
func (a *App) Run(arguments []string) (err error) {
a.Setup()
// handle the completion flag separately from the flagset since
// completion could be attempted after a flag, but before its value was put
// on the command line. this causes the flagset to interpret the completion
// flag name as the value of the flag before it which is undesirable
// note that we can only do this because the shell autocomplete function
// always appends the completion flag at the end of the command
shellComplete, arguments := checkShellCompleteFlag(a, arguments)
// parse flags
set, err := flagSet(a.Name, a.Flags)
if err != nil {
return err
}
set.SetOutput(ioutil.Discard)
err = set.Parse(arguments[1:])
nerr := normalizeFlags(a.Flags, set)
context := NewContext(a, set, nil)
if nerr != nil {
fmt.Fprintln(a.Writer, nerr)
ShowAppHelp(context)
return nerr
}
context.shellComplete = shellComplete
if checkCompletions(context) {
return nil
}
if err != nil {
if a.OnUsageError != nil {
err := a.OnUsageError(context, err, false)
HandleExitCoder(err)
return err
}
fmt.Fprintf(a.Writer, "%s %s\n\n", "Incorrect Usage.", err.Error())
ShowAppHelp(context)
return err
}
if !a.HideHelp && checkHelp(context) {
ShowAppHelp(context)
return nil
}
if !a.HideVersion && checkVersion(context) {
ShowVersion(context)
return nil
}
if a.After != nil {
defer func() {
if afterErr := a.After(context); afterErr != nil {
if err != nil {
err = NewMultiError(err, afterErr)
} else {
err = afterErr
}
}
}()
}
if a.Before != nil {
beforeErr := a.Before(context)
if beforeErr != nil {
ShowAppHelp(context)
HandleExitCoder(beforeErr)
err = beforeErr
return err
}
}
args := context.Args()
if args.Present() {
name := args.First()
c := a.Command(name)
if c != nil {
return c.Run(context)
}
}
if a.Action == nil {
a.Action = helpCommand.Action
}
// Run default Action
err = HandleAction(a.Action, context)
HandleExitCoder(err)
return err
}
首先调用a.Setup(),setup是为RunAPP所需要的数据做预处理确保数据都准备完毕，包括Author,Email，Commandsd等。这里就不贴出来了。
然后Run中还对Shell命令进行了处理,因为有可能在flag到之前就将命令放入Context进行处理？（没太看懂），然后还是一堆处理包括是否隐藏help，处理完命令前后的返回的函数等等，然后从Context中获取args
args := context.Args()
if args.Present() {
name := args.First()
c := a.Command(name)
if c != nil {
return c.Run(context)
}
}
如果！=nil，就在Command.Run
// Run invokes the command given the context, parses ctx.Args() to generate command-specific flags
func (c Command) Run(ctx *Context) (err error) {
if len(c.Subcommands) > 0 {
return c.startApp(ctx)
}
if !c.HideHelp && (HelpFlag != BoolFlag{}) {
// append help to flags
c.Flags = append(
c.Flags,
HelpFlag,
)
}
set, err := flagSet(c.Name, c.Flags)
if err != nil {
return err
}
set.SetOutput(ioutil.Discard)
if c.SkipFlagParsing {
err = set.Parse(append([]string{"--"}, ctx.Args().Tail()...))
} else if !c.SkipArgReorder {
firstFlagIndex := -1
terminatorIndex := -1
for index, arg := range ctx.Args() {
if arg == "--" {
terminatorIndex = index
break
} else if arg == "-" {
// Do nothing. A dash alone is not really a flag.
continue
} else if strings.HasPrefix(arg, "-") && firstFlagIndex == -1 {
firstFlagIndex = index
}
}
if firstFlagIndex > -1 {
args := ctx.Args()
regularArgs := make([]string, len(args[1:firstFlagIndex]))
copy(regularArgs, args[1:firstFlagIndex])
var flagArgs []string
if terminatorIndex > -1 {
flagArgs = args[firstFlagIndex:terminatorIndex]
regularArgs = append(regularArgs, args[terminatorIndex:]...)
