TensorFlow 的准备工作和例子

作者: Stony | 来源:发表于2016-10-22 12:29 被阅读3317次

准备工作

https://www.tensorflow.org/versions/r0.11/get_started/os_setup.html
要点：

基于Python，不同操作系统的安装方式略有不同(pip)
支持 CPU 或者 GPU (Cuda Toolkit, cuDNN)的版本
建议使用环境隔离(virtualenv)／虚拟化(docker) 的环境

pip install

安装python的依赖环境

# Ubuntu/Linux 64-bit
$ sudo apt-get install python-pip python-dev

# Mac OS X
$ sudo easy_install pip
$ sudo easy_install --upgrade six

选择对应的TensorFlow安装版本

# Ubuntu/Linux 64-bit, CPU only, Python 2.7
$ export TF_BINARY_URL=https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/linux/cpu/tensorflow-0.11.0rc0-cp27-none-linux_x86_64.whl

# Ubuntu/Linux 64-bit, GPU enabled, Python 2.7
# Requires CUDA toolkit 7.5 and CuDNN v5. For other versions, see "Install from sources" below.
$ export TF_BINARY_URL=https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/linux/gpu/tensorflow-0.11.0rc0-cp27-none-linux_x86_64.whl

# Mac OS X, CPU only, Python 2.7:
$ export TF_BINARY_URL=https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/mac/cpu/tensorflow-0.11.0rc0-py2-none-any.whl

# Mac OS X, GPU enabled, Python 2.7:
$ export TF_BINARY_URL=https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/mac/gpu/tensorflow-0.11.0rc0-py2-none-any.whl

# Ubuntu/Linux 64-bit, CPU only, Python 3.4
$ export TF_BINARY_URL=https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/linux/cpu/tensorflow-0.11.0rc0-cp34-cp34m-linux_x86_64.whl

# Ubuntu/Linux 64-bit, GPU enabled, Python 3.4
# Requires CUDA toolkit 7.5 and CuDNN v5. For other versions, see "Install from sources" below.
$ export TF_BINARY_URL=https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/linux/gpu/tensorflow-0.11.0rc0-cp34-cp34m-linux_x86_64.whl

# Ubuntu/Linux 64-bit, CPU only, Python 3.5
$ export TF_BINARY_URL=https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/linux/cpu/tensorflow-0.11.0rc0-cp35-cp35m-linux_x86_64.whl

# Ubuntu/Linux 64-bit, GPU enabled, Python 3.5
# Requires CUDA toolkit 7.5 and CuDNN v5. For other versions, see "Install from sources" below.
$ export TF_BINARY_URL=https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/linux/gpu/tensorflow-0.11.0rc0-cp35-cp35m-linux_x86_64.whl

# Mac OS X, CPU only, Python 3.4 or 3.5:
$ export TF_BINARY_URL=https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/mac/cpu/tensorflow-0.11.0rc0-py3-none-any.whl

# Mac OS X, GPU enabled, Python 3.4 or 3.5:
$ export TF_BINARY_URL=https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/mac/gpu/tensorflow-0.11.0rc0-py3-none-any.whl

安装TensorFlow

# Python 2
$ sudo pip install --upgrade $TF_BINARY_URL

# Python 3
$ sudo pip3 install --upgrade $TF_BINARY_URL

Virtualenv

安装python的开发依赖环境和Virtualenv

# Ubuntu/Linux 64-bit
$ sudo apt-get install python-pip python-dev python-virtualenv

# Mac OS X
$ sudo easy_install pip
$ sudo pip install --upgrade virtualenv

建立专用的虚拟环境所在的文件夹

$ virtualenv --system-site-packages ~/tensorflow

激活虚拟环境

$ source ~/tensorflow/bin/activate  # If using bash
$ source ~/tensorflow/bin/activate.csh  # If using csh
(tensorflow)$  # Your prompt should change

关闭虚拟环境

(tensorflow)$ deactivate

$  # Your prompt should change back

选择对应的TensorFlow安装版本

# Ubuntu/Linux 64-bit, CPU only, Python 2.7
$ export TF_BINARY_URL=https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/linux/cpu/tensorflow-0.11.0rc0-cp27-none-linux_x86_64.whl

# Ubuntu/Linux 64-bit, GPU enabled, Python 2.7
# Requires CUDA toolkit 7.5 and CuDNN v5. For other versions, see "Install from sources" below.
$ export TF_BINARY_URL=https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/linux/gpu/tensorflow-0.11.0rc0-cp27-none-linux_x86_64.whl

# Mac OS X, CPU only, Python 2.7:
$ export TF_BINARY_URL=https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/mac/cpu/tensorflow-0.11.0rc0-py2-none-any.whl

# Mac OS X, GPU enabled, Python 2.7:
$ export TF_BINARY_URL=https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/mac/gpu/tensorflow-0.11.0rc0-py2-none-any.whl

# Ubuntu/Linux 64-bit, CPU only, Python 3.4
$ export TF_BINARY_URL=https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/linux/cpu/tensorflow-0.11.0rc0-cp34-cp34m-linux_x86_64.whl

