AbstractList
AbstractList是什么?
AbstractList是AbstractCollection和List的抽象子类,为一些通用的方法提供实现,并为所有List结构提供统一父类
继承结构
public abstract class AbstractList<E> extends AbstractCollection<E> implements List<E> {
}
构造函数
protected AbstractList() {
}
操作集合元素
添加元素
- add(int index, E element)抛出异常避免向AbstractList添加元素,其应由子类实现
- add(E e)默认添加在尾部
- addAll在指定位置添加传入的集合
public void add(int index, E element) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
public boolean add(E e) {
add(size(), e);
return true;
}
public boolean addAll(int index, Collection<? extends E> c) {
rangeCheckForAdd(index);
boolean modified = false;
for (E e : c) {
add(index++, e);
modified = true;
}
return modified;
}
private void rangeCheckForAdd(int index) {
if (index < 0 || index > size())
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException(outOfBoundsMsg(index));
}
private String outOfBoundsMsg(int index) {
return "Index: "+index+", Size: "+size();
}
获取元素
get()方法通过索引获取值
abstract public E get(int index);
设置元素
set()抛出异常避免向AbstractList设置元素
public E set(int index, E element) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
删除元素
remove()抛出异常避免从AbstractList删除元素
public E remove(int index) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
clear()方法边迭代边删除
public void clear() {
removeRange(0, size());
}
protected void removeRange(int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
ListIterator<E> it = listIterator(fromIndex);
for (int i=0, n=toIndex-fromIndex; i<n; i++) {
it.next();
it.remove();
}
}
获取下标
indexOf()从前往后遍历查找,lastIndexOf()从后往前遍历查找(可找null)
public int indexOf(Object o) {
ListIterator<E> it = listIterator();
if (o==null) {
while (it.hasNext())
if (it.next()==null)
return it.previousIndex();
} else {
while (it.hasNext())
if (o.equals(it.next()))
return it.previousIndex();
}
return -1;
}
public int lastIndexOf(Object o) {
ListIterator<E> it = listIterator(size());
if (o==null) {
while (it.hasPrevious())
if (it.previous()==null)
return it.nextIndex();
} else {
while (it.hasPrevious())
if (o.equals(it.previous()))
return it.nextIndex();
}
return -1;
}
equals和hashCode
equals方法具体为:
- 先判断类地址是否相等
- 再判断是否是List子类,非List子类无listIterator
- 取出两者的listIterator循环比较其中的元素
- 若equals()方法执行过程中元素变多或变少则为false
public boolean equals(Object o) {
if (o == this)
return true;
if (!(o instanceof List))
return false;
ListIterator<E> e1 = listIterator();
ListIterator<?> e2 = ((List<?>) o).listIterator();
while (e1.hasNext() && e2.hasNext()) {
E o1 = e1.next();
Object o2 = e2.next();
if (!(o1==null ? o2==null : o1.equals(o2)))
return false;
}
return !(e1.hasNext() || e2.hasNext());
}
public int hashCode() {
int hashCode = 1;
for (E e : this)
hashCode = 31*hashCode + (e==null ? 0 : e.hashCode());
return hashCode;
}
hashCode方法具体为 31*上一个元素hascode(最开始为1) + 下一个元素hashCode(null为0)
此域用于记录集合的修改次数,防止两个迭代器并发修改
protected transient int modCount = 0;
获取迭代器
- iterator()返回从实现 Iterator的迭代器Itr
- listIterator()返回实现 ListIterator且位置为0的迭代器ListItr
- listIterator(final int index)返回 指定位置的迭代器ListItr
public Iterator<E> iterator() {
return new Itr();
}
public ListIterator<E> listIterator() {
return listIterator(0);
}
public ListIterator<E> listIterator(final int index) {
rangeCheckForAdd(index);
return new ListItr(index);
}
迭代器——Itr内部类
- hasNext()判断当前cursor是否到了 size()
next()具体为
- 先判断集合是否已被并发修改
- 调用get()取出右边元素( 用i保持原子性,避免get时cursor被修改,若被修改抛并发异常,否则抛遍历异常 )
- 记录越过的元素位置
- 将游标加1
remove()具体为
- 先判断是否调用了next()
- 再判断是否已被并发修改
- 调用外部类的remove()移除上一个越过的元素( remove报错则一定发生了并发修改 )
- 游标减1( 判断lastRet < cursor保持原子性,避免并发修改后仍然减游标 )
- lastRet = -1避免连续调用remove()
- 记录修改次数
private class Itr implements Iterator<E> {
int cursor = 0;
int lastRet = -1;
int expectedModCount = modCount;
public boolean hasNext() {
return cursor != size();
}
public E next() {
checkForComodification();
try {
int i = cursor;
E next = get(i);
lastRet = i;
cursor = i + 1;