} else {
flagArgs = args[firstFlagIndex:]
}
err = set.Parse(append(flagArgs, regularArgs...))
} else {
err = set.Parse(ctx.Args().Tail())
}
} else {
err = set.Parse(ctx.Args().Tail())
}
nerr := normalizeFlags(c.Flags, set)
if nerr != nil {
fmt.Fprintln(ctx.App.Writer, nerr)
fmt.Fprintln(ctx.App.Writer)
ShowCommandHelp(ctx, c.Name)
return nerr
}
context := NewContext(ctx.App, set, ctx)
context.Command = c
if checkCommandCompletions(context, c.Name) {
return nil
}
if err != nil {
if c.OnUsageError != nil {
err := c.OnUsageError(context, err, false)
HandleExitCoder(err)
return err
}
fmt.Fprintln(context.App.Writer, "Incorrect Usage:", err.Error())
fmt.Fprintln(context.App.Writer)
ShowCommandHelp(context, c.Name)
return err
}
if checkCommandHelp(context, c.Name) {
return nil
}
if c.After != nil {
defer func() {
afterErr := c.After(context)
if afterErr != nil {
HandleExitCoder(err)
if err != nil {
err = NewMultiError(err, afterErr)
} else {
err = afterErr
}
}
}()
}
if c.Before != nil {
err = c.Before(context)
if err != nil {
ShowCommandHelp(context, c.Name)
HandleExitCoder(err)
return err
}
}
if c.Action == nil {
c.Action = helpSubcommand.Action
}
err = HandleAction(c.Action, context)
if err != nil {
HandleExitCoder(err)
}
return err
}
如果Context的子命令为空，就newApp，否则对传入的args进行解析，放入全局Context中，调用HandleAction处理命令。
func HandleAction(action interface{}, context *Context) (err error) {
if a, ok := action.(ActionFunc); ok {
return a(context)
} else if a, ok := action.(func(*Context) error); ok {
return a(context)
} else if a, ok := action.(func(*Context)); ok { // deprecated function signature
a(context)
return nil
} else {
return errInvalidActionType
}
}
如果是ActionFunc就调用第一个if，初始化时候传入的Context不是ActionFunc所以启动第二个if，第三个if舍弃返回值。
至此，CLI run起来了。Eth开始创建节点。
(2)看MakeFullNode()。
func makeFullNode(ctx *cli.Context) *node.Node {
stack, cfg := makeConfigNode(ctx)
if ctx.GlobalIsSet(utils.ConstantinopleOverrideFlag.Name) {
cfg.Eth.ConstantinopleOverride = new(big.Int).SetUint64(ctx.GlobalUint64(utils.ConstantinopleOverrideFlag.Name))
}
utils.RegisterEthService(stack, &cfg.Eth)
if ctx.GlobalBool(utils.DashboardEnabledFlag.Name) {
utils.RegisterDashboardService(stack, &cfg.Dashboard, gitCommit)
}
// Whisper must be explicitly enabled by specifying at least 1 whisper flag or in dev mode
shhEnabled := enableWhisper(ctx)
shhAutoEnabled := !ctx.GlobalIsSet(utils.WhisperEnabledFlag.Name) && ctx.GlobalIsSet(utils.DeveloperFlag.Name)
if shhEnabled || shhAutoEnabled {
if ctx.GlobalIsSet(utils.WhisperMaxMessageSizeFlag.Name) {
cfg.Shh.MaxMessageSize = uint32(ctx.Int(utils.WhisperMaxMessageSizeFlag.Name))
}
if ctx.GlobalIsSet(utils.WhisperMinPOWFlag.Name) {
cfg.Shh.MinimumAcceptedPOW = ctx.Float64(utils.WhisperMinPOWFlag.Name)
}
if ctx.GlobalIsSet(utils.WhisperRestrictConnectionBetweenLightClientsFlag.Name) {
cfg.Shh.RestrictConnectionBetweenLightClients = true
}
utils.RegisterShhService(stack, &cfg.Shh)
}
// Configure GraphQL if required
if ctx.GlobalIsSet(utils.GraphQLEnabledFlag.Name) {
if err := graphql.RegisterGraphQLService(stack, cfg.Node.GraphQLEndpoint(), cfg.Node.GraphQLCors, cfg.Node.GraphQLVirtualHosts, cfg.Node.HTTPTimeouts); err != nil {
utils.Fatalf("Failed to register the Ethereum service: %v", err)
}
}
// Add the Ethereum Stats daemon if requested.