# Ubuntu/Linux 64-bit, GPU enabled, Python 3.4
# Requires CUDA toolkit 7.5 and CuDNN v5. For other versions, see "Install from sources" below.
$ export TF_BINARY_URL=https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/linux/gpu/tensorflow-0.11.0rc0-cp34-cp34m-linux_x86_64.whl

# Ubuntu/Linux 64-bit, CPU only, Python 3.5
$ export TF_BINARY_URL=https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/linux/cpu/tensorflow-0.11.0rc0-cp35-cp35m-linux_x86_64.whl

# Ubuntu/Linux 64-bit, GPU enabled, Python 3.5
# Requires CUDA toolkit 7.5 and CuDNN v5. For other versions, see "Install from sources" below.
$ export TF_BINARY_URL=https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/linux/gpu/tensorflow-0.11.0rc0-cp35-cp35m-linux_x86_64.whl

# Mac OS X, CPU only, Python 3.4 or 3.5:
$ export TF_BINARY_URL=https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/mac/cpu/tensorflow-0.11.0rc0-py3-none-any.whl

# Mac OS X, GPU enabled, Python 3.4 or 3.5:
$ export TF_BINARY_URL=https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/mac/gpu/tensorflow-0.11.0rc0-py3-none-any.whl

安装TensorFlow

# Python 2
$ sudo pip install --upgrade $TF_BINARY_URL

# Python 3
$ sudo pip3 install --upgrade $TF_BINARY_URL

Anaconda installation (科学计算版本Python 略)

Docker

docker images:

gcr.io/tensorflow/tensorflow: TensorFlow CPU binary image.
gcr.io/tensorflow/tensorflow:latest-devel: CPU Binary image plus source code.
gcr.io/tensorflow/tensorflow:latest-gpu: TensorFlow GPU binary image.
gcr.io/tensorflow/tensorflow:latest-devel-gpu: GPU Binary image plus source code.

安装Docker

安装TensorFlow Docker Image (CPU版本)

$ docker run -it -p 8888:8888 gcr.io/tensorflow/tensorflow

安装TensorFlow Docker Image (GPU版本)

$ nvidia-docker run -it -p 8888:8888 gcr.io/tensorflow/tensorflow:latest-gpu

# or
$ path/to/repo/tensorflow/tools/docker/docker_run_gpu.sh -p 8888:8888 gcr.io/tensorflow/tensorflow:latest-gpu

验证安装结果

常见错误

$ python
...
>>> import tensorflow as tf
>>> hello = tf.constant('Hello, TensorFlow!')
>>> sess = tf.Session()
>>> print(sess.run(hello))
Hello, TensorFlow!
>>> a = tf.constant(10)
>>> b = tf.constant(32)
>>> print(sess.run(a + b))
42
>>>

项目源代码

$ git clone https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow
包含一些例子和工具

手写识别的例子

# Copyright 2015 The TensorFlow Authors. All Rights Reserved.

#

# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");

# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

# You may obtain a copy of the License at

#

# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

#

# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

# limitations under the License.

# ==============================================================================

"""A very simple MNIST classifier.

See extensive documentation at

http://tensorflow.org/tutorials/mnist/beginners/index.md

"""

from __future__ import absolute_import

from __future__ import division

from __future__ import print_function

import argparse

# Import data

from tensorflow.examples.tutorials.mnist import input_data

import tensorflow as tf

FLAGS = None

def main(_):

mnist = input_data.read_data_sets(FLAGS.data_dir, one_hot=True)

# Create the model

x = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, 784])

W = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([784, 10]))

b = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([10]))

y = tf.matmul(x, W) + b

# Define loss and optimizer

y_ = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, 10])

# The raw formulation of cross-entropy,

#

# tf.reduce_mean(-tf.reduce_sum(y_ * tf.log(tf.softmax(y)),

# reduction_indices=[1]))

#

# can be numerically unstable.

#

# So here we use tf.nn.softmax_cross_entropy_with_logits on the raw

# outputs of 'y', and then average across the batch.

cross_entropy = tf.reduce_mean(tf.nn.softmax_cross_entropy_with_logits(y, y_))

train_step = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(0.5).minimize(cross_entropy)

sess = tf.InteractiveSession()

# Train

tf.initialize_all_variables().run()

for _ in range(1000):

batch_xs, batch_ys = mnist.train.next_batch(100)

sess.run(train_step, feed_dict={x: batch_xs, y_: batch_ys})

# Test trained model

correct_prediction = tf.equal(tf.argmax(y, 1), tf.argmax(y_, 1))

accuracy = tf.reduce_mean(tf.cast(correct_prediction, tf.float32))

print(sess.run(accuracy, feed_dict={x: mnist.test.images,

y_: mnist.test.labels}))

if __name__ == '__main__':

parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()

parser.add_argument('--data_dir', type=str, default='/tmp/data',

help='Directory for storing data')

FLAGS = parser.parse_args()

tf.app.run()

网友评论

我爱编程

本文标题：TensorFlow 的准备工作和例子

本文链接：https://www.haomeiwen.com/subject/qnxhuttx.html

延伸阅读

深度阅读

您也可以注册成为美文阅读网的作者，发表您的原创作品、分享您的心情！