return next;
} catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
checkForComodification();
throw new NoSuchElementException();
}
}
public void remove() {
if (lastRet < 0)
throw new IllegalStateException();
checkForComodification();
try {
AbstractList.this.remove(lastRet);
if (lastRet < cursor)
cursor--;
lastRet = -1;
expectedModCount = modCount;
} catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
}
}
final void checkForComodification() {
if (modCount != expectedModCount)
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
}
}
迭代器——ListItr内部类
ListItr 继承了 Itr(向后遍历) 且实现了 ListIterator(向前遍历)
- 构造函数获取指定位置的迭代器(从头开始则为0)
- hasPrevious()判断当前是否到了位置0
- nextIndex()和previousIndex()返回当前游标和上一个游标
previous()具体为
- 先判断集合是否已被并发修改
- 调用get获取迭代器左边元素( 用i保持原子性,避免get时cursor被修改,若被修改抛并发异常,否则抛遍历异常 )
- 记录越过元素的位置并让游标减1
private class ListItr extends Itr implements ListIterator<E> {
ListItr(int index) {
cursor = index;
}
public boolean hasPrevious() {
return cursor != 0;
}
public E previous() {
checkForComodification();
try {
int i = cursor - 1;
E previous = get(i);
lastRet = cursor = i;
return previous;
} catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
checkForComodification();
throw new NoSuchElementException();
}
}
public int nextIndex() {
return cursor;
}
public int previousIndex() {
return cursor-1;
}
public void set(E e) {
if (lastRet < 0)
throw new IllegalStateException();
checkForComodification();
try {
AbstractList.this.set(lastRet, e);
expectedModCount = modCount;
} catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
}
}
public void add(E e) {
checkForComodification();
try {
int i = cursor;
AbstractList.this.add(i, e);
lastRet = -1;
cursor = i + 1;
expectedModCount = modCount;
} catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
}
}
}
set()具体为
- 先判断是否调用了next()或previous()
- 再判断是否已被并发修改
- 调用外部类的set覆盖上一个越过的元素( set报错则一定发生了并发修改 )
- (未lastRet = -1,说明可重复set,覆盖上一个)
- 记录修改次数
add()具体为
- 先判断是否已被并发修改
- 用外部类的add()在游标右侧添加元素( 用i保持原子性,避免add时cursor被修改,若被修改抛并发异常 )
- lastRet = -1避免调用set()、remove(),但可连续调用add()
- 游标加1
- 记录修改次数
获取子串
数组实现的List结构返回RandomAccessSubList,链表实现的List结构则返回SubList
public List<E> subList(int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
return (this instanceof RandomAccess ?
new RandomAccessSubList<>(this, fromIndex, toIndex) :
new SubList<>(this, fromIndex, toIndex));
}
子串——SubList类(以下是类介绍)
继承结构
采用组合模式继承AbstractList
class SubList<E> extends AbstractList<E> {、
}
i 指向父串,offset父串开始截取的index,size为两个index之差, 此外还有一个从父串继承的modCount
private final AbstractList<E> l;
private final int offset;
private int size;
构造函数
构造函数判断位置是否越界,保存list( 子串和原集合是互相影响的 )、offset、size、modCount( 同步子串父串修改 )
SubList(AbstractList<E> list, int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
if (fromIndex < 0)
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("fromIndex = " + fromIndex);
if (toIndex > list.size())
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("toIndex = " + toIndex);
if (fromIndex > toIndex)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("fromIndex(" + fromIndex +
") > toIndex(" + toIndex + ")");
l = list;
offset = fromIndex;
size = toIndex - fromIndex;
this.modCount = l.modCount;
}
- rangeCheck检查是否越界
- rangeCheckForAdd检查是否可添加(index = size意为添加到末尾)
- checkForComodification检查字串父串修改记录是否相等
private void rangeCheck(int index) {
if (index < 0 || index >= size)
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException(outOfBoundsMsg(index));
}
private void rangeCheckForAdd(int index) {
if (index < 0 || index > size)
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException(outOfBoundsMsg(index));
}
private String outOfBoundsMsg(int index) {
return "Index: "+index+", Size: "+size;
}
private void checkForComodification() {
if (this.modCount != l.modCount)
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
}
设置元素