if cfg.Ethstats.URL != "" {
utils.RegisterEthStatsService(stack, cfg.Ethstats.URL)
}
return stack
}
这个函数会创建Node，然后register Eth Service，然后还有shh服务。先看第一个makeConfigNode()，
func makeConfigNode(ctx *cli.Context) (*node.Node, gethConfig) {
// Load defaults.
cfg := gethConfig{
Eth: eth.DefaultConfig,
Shh: whisper.DefaultConfig,
Node: defaultNodeConfig(),
Dashboard: dashboard.DefaultConfig,
}
// Load config file.
if file := ctx.GlobalString(configFileFlag.Name); file != "" {
if err := loadConfig(file, &cfg); err != nil {
utils.Fatalf("%v", err)
}
}
// Apply flags.
utils.SetULC(ctx, &cfg.Eth)
utils.SetNodeConfig(ctx, &cfg.Node)
stack, err := node.New(&cfg.Node)
if err != nil {
utils.Fatalf("Failed to create the protocol stack: %v", err)
}
utils.SetEthConfig(ctx, stack, &cfg.Eth)
if ctx.GlobalIsSet(utils.EthStatsURLFlag.Name) {
cfg.Ethstats.URL = ctx.GlobalString(utils.EthStatsURLFlag.Name)
}
utils.SetShhConfig(ctx, stack, &cfg.Shh)
utils.SetDashboardConfig(ctx, &cfg.Dashboard)
return stack, cfg
}
首先初始化gethConfig，然后用node.New()创建Node。
// New creates a new P2P node, ready for protocol registration.
func New(conf *Config) (*Node, error) {
// Copy config and resolve the datadir so future changes to the current
// working directory don't affect the node.
confCopy := *conf
conf = &confCopy
if conf.DataDir != "" {
absdatadir, err := filepath.Abs(conf.DataDir)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
conf.DataDir = absdatadir
}
// Ensure that the instance name doesn't cause weird conflicts with
// other files in the data directory.
if strings.ContainsAny(conf.Name, `/\`) {
return nil, errors.New(`Config.Name must not contain '/' or '\'`)
}
if conf.Name == datadirDefaultKeyStore {
return nil, errors.New(`Config.Name cannot be "` + datadirDefaultKeyStore + `"`)
}
if strings.HasSuffix(conf.Name, ".ipc") {
return nil, errors.New(`Config.Name cannot end in ".ipc"`)
}
// Ensure that the AccountManager method works before the node has started.
// We rely on this in cmd/geth.
am, ephemeralKeystore, err := makeAccountManager(conf)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
if conf.Logger == nil {
conf.Logger = log.New()
}
// Note: any interaction with Config that would create/touch files
// in the data directory or instance directory is delayed until Start.
return &Node{
accman: am,
ephemeralKeystore: ephemeralKeystore,
config: conf,
serviceFuncs: []ServiceConstructor{},
ipcEndpoint: conf.IPCEndpoint(),
httpEndpoint: conf.HTTPEndpoint(),
wsEndpoint: conf.WSEndpoint(),
eventmux: new(event.TypeMux),
log: conf.Logger,
}, nil
}
主要是配置数据文件保存路径,验证config文件是否合法。然后调用makeAccountManger，返回Node对象。点makeAccountManger看看。
func makeAccountManager(conf *Config) (*accounts.Manager, string, error) {
scryptN, scryptP, keydir, err := conf.AccountConfig()
var ephemeral string
if keydir == "" {
// There is no datadir.
