1. I do not know all of them.
2. All the answers are not right.
3. Everybody wouldn't like it.
4. It is a long lane that had no turning.
5. It is a wise man that never makes mistakes.
6. We cannot estimate the value of modern science too much.
在英语中all,both,every,everyone,everything,everybody,everywhere等与否定词not,no连用时,表示的是部分否定,而非全部否定.
① I don’t know all of them. 对他们我不是个个都认识。
② I don’t like both of the books. 我不是两本书都喜欢。
③ All the answers are not right. 答案并非全对。
④ Everybody wouldn't like it. 并不是每上人都会喜欢它。
all –none,both ---neither,every—no,everyone—no one(nobody),everything—nothing,everywhere—nowhere等
全变否定
① I know none of them. 对他们我都不认识。
② I like neither of the books. 我一本书都不喜欢。
③ None of the answers are right. 所有答案都不对。
④ Nobody would like it. 每个人都不会喜欢它。
4. It is a long lane that had no turning.
误:那是一条没有弯的长巷。
正:无论多长的巷也有弯的地方(路必有弯,事必有变)。
5. It is a wise man that never makes mistakes.
误:聪明人从不犯错误。
正:无论怎样聪明的人也难免犯错误(人非圣贤,孰能无过)
“It is a+形容词+名词+that...”结构是一个特殊的习惯用法,意思是“无论怎样的...也不...”。真正的句子意思与字面意思相反,它具有含蓄的让步意味,切不可望文生义、译成强调句型。
又如:
It’s a good horse that never stumbles.再好的马也有失前蹄的时候。(引申意义为:金无足赤,人无完人。)
大家先看一道选择题
You cannot be careful when you drive a car.
A. very B. so C. too D. enough
此题的正确答案是C项。
Cannot(或can not)和too连用时,绝不能想当然地按“不可能太…”来理解,它们连用时构成一个特殊结构,表示一种极为强烈的肯定意义,表示“怎样…也不过分”、“应尽量…”、“越…越好”之意。
例如:
We cannot estimate the value of modern science too much. 现代科学的价值,无论如何重视也不算过分。
下面介绍一下其变体形式
应该注意的是,cannot…too…这一特殊结构有以下一些变体形式,即结构稍有变化但表达意义不变。
1)can never…too…
Onecan neverbetoocareful in one's work. 我们的工作越过细越好。
2)cannot…over…
The importance of making an on the spot investigation cannotbe overemphasized. 进行现场调查的重要性无论怎样强调也不会过分的。
3)can scarcely/hardly…too…
We can scarcely pay too high a price for national security. 为了国家安全我们不管付出什么代价也不嫌太高。
His contribution to modern science can hardly be overrated. 他对现代科学的贡献,无论如何估计也不会过高。(动词overrate中的词头over已包含有too much之意,因为over-含有“过分”、“过头”之意。)
4)cannot…enough/sufficient…
I cannot thank you enough for your great kindness. 对你的盛情美意我感激不尽。
You cannot take sufficient care. 你必须十分小心。
5)be impossible to…too/over…
It is impossible to criticize too severely his conduct.对他这种行为批评得越严厉越好。
It is impossible to overpraise his work. 我们怎样称赞他的工作也不算过分。
6)be difficult…too…
It will be difficult to speak to him too severely. 对他讲话要越重越好。
7)no…can…too…
No man can have too many friends. 朋友越多越好。
No man can have too much money. 钱再多也不嫌多。
从以上结构形式中可以看出,它们均有一个共同点,即过分否定,导致肯定。
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