检查是否越界,并发修改,后调用AbstractList.set方法( 加上子串的偏移量 )
public E set(int index, E element) {
rangeCheck(index);
checkForComodification();
return l.set(index+offset, element);
}
获取元素
检查是否越界,并发修改,后调用AbstractList.get方法( 加上子串的偏移量 )
public E get(int index) {
rangeCheck(index);
checkForComodification();
return l.get(index+offset);
}
获取大小
检查是否并发修改,后返回size(为两个index之差)
public int size() {
checkForComodification();
return size;
}
增加元素
- add()检查是否越界、并发修改,后调用AbstractList.add方法( 加上子串的偏移量 ),同步修改次数,size+1
- addAll(Collection)添加到集合末尾
- addAll(int, Collection)检查是否越界、c.size是否为0、并发修改,后调用AbstractList.addAll方法( 加上子串的偏移量 ),同步修改次数,size+c.size
public void add(int index, E element) {
rangeCheckForAdd(index);
checkForComodification();
l.add(index+offset, element);
this.modCount = l.modCount;
size++;
}
public boolean addAll(Collection<? extends E> c) {
return addAll(size, c);
}
public boolean addAll(int index, Collection<? extends E> c) {
rangeCheckForAdd(index);
int cSize = c.size();
if (cSize==0)
return false;
checkForComodification();
l.addAll(offset+index, c);
this.modCount = l.modCount;
size += cSize;
return true;
}
删除元素
- remove检查是否越界、并发修改,后调用AbstractList.remove方法( 加上子串的偏移量 ),同步修改次数,size-1
- removeRange检查并发修改,后调用AbstractList.removeRange方法( 加上子串的偏移量),同步记修次数,size-(toIndex-fromIndex)
public E remove(int index) {
rangeCheck(index);
checkForComodification();
E result = l.remove(index+offset);
this.modCount = l.modCount;
size--;
return result;
}
protected void removeRange(int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
checkForComodification();
l.removeRange(fromIndex+offset, toIndex+offset);
this.modCount = l.modCount;
size -= (toIndex-fromIndex);
}
获取迭代器
- iterator()调用AbstractList.ListIterator()再调用AbstractList.listIterator(0), 利用多态实际调用Sublist.listIterator(0)
listIterator(int)返回指定位置的listIterator( 其为SubList类的匿名内部类 ),下面为介绍
- 域 i 保存AbstractList.listIterator( 加上偏移量 ),内部方法都是其间接调用
- nextIndex()和previousIndex()调用AbstractList相应方法减去偏移量
- hasNext()判断子串下一个下标是否小于size ,成立后next()返回AbstractList.next()
- hasPrevious()判断子串上一个下标是否大于0 ,成立后previous()返回AbstractList.previous()
public Iterator<E> iterator() {
return listIterator();
}
public ListIterator<E> listIterator(final int index) {
checkForComodification();
rangeCheckForAdd(index);
return new ListIterator<E>() {
private final ListIterator<E> i = l.listIterator(index+offset);
public boolean hasNext() {
return nextIndex() < size;
}
public E next() {
if (hasNext())
return i.next();
else
throw new NoSuchElementException();
}
public boolean hasPrevious() {
return previousIndex() >= 0;
}
public E previous() {
if (hasPrevious())
return i.previous();
else
throw new NoSuchElementException();
}
public int nextIndex() {
return i.nextIndex() - offset;
}
public int previousIndex() {
return i.previousIndex() - offset;
}
public void remove() {
i.remove();
SubList.this.modCount = l.modCount;
size--;
}
public void set(E e) {
i.set(e);
}
public void add(E e) {
i.add(e);
SubList.this.modCount = l.modCount;
size++;
}
};
}
- remove()调用AbstractList.remove(),同步修改记录,size–
- add()调用AbstractList.add(),同步修改记录,size++
- set()调用AbstractList.set()
获取子串的子串
subList()调用自身的构造方法,将自己截断
public List<E> subList(int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
return new SubList<>(this, fromIndex, toIndex);
}
子串——RandomAccessSubList类
RandomAccessSubList继承SubList实现RandomAccess,说明父串是RandomAccess,截取的字串仍是RandomAccess
- 构造函数调用SubList的构造函数
- subList()调用自身的构造方法,将自己截断
class RandomAccessSubList<E> extends SubList<E> implements RandomAccess {
RandomAccessSubList(AbstractList<E> list, int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
super(list, fromIndex, toIndex);
}
public List<E> subList(int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
return new RandomAccessSubList<>(this, fromIndex, toIndex);
}
}
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