keydir, err = ioutil.TempDir("", "go-ethereum-keystore")
ephemeral = keydir
}
if err != nil {
return nil, "", err
}
if err := os.MkdirAll(keydir, 0700); err != nil {
return nil, "", err
}
// Assemble the account manager and supported backends
var backends []accounts.Backend
if len(conf.ExternalSigner) > 0 {
log.Info("Using external signer", "url", conf.ExternalSigner)
if extapi, err := external.NewExternalBackend(conf.ExternalSigner); err == nil {
backends = append(backends, extapi)
} else {
return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("error connecting to external signer: %v", err)
}
}
if len(backends) == 0 {
// For now, we're using EITHER external signer OR local signers.
// If/when we implement some form of lockfile for USB and keystore wallets,
// we can have both, but it's very confusing for the user to see the same
// accounts in both externally and locally, plus very racey.
backends = append(backends, keystore.NewKeyStore(keydir, scryptN, scryptP))
if !conf.NoUSB {
// Start a USB hub for Ledger hardware wallets
if ledgerhub, err := usbwallet.NewLedgerHub(); err != nil {
log.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("Failed to start Ledger hub, disabling: %v", err))
} else {
backends = append(backends, ledgerhub)
}
// Start a USB hub for Trezor hardware wallets
if trezorhub, err := usbwallet.NewTrezorHub(); err != nil {
log.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("Failed to start Trezor hub, disabling: %v", err))
} else {
backends = append(backends, trezorhub)
}
}
// Start a smart card hub
if schub, err := scwallet.NewHub(scwallet.Scheme, keydir); err != nil {
log.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("Failed to start smart card hub, disabling: %v", err))
} else {
backends = append(backends, schub)
}
}
return accounts.NewManager(&accounts.Config{InsecureUnlockAllowed: conf.InsecureUnlockAllowed}, backends...), ephemeral, nil
}
上面这个函数主要是对keystore的存储路径进行了配置，然后调用NewKeyStore()。
func NewKeyStore(keydir string, scryptN, scryptP int) *KeyStore {
keydir, _ = filepath.Abs(keydir)
ks := &KeyStore{storage: &keyStorePassphrase{keydir, scryptN, scryptP, false}}
ks.init(keydir)
return ks
}
调用了ks.init，点进去看看。
func (ks *KeyStore) init(keydir string) {
// Lock the mutex since the account cache might call back with events
ks.mu.Lock()
defer ks.mu.Unlock()
// Initialize the set of unlocked keys and the account cache
ks.unlocked = make(map[common.Address]*unlocked)
ks.cache, ks.changes = newAccountCache(keydir)
// TODO: In order for this finalizer to work, there must be no references
// to ks. addressCache doesn't keep a reference but unlocked keys do,
// so the finalizer will not trigger until all timed unlocks have expired.
runtime.SetFinalizer(ks, func(m *KeyStore) {
m.cache.close()
})
// Create the initial list of wallets from the cache
accs := ks.cache.accounts()
ks.wallets = make([]accounts.Wallet, len(accs))
for i := 0; i < len(accs); i++ {
ks.wallets[i] = &keystoreWallet{account: accs[i], keystore: ks}
}
}
多线程lock，调用ks.cache.accounts()读取账户，然后创建wallets，账户存储在keystore中。
看ks.cache.accounts()。
func (ac *accountCache) accounts() []accounts.Account {
ac.maybeReload()
ac.mu.Lock()
defer ac.mu.Unlock()
cpy := make([]accounts.Account, len(ac.all))
copy(cpy, ac.all)
return cpy
}
调用ac.maybeReload()加载，防止修改copy一份。
看maybeReload()是怎么加载的。
func (ac *accountCache) maybeReload() {
ac.mu.Lock()
if ac.watcher.running {
ac.mu.Unlock()
return // A watcher is running and will keep the cache up-to-date.
}
if ac.throttle == nil {
ac.throttle = time.NewTimer(0)
} else {
select {
case <-ac.throttle.C:
default:
ac.mu.Unlock()
return // The cache was reloaded recently.
