VM ware安装centOS 7及配置

下载centOS 7镜像:下载地址
按着引导一步一步安装配置即可.比较简单,直接说安装完成后的配置.

1 配置网络

三种模式:桥接模式,NAT模式,仅主机模式
这里选用桥接模式

1.2 桥接模式:作为物理机直连路由器,与主机处在一个网络中

vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33

里面的代码解释如下:

TYPE=Ethernet                                 # 网卡类型：为以太网
PROXY_METHOD=none                             # 代理方式：关闭状态
BROWSER_ONLY=no                               # 只是浏览器：否
BOOTPROTO=dhcp                                # 网卡的引导协议：DHCP
DEFROUTE=yes                                  # 默认路由：是 
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no                         # 是不开启IPV4致命错误检测：否
IPV6INIT=yes                                  # IPV6是否自动初始化: 是
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes                             # IPV6是否自动配置：是
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes                             # IPV6是否可以为默认路由：是
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no                         # 是不开启IPV6致命错误检测：否
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy             # IPV6地址生成模型：stable-privacy 
NAME=ens33                                    # 网卡物理设备名称
UUID=42773503-99ed-443f-a957-66dbc1258347     # 通用唯一识别码
DEVICE=ens33                                  # 网卡设备名称
ONBOOT=no                                     # 是否开机启动， 可用systemctl restart network重启网络

修改ONBOOT=yes并在最后一行增添DNS1=114.114.114.114
重启网络:

systemctl restart network

此时已经连接上网络.

由于虚拟机直接操作起来很麻烦,以下命令使用puTTy连接虚拟机,可以直接复制代码比较方便.

2 更换软件源

首先备份 CentOS-Base.repo

sudo mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.bak

vi /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

将原内容替换为

# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#

[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

3 安装nginx

3.1 获取Nginx软件源

rpm -Uvh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm

3.2 下载Nginx

yum install nginx -y

3.3 启动Nginx

nginx

此时使用同一个局域网内的电脑访问虚拟机的ip,仍然无法访问到Nginx的默认界面.

使用wget命令获取127.0.0.1的index页面以及虚拟机ip的index页面,均可以获得nginx的默认页面.

image
image

说明本机可以访问,但是同局域网主机无法访问.所以是防火墙的原因.

查看防火墙状态:

systemctl status firewalld

image

因为是在局域网内,不是服务器,所以我就直接把防火墙关了(当然也可以放通某个端口)

systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl status firewalld

image

4 查看端口

查看端口命令如果无法使用,如图所示:

-bash: netstat: command not found

是因为没有安装网络工具.执行下面命令就可以了.

yum install net-tools

5 安装MySQL

下载mysql的repo源:

wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm

安装mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm包:

sudo rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm

注:安装这个包会获得两个mysql的yum repo源:
/etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo
/etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community-source.repo

安装mysql:

sudo yum install mysql-server -y

安装完成后查看mysql:

rpm -qa | grep mysql

设置开机自启动:

systemctl enable mysqld

5.1 MySQL忘记密码操作:

修改MySQL的登录设置：

nano /etc/my.cnf

在[mysqld]的段中加上一句：

skip-grant-tables

重新启动mysqld

service mysqld restart

Stopping MySQL: [ OK ]
Starting MySQL: [ OK ]

登录并修改MySQL的root密码

mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3 to server version: 3.23.56
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.
mysql> USE mysql ;
Database changed
mysql> UPDATE user SET Password = password ( 'new-password' ) WHERE User = 'root' ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 2 Changed: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> flush privileges ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> quit

将MySQL的登录设置修改回来

vim /etc/my.cnf

将刚才在[mysqld]的段中加上的skip-grant-tables删除

重新启动mysqld

service mysqld restart

Stopping MySQL: [ OK ]
Starting MySQL: [ OK ]

6 安装PHP

获取yum源:

rpm -Uvh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm

安装:

yum install php72w-cli.x86_64 php72w-common.x86_64 php72w-gd.x86_64 php72w-ldap.x86_64 php72w-mbstring.x86_64 php72w-mcrypt.x86_64 php72w-mysql.x86_64 php72w-pdo.x86_64 php72w-fpm php72w-opcache

启动php-fpm:

systemctl start php-fpm

设置开机自启:

systemctl enable php-fpm
systemctl daemon-reload

7 安装WordPress:

7.1 下载wordpress

从官方网站获取WordPress压缩包:

wget https://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz

下载速度会很慢.

安装完成后解压

tar -zxf wordpress-5.2.2.tar.gz

得到wordpress文件夹

7.2 配置nginx

编辑nginx目录下的nginx.conf

nano /etc/nginx.nginx.conf

在http中加入以下代码:

 server {
        listen       80 default_server;
        listen       [::]:80 default_server;
        server_name  _;
        #该目录为wordpress的解压目录
        root /usr/share/wordpress;

        include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;

        location / {
        index index.php index.html index.htm;
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php index.php;
        }


# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
    location ~ .php$ {
        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }



        error_page 404 /404.html;
            location = /40x.html {
        }

        error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
            location = /50x.html {
        }
    }

保存退出.

7.3 配置数据库

7.3.1 登录数据库:

mysql -uroot --password='YOURPWD'

7.3.2 创建名为wordpress的数据库:

CREATE DATABASE wordpress;

7.3.3 退出数据库

exit;

8 将配置同步到wordpress

将wordpress文件夹下的wp-config.samble.php复制一份,并命名为wp-config.php,编辑wp-config.php：

nano wp-config.php

修改其中数据库的部分:

<?php
/**只要修改这里的数据库名称,账号,密码*/
define('DB_NAME', 'wordpress');
/** MySQL database username */
define('DB_USER', 'root');
/** MySQL database password */
define('DB_PASSWORD', 'YOURPWD');

/**以下部分不用修改*/
/** MySQL hostname */
define('DB_HOST', 'localhost');
/** Database Charset to use in creating database tables. */
define('DB_CHARSET', 'utf8');
/** The Database Collate type. Don't change this if in doubt. */
define('DB_COLLATE', '');


define('AUTH_KEY',         'put your unique phrase here');
define('SECURE_AUTH_KEY',  'put your unique phrase here');
define('LOGGED_IN_KEY',    'put your unique phrase here');
define('NONCE_KEY',        'put your unique phrase here');
define('AUTH_SALT',        'put your unique phrase here');
define('SECURE_AUTH_SALT', 'put your unique phrase here');
define('LOGGED_IN_SALT',   'put your unique phrase here');
define('NONCE_SALT',       'put your unique phrase here');

$table_prefix  = 'wp_';
define('WP_DEBUG', false);
if ( !defined('ABSPATH') )
    define('ABSPATH', '/usr/share/wordpress');
require_once(ABSPATH . 'wp-settings.php');

9 完成后重启nginx,访问IP地址即可进入wordpress的设置界面