乳腺癌分子分型

乳腺癌的5种分子分型：
1，Luminal A breast cancer ：HR（ hormone-receptor，雌激素受体，ESR1）阳性，HER2阴性，且控制癌细胞生长速度的Ki-67蛋白水平很低。Luminal A型为低级别乳腺癌，进展慢，预后好。
2，Luminal B breast cancer：HR阳性，HER2可阴性也可阳性，控制癌细胞生长速度的Ki-67蛋白水平很高。Luminal B 比Luminal A型进展稍快，预后稍差。
3，Triple-negative/basal-like breast cancer：HR阴性，HER2阴性。这种类型的患者多为携带BRCA1突变的女性，且在黑人女性和年前女性中高发。
4，HER2-enriched breast cancer：HR阴性，HER2阳性。这种类型的乳腺癌比luminal类型的生长更快，预后更差。但这种类型的乳腺癌通常可以用针对HER2的靶向药治疗，例如Enhertu (chemical name: fam-trastuzumab-deruxtecan-nxki), Herceptin (chemical name: trastuzumab), Perjeta (chemical name: pertuzumab), Tykerb (chemical name: lapatinib), Nerlynx (chemical name: neratinib), and Kadcyla (chemical name: T-DM1 or ado-trastuzumab emtansine).
5，Normal-like breast cancer：与luminal A类似，HR阳性，HER2阴性，Ki-67水平低。预后比较好，但还是比luminal A稍稍差一点点。

其中：
HER2指的是erb-B2（酪氨酸激酶受体2，又名NEU, CD340原癌基因erbB-2编码的185kDa的细胞膜受体，为表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor，EGFR)家族成员之一。该家族包括erb-B1(又称EGFR，HER1)、erb-B2(又称HER2)、erb-B3(HER3)和erb-B4(HER4)四个成员。

######################英文原文#############################################
There are five main intrinsic or molecular subtypes of breast cancer that are based on the genes a cancer expresses:
Luminal A breast cancer is hormone-receptor positive (estrogen-receptor and/or progesterone-receptor positive), HER2 negative, and has low levels of the protein Ki-67, which helps control how fast cancer cells grow. Luminal A cancers are low-grade, tend to grow slowly and have the best prognosis.
Luminal B breast cancer is hormone-receptor positive (estrogen-receptor and/or progesterone-receptor positive), and either HER2 positive or HER2 negative with high levels of Ki-67. Luminal B cancers generally grow slightly faster than luminal A cancers and their prognosis is slightly worse.
Triple-negative/basal-like breast cancer is hormone-receptor negative (estrogen-receptor and progesterone-receptor negative) and HER2 negative. This type of cancer is more common in women with BRCA1 gene mutations. Researchers aren’t sure why, but this type of cancer also is more common among younger and African-American women.
HER2-enriched breast cancer is hormone-receptor negative (estrogen-receptor and progesterone-receptor negative) and HER2 positive. HER2-enriched cancers tend to grow faster than luminal cancers and can have a worse prognosis, but they are often successfully treated with targeted therapies aimed at the HER2 protein, such as Enhertu (chemical name: fam-trastuzumab-deruxtecan-nxki), Herceptin (chemical name: trastuzumab), Perjeta (chemical name: pertuzumab), Tykerb (chemical name: lapatinib), Nerlynx (chemical name: neratinib), and Kadcyla (chemical name: T-DM1 or ado-trastuzumab emtansine).
Normal-like breast cancer is similar to luminal A disease: hormone-receptor positive (estrogen-receptor and/or progesterone-receptor positive), HER2 negative, and has low levels of the protein Ki-67, which helps control how fast cancer cells grow. Still, while normal-like breast cancer has a good prognosis, its prognosis is slightly worse than luminal A cancer’s prognosis.

原文链接：https://www.breastcancer.org/symptoms/types/molecular-subtypes