}
}
// No watcher running, start it.
ac.watcher.start()
ac.throttle.Reset(minReloadInterval)
ac.mu.Unlock()
ac.scanAccounts()
}
用goroutine启动一个watcher监听变化，然后调用scanAccounts().
// scanAccounts checks if any changes have occurred on the filesystem, and
// updates the account cache accordingly
func (ac *accountCache) scanAccounts() error {
// Scan the entire folder metadata for file changes
creates, deletes, updates, err := ac.fileC.scan(ac.keydir)
if err != nil {
log.Debug("Failed to reload keystore contents", "err", err)
return err
}
if creates.Cardinality() == 0 && deletes.Cardinality() == 0 && updates.Cardinality() == 0 {
return nil
}
// Create a helper method to scan the contents of the key files
var (
buf = new(bufio.Reader)
key struct {
Address string `json:"address"`
}
)
readAccount := func(path string) *accounts.Account {
fd, err := os.Open(path)
if err != nil {
log.Trace("Failed to open keystore file", "path", path, "err", err)
return nil
}
defer fd.Close()
buf.Reset(fd)
// Parse the address.
key.Address = ""
err = json.NewDecoder(buf).Decode(&key)
addr := common.HexToAddress(key.Address)
switch {
case err != nil:
log.Debug("Failed to decode keystore key", "path", path, "err", err)
case (addr == common.Address{}):
log.Debug("Failed to decode keystore key", "path", path, "err", "missing or zero address")
default:
return &accounts.Account{
Address: addr,
URL: accounts.URL{Scheme: KeyStoreScheme, Path: path},
}
}
return nil
}
// Process all the file diffs
start := time.Now()
for _, p := range creates.ToSlice() {
if a := readAccount(p.(string)); a != nil {
ac.add(*a)
}
}
for _, p := range deletes.ToSlice() {
ac.deleteByFile(p.(string))
}
for _, p := range updates.ToSlice() {
path := p.(string)
ac.deleteByFile(path)
if a := readAccount(path); a != nil {
ac.add(*a)
}
}
end := time.Now()
select {
case ac.notify <- struct{}{}:
default:
}
log.Trace("Handled keystore changes", "time", end.Sub(start))
return nil
}
直接从文件中加载账户信息。该方法首先获取该目录下的文件，然后读取文件内容，JSON解析其address字段。
Node创建完毕。
(3)看startNode()。
回到geth/main.go 。
// startNode boots up the system node and all registered protocols, after which
// it unlocks any requested accounts, and starts the RPC/IPC interfaces and the
// miner.
func startNode(ctx *cli.Context, stack *node.Node) {
debug.Memsize.Add("node", stack)
// Start up the node itself
utils.StartNode(stack)
// Unlock any account specifically requested
unlockAccounts(ctx, stack)
// Register wallet event handlers to open and auto-derive wallets
events := make(chan accounts.WalletEvent, 16)
stack.AccountManager().Subscribe(events)
go func() {
// Create a chain state reader for self-derivation
rpcClient, err := stack.Attach()
if err != nil {
utils.Fatalf("Failed to attach to self: %v", err)
}
stateReader := ethclient.NewClient(rpcClient)
// Open any wallets already attached
for _, wallet := range stack.AccountManager().Wallets() {
if err := wallet.Open(""); err != nil {
log.Warn("Failed to open wallet", "url", wallet.URL(), "err", err)
}
}
// Listen for wallet event till termination
for event := range events {
switch event.Kind {
case accounts.WalletArrived:
if err := event.Wallet.Open(""); err != nil {
log.Warn("New wallet appeared, failed to open", "url", event.Wallet.URL(), "err", err)
}
case accounts.WalletOpened:
status, _ := event.Wallet.Status()
log.Info("New wallet appeared", "url", event.Wallet.URL(), "status", status)
derivationPath := accounts.DefaultBaseDerivationPath
if event.Wallet.URL().Scheme == "ledger" {
derivationPath = accounts.DefaultLedgerBaseDerivationPath
}
event.Wallet.SelfDerive(derivationPath, stateReader)
case accounts.WalletDropped:
log.Info("Old wallet dropped", "url", event.Wallet.URL())
event.Wallet.Close()
}
}
}()
// Spawn a standalone goroutine for status synchronization monitoring,
// close the node when synchronization is complete if user required.
