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光知道SpringBoot,不用thymeleaf就太不对了

光知道SpringBoot,不用thymeleaf就太不对了

作者: java架构师联盟 | 来源:发表于2020-12-21 17:05 被阅读0次

    之前的时候,我为了演示Linux配置提交项目执行环境,简单的整理了一下springboot得相关内容,但是在实际的开发过程中,SpringBoot得使用可不仅仅就是这一点点遍历而已,在SpringBoot中推荐使用thymeleaf模板引擎,简单点评价这个模板就是语法简单,功能更强大虽然这个技术现在已经停止更新,并且在这个前后端分离的时代显得有点格格不入,但是,在某些实际的生产场景中,还是相当好用的

    所以今天我们来看一下这个强大得模板引擎到底有多强大

    公众号:Java架构师联盟,后期会开放git仓库地址

    添加thymeleaf模板

    这里有两种创建方式

    1.新建springBoot项目

    只需要在创建springboot项目的时候,添加thymeleaf即可

    光知道SpringBoot,不用thymeleaf就太不对了

    2.已经创建得项目中加入thymeleaf模板引擎 要想引入thymeleaf,只需要在pom.xml文件中加入如下依赖就可以了,但是有一个注意点,我在代码注释中解释了

    光知道SpringBoot,不用thymeleaf就太不对了

    <pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n34080" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">

    <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
    <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>


    <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    </pre>

    项目编写

    在controller中定义跳转的页面

    代码架构:

    之前的时候我说过,入口类会自动寻找子包或者平行类,所以初学者要注意以下这个点哦

    我这是沿用之前的时候写的代码,直接创建了一个thymeleaf展示今天的内容

    光知道SpringBoot,不用thymeleaf就太不对了

    <pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n34088" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">package com.example.demo.thymeleaf;

    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

    import java.util.Map;

    /**

    • @author :biws
    • @date :Created in 2020/12/18 19:43
    • @description:在controller中定义跳转页面
      */

      @Controller
      public class HelloController {

      @RequestMapping("hello")
      @ResponseBody
      public String hello() {
      return "这是第二种搭建springboot方式";
      }

      @RequestMapping("testThymeleaf")
      public String testThymeleaf(Map map) {

      map.put("info", "这是从controller传到前端界面得数据");
      return "index";
      }

      }</pre>

    这是第一个优点:会自动去templates文件夹下去找index.html

    光知道SpringBoot,不用thymeleaf就太不对了

    4.运行,然后访问项目

    输入http://localhost:8080/testThymeleaf即可访问index.html

    光知道SpringBoot,不用thymeleaf就太不对了

    奥对,忘记把index得代码添加上来了

    <pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n34097" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
    <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>测试thymeleaf模板</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <p>欢迎来到测试thymeleaf界面</p>


    <p th:text="${info}"></p>
    </body>
    </html></pre>

    大家可能已经发现了

    我在这个代码中模拟前端返回数据,直接存储到map中,因为在写一个界面有点费劲,毕竟像我这种懒癌患者,哈哈哈哈

    光知道SpringBoot,不用thymeleaf就太不对了

    而在index中,获取数据之后,通过info这个id进行获取

    光知道SpringBoot,不用thymeleaf就太不对了

    最后展示的结果就是这样

    光知道SpringBoot,不用thymeleaf就太不对了

    而区别于传统得数据获取方式,thymeleaf有其自己得标签语法,那我们来看一下都有哪些标签语法呢?

    thymeleaf标签语法

    常用标签介绍

    光知道SpringBoot,不用thymeleaf就太不对了 光知道SpringBoot,不用thymeleaf就太不对了 光知道SpringBoot,不用thymeleaf就太不对了

    下面我整理几种常用得知识点

    几种常用的使用方法

    1、赋值、字符串拼接

    <pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n34120" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><p th:text="{collect.description}">description</p> <span th:text="'Welcome to our application, ' +{user.name} + '!'"></pre>

    字符串拼接还有另外一种简洁的写法

    <pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n34122" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><span th:text="|Welcome to our application, ${user.name}!|"></pre>

    2、条件判断 If/Unless

    Thymeleaf中使用th:if和th:unless属性进行条件判断,下面的例子中,<a>标签只有在th:if中条件成立时才显示:

    <pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n34125" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><a th:if="{myself=='yes'}" > </i> </a> <a th:unless={session.user != null} th:href="@{/login}" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Login</a></pre>

    th:unless与th:if恰好相反,只有表达式中的条件不成立,才会显示其内容。

    也可以使用 (if) ? (then) : (else) 这种语法来判断显示的内容

    3、for 循环

    <pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n34129" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><tr th:each="collect,iterStat : {collects}"> <th scope="row" th:text="{collect.id}">1</th>
    <td >
    <img th:src="{collect.webLogo}"/> </td> <td th:text="{collect.url}">Mark</td>
    <td th:text="{collect.title}">Otto</td> <td th:text="{collect.description}">@mdo</td>
    <td th:text="${terStat.index}">index</td>
    </tr></pre>

    iterStat称作状态变量,属性有:

    index:当前迭代对象的index(从0开始计算)

    count: 当前迭代对象的index(从1开始计算)

    size:被迭代对象的大小

    current:当前迭代变量

    even/odd:布尔值,当前循环是否是偶数/奇数(从0开始计算)

    first:布尔值,当前循环是否是第一个

    last:布尔值,当前循环是否是最后一个

    4、URL

    URL在Web应用模板中占据着十分重要的地位,需要特别注意的是Thymeleaf对于URL的处理是通过语法@{…}来处理的。 如果需要Thymeleaf对URL进行渲染,那么务必使用th:href,th:src等属性,下面是一个例子

    <pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n34141" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">
    <a th:href="@{/standard/{type}(type=${type})}" rel="external nofollow" >view</a>


    <a href="details.html" rel="external nofollow" th:href="@{/order/{orderId}/details(orderId=${o.id})}" rel="external nofollow" >view</a></pre>

    5、使用thymeleaf布局

    使用thymeleaf布局非常的方便

    <pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n34144" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">
    <footer th:fragment="copy">
    © 2016
    </footer>

    <body>
    <div th:include="footer :: copy"></div>
    <div th:replace="footer :: copy"></div>
    </body>

    <body>
    <div> © 2016 </div>
    <footer>© 2016 </footer>
    </body></pre>

    下面是一个常用的后台页面布局,将整个页面分为头部,尾部、菜单栏、隐藏栏,点击菜单只改变content区域的页面

    <pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n34148" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><body class="layout-fixed">
    <div th:fragment="navbar" class="wrapper" role="navigation">
    <div th:replace="fragments/header :: header">Header</div>
    <div th:replace="fragments/left :: left">left</div>
    <div th:replace="fragments/sidebar :: sidebar">sidebar</div>
    <div layout:fragment="content" id="content" ></div>
    <div th:replace="fragments/footer :: footer">footer</div>
    </div>
    </body></pre>

    任何页面想使用这样的布局值只需要替换中间的 content模块即可

    <pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n34150" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org" layout:decorator="layout">
    <body>
    <section layout:fragment="content">
    ...</pre>

    也可以在引用模版的时候传参

    <pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n34152" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><head th:include="layout :: htmlhead" th:with="title='Hello'"></head>

    th:fragment="copy"]</pre>

    好啦,一些基础得应用这里基本全涵盖了,一定要去好好练习一下啊

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