Android存储路径

Android 存储路径分为内部存储和外部存储

1.内部存储的主要方式

Environment.getDataDirectory()                                      
Environment.getDownloadCacheDirectory()                    
Environment.getRootDirectory()

对应的分别时的路径分别是：

• /data
• /data/cache
• /system

Environment.getDataDirectory().getParentFile()就是根目录，这个目录下还有一些私密的数据，比如：databases（数据库）、shared_prefs（SharedPreferences）等

注意：没有root的手机不能打开该文件夹的

2.外部存储

外部存储又分为SD卡存储和扩展卡内存

SD卡存储

SD卡存储又分为公有目录存储和私有目录存储

公有目录存储

• Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_ALARMS) /storage/sdcard0/Alarms
• Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_DCIM) /storage/sdcard0/DCIM
• Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS) /storage/sdcard0/Download
• Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_MOVIES) /storage/sdcard0/Movies
• Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_MUSIC) /storage/sdcard0/Music
• Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_NOTIFICATIONS) /storage/sdcard0/Notifications
• Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_PICTURES) /storage/sdcard0/Pictures
• Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_PODCASTS) /storage/sdcard0/Podcasts
• Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_RINGTONES) /storage/sdcard0/Ringtones

上面的九个方法对应的就是SD卡的九大公有目录，Google官方建议我们数据应该存储在私有目录下，不建议存储在公有目录下或其他地方

那什么是私有目录呢？

就是在外部存储的App的包名下，如：/storage/emulated/0/Android/data/cwj.test(包名)/files/test

方法	路径
getExternalFilesDir()	/storage/emulated/0/Android/data/cwj.test(包名)/files/test
getExternalCacheDir	/storage/emulated/0/Android/data/cwj.test(包名)/cache/test

一般情况下有包名的路径我们都是调用Context中的方法来获得，没有包名的路径，我们直接调用Environment中的方法获得。

（2）扩展卡内存

扩展内存就是我们插入的外置SD卡，获取扩展内存的路径有点难度，不过Google很牛逼，哈哈，代码如下：

private static String getExtendedMemoryPath(Context mContext) {  
      StorageManager mStorageManager = (StorageManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.STORAGE_SERVICE);
        Class storageVolumeClazz = null;
        try {
            storageVolumeClazz = Class.forName("android.os.storage.StorageVolume");
            Method getVolumeList = mStorageManager.getClass().getMethod("getVolumeList");
            Method getPath = storageVolumeClazz.getMethod("getPath");
            Method isRemovable = storageVolumeClazz.getMethod("isRemovable");
            Object result = getVolumeList.invoke(mStorageManager);
            final int length = Array.getLength(result);
            for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
                Object storageVolumeElement = Array.get(result, i);
                String path = (String) getPath.invoke(storageVolumeElement);
                boolean removable = (Boolean) isRemovable.invoke(storageVolumeElement);
                if (removable) {
                    return path;
                }
            }
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
}

该方法主要是通过反射的方式使用在sdk中被 隐藏 的类 StroageVolume 中的方法getVolumeList()，获取外部存储的路径。

测试路径

            String absolutePath = Environment.getDataDirectory().getAbsolutePath();
            String canonicalPath = Environment.getDataDirectory().getCanonicalPath();
            LogUtils.d("absolutePath:"+absolutePath+"   canonicalPath "+canonicalPath);

            String absolutePath1 = Environment.getDownloadCacheDirectory().getAbsolutePath();
            String canonicalPath1 = Environment.getDownloadCacheDirectory().getCanonicalPath();
            LogUtils.d("absolutePath1:"+absolutePath1+"   canonicalPath1 "+canonicalPath1);

            String absolutePath3 = Environment.getRootDirectory().getAbsolutePath();
            String canonicalPath3 = Environment.getRootDirectory().getCanonicalPath();
            LogUtils.d("absolutePath3:"+absolutePath3+"   canonicalPath3 "+canonicalPath3);

            String absolutePath2 = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath();
            String canonicalPath2 = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getCanonicalPath();
            LogUtils.d("absolutePath2:"+absolutePath2+"   canonicalPath2 "+canonicalPath2);

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原始链接:yoursite.com/2017/03/17/…