if ctx.GlobalBool(utils.ExitWhenSyncedFlag.Name) {
go func() {
sub := stack.EventMux().Subscribe(downloader.DoneEvent{})
defer sub.Unsubscribe()
for {
event := <-sub.Chan()
if event == nil {
continue
}
done, ok := event.Data.(downloader.DoneEvent)
if !ok {
continue
}
if timestamp := time.Unix(int64(done.Latest.Time), 0); time.Since(timestamp) < 10*time.Minute {
log.Info("Synchronisation completed", "latestnum", done.Latest.Number, "latesthash", done.Latest.Hash(),
"age", common.PrettyAge(timestamp))
stack.Stop()
}
}
}()
}
// Start auxiliary services if enabled
if ctx.GlobalBool(utils.MiningEnabledFlag.Name) || ctx.GlobalBool(utils.DeveloperFlag.Name) {
// Mining only makes sense if a full Ethereum node is running
if ctx.GlobalString(utils.SyncModeFlag.Name) == "light" {
utils.Fatalf("Light clients do not support mining")
}
var ethereum *eth.Ethereum
if err := stack.Service(ðereum); err != nil {
utils.Fatalf("Ethereum service not running: %v", err)
}
// Set the gas price to the limits from the CLI and start mining
gasprice := utils.GlobalBig(ctx, utils.MinerLegacyGasPriceFlag.Name)
if ctx.IsSet(utils.MinerGasPriceFlag.Name) {
gasprice = utils.GlobalBig(ctx, utils.MinerGasPriceFlag.Name)
}
ethereum.TxPool().SetGasPrice(gasprice)
threads := ctx.GlobalInt(utils.MinerLegacyThreadsFlag.Name)
if ctx.GlobalIsSet(utils.MinerThreadsFlag.Name) {
threads = ctx.GlobalInt(utils.MinerThreadsFlag.Name)
}
if err := ethereum.StartMining(threads); err != nil {
utils.Fatalf("Failed to start mining: %v", err)
}
}
}
函数首先调用了utils.StartNode(stack)，追踪一下。
func StartNode(stack *node.Node) {
if err := stack.Start(); err != nil {
Fatalf("Error starting protocol stack: %v", err)
}
go func() {
sigc := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
signal.Notify(sigc, syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM)
defer signal.Stop(sigc)
<-sigc
log.Info("Got interrupt, shutting down...")
go stack.Stop()
for i := 10; i > 0; i-- {
<-sigc
if i > 1 {
log.Warn("Already shutting down, interrupt more to panic.", "times", i-1)
}
}
debug.Exit() // ensure trace and CPU profile data is flushed.
debug.LoudPanic("boom")
}()
}
调用stack.Start()，再追踪。
// Start create a live P2P node and starts running it.
func (n *Node) Start() error {
n.lock.Lock()
defer n.lock.Unlock()
// Short circuit if the node's already running
if n.server != nil {
return ErrNodeRunning
}
if err := n.openDataDir(); err != nil {
return err
}
// Initialize the p2p server. This creates the node key and
// discovery databases.
