私有属性类 Person.m文件
#import "Person.h"

@interface Person ()

@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *name;

@property (nonatomic, strong) NSNumber *age;

@property (nonatomic, assign) BOOL gender;

@end

@implementation Person

- (NSString *)description {
return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@-%@-%d",_name,_age,_gender];
}

@end

Person *person = [Person new];

unsigned int count = 0;

Ivar *members = class_copyIvarList([Person class], &count);//获取的倒序属性列表
for (int i = 0; i < count; i ++) {
    const char *memberName = ivar_getName(members[i]);
    NSLog(@"%s",memberName);//属性名带有_前缀，例如_name
    
    Ivar m_name = members[i];

pragma mark -----修改私有属性的值1

    object_setIvar(person, m_name, @1);//设置时，对象和基本类型不能相互赋值
    NSLog(@"%@",[person description]);
}

pragma mark -----修改私有属性的值2

[person setValue:@"zhangsan" forKey:@"name"];
[person setValue:@"nihao" forKey:@"gender"];//给基本属性赋值对象，不起作用

NSLog(@"%@",[person description]);

objc_property_t *member = class_copyPropertyList([Person class], &count);//正序属性列表

for (int i = 0; i < count; i ++) {
    const char *memberName = property_getName(member[i]);
    NSLog(@"%s",memberName);// 打印原始属性名

    
}