n.serverConfig = n.config.P2P
n.serverConfig.PrivateKey = n.config.NodeKey()
n.serverConfig.Name = n.config.NodeName()
n.serverConfig.Logger = n.log
if n.serverConfig.StaticNodes == nil {
n.serverConfig.StaticNodes = n.config.StaticNodes()
}
if n.serverConfig.TrustedNodes == nil {
n.serverConfig.TrustedNodes = n.config.TrustedNodes()
}
if n.serverConfig.NodeDatabase == "" {
n.serverConfig.NodeDatabase = n.config.NodeDB()
}
running := &p2p.Server{Config: n.serverConfig}
n.log.Info("Starting peer-to-peer node", "instance", n.serverConfig.Name)
// Otherwise copy and specialize the P2P configuration
services := make(map[reflect.Type]Service)
for _, constructor := range n.serviceFuncs {
// Create a new context for the particular service
ctx := &ServiceContext{
config: n.config,
services: make(map[reflect.Type]Service),
EventMux: n.eventmux,
AccountManager: n.accman,
}
for kind, s := range services { // copy needed for threaded access
ctx.services[kind] = s
}
// Construct and save the service
service, err := constructor(ctx)
if err != nil {
return err
}
kind := reflect.TypeOf(service)
if _, exists := services[kind]; exists {
return &DuplicateServiceError{Kind: kind}
}
services[kind] = service
}
// Gather the protocols and start the freshly assembled P2P server
for _, service := range services {
running.Protocols = append(running.Protocols, service.Protocols()...)
}
if err := running.Start(); err != nil {
return convertFileLockError(err)
}
// Start each of the services
var started []reflect.Type
for kind, service := range services {
// Start the next service, stopping all previous upon failure
if err := service.Start(running); err != nil {
for _, kind := range started {
services[kind].Stop()
}
running.Stop()
return err
}
// Mark the service started for potential cleanup
started = append(started, kind)
}
// Lastly start the configured RPC interfaces
if err := n.startRPC(services); err != nil {
for _, service := range services {
service.Stop()
}
running.Stop()
return err
}
// Finish initializing the startup
n.services = services
n.server = running
n.stop = make(chan struct{})
return nil
}
该方法首先打开dataDir目录，然后初始化serverConfig，包括node key，发现节点的存储database等，创建一个p2p.server类变量叫running，为service开启空间，创建需要的service，然后将所有Service的protocol收集到running中运行，调用running.Start()。然后，调用n.startRPC(services)开启RPC。
先看running.Start()。
// Start starts running the server.
// Servers can not be re-used after stopping.
func (srv *Server) Start() (err error) {
srv.lock.Lock()
defer srv.lock.Unlock()
if srv.running {
return errors.New("server already running")
}
srv.running = true
srv.log = srv.Config.Logger
if srv.log == nil {
srv.log = log.New()
}
if srv.NoDial && srv.ListenAddr == "" {
srv.log.Warn("P2P server will be useless, neither dialing nor listening")
}
// static fields
if srv.PrivateKey == nil {
return errors.New("Server.PrivateKey must be set to a non-nil key")
}
if srv.newTransport == nil {
srv.newTransport = newRLPX
}
if srv.Dialer == nil {
srv.Dialer = TCPDialer{&net.Dialer{Timeout: defaultDialTimeout}}
}
srv.quit = make(chan struct{})
srv.addpeer = make(chan *conn)
srv.delpeer = make(chan peerDrop)
srv.posthandshake = make(chan *conn)
srv.addstatic = make(chan *enode.Node)
srv.removestatic = make(chan *enode.Node)
srv.addtrusted = make(chan *enode.Node)
srv.removetrusted = make(chan *enode.Node)
srv.peerOp = make(chan peerOpFunc)
srv.peerOpDone = make(chan struct{})
if err := srv.setupLocalNode(); err != nil {
return err
}
if srv.ListenAddr != "" {
if err := srv.setupListening(); err != nil {
return err
}
}
if err := srv.setupDiscovery(); err != nil {
return err
}
dynPeers := srv.maxDialedConns()
dialer := newDialState(srv.localnode.ID(), srv.StaticNodes, srv.BootstrapNodes, srv.ntab, dynPeers, srv.NetRestrict)
srv.loopWG.Add(1)
go srv.run(dialer)
return nil
}
Start开启p2pserver，srv.newTransport = newRLPX，加密链路使用了RLPX协议。srv.Dialer = TCPDialer{&net.Dialer{Timeout: defaultDialTimeout}}，使用TCPDial，负责在两个node之间建立连接。
后面紧接着是srv的状态。
setupLocalNode、setupListening、setupDiscovery，初始化本地节点、开启监听以及节点发现。
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