1.检查OPENSSL 版本
[root@xag129 src]# pwd
/usr/local/src
[root@xag129 src]# openssl version -a
OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips 26 Jan 2017
built on: reproducible build, date unspecified
platform: linux-x86_64
options: bn(64,64) md2(int) rc4(16x,int) des(idx,cisc,16,int) idea(int) blowfish(idx)
...
OPENSSLDIR: "/etc/pki/tls"
1.0.1以上的版本支持 TLS1.2
1.1.1以上的版本支持 TLS1.3
2.查看openssl的配置文件openssl.cnf的存放位置（即openssl的安装位置
[root@xag129 src]# openssl version -a
OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips 26 Jan 2017
...
OPENSSLDIR: "/etc/pki/tls"
3.查看openssl的配置文件openssl.cnf
[root@xag129 src]# vim /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf
4.创建为根证书CA所需的目录及文件
#根据配置文件信息，到CA根目录，若没有则自己创建
cd /etc/pki/CA
#创建配置文件信息中所需的目录及文件
mkdir -pv {certs,crl,newcerts,private}
touch {serial,index.txt}
- 指明证书的开始编号
[root@xag129 CA]# echo 01 >> serial
[root@xag129 CA]# cat serial
01
6.生成根证书的私钥（注意：私钥的文件名与存放位置要与配置文件中的设置相匹配）--對外使用
[root@xag129 CA]#
openssl genrsa -aes256 -out /etc/pki/CA/private/cakey.pem 2048
Enter pass phrase for /etc/pki/CA/private/cakey.pem:
输入：ca123456
7.生成自签证书，即根证书CA，自签证书的存放位置也要与配置文件中的设置相匹配，生成证书时需要填写相应的信息
[root@xag129 CA]# openssl req -new -x509 -key /etc/pki/CA/private/cakey.pem -out cacert.pem -days 3650
Enter pass phrase for /etc/pki/CA/private/cakey.pem:
输入：ca123456
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) []:GuangDong
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:zhuhai
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:XagCompany
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:IT
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:xagca
Email Address []:xuaiguo@163.com
or （推建）
openssl req -new -x509 -key /etc/pki/CA/private/cakey.pem -out cacert.pem -days 3650 -subj "/C=CN/ST=GuangDong/L=zhuhai/O=XagCompany/OU=IT/CN=xagca/emailAddress=xuaiguo@163.com"
[root@xag129 CA]# ls ca*
cacert.pem
-----------以上已完成根证书的处理--------------
-----------开始后续其他需求证书的颁发---------
8.颁发WEB服务器证书
8.1 在需要证书的服务器上，生成证书签署请求
--生成私钥，该私钥的位置可随意定
[root@xag129 server_cer]# pwd
/usr/local/src/server_cer
[root@xag129 server_cer]# openssl genrsa -out web129.key 2048
[root@xag129 server_cer]# ls
web129.key
8.2 生成证书签署请求
[root@xag129 server_cer]# openssl req -new -key web129.key -out web129.csr -days 3650
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) []:GuangDong
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:zhuhai
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:XagCompany
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:IT
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:192.168.40.129
Email Address []:xuaiguo@163.com
Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:回车
An optional company name []:回车
8.3 在根证书服务器上，颁发证书
[root@xag129 server_cer]# mkdir /etc/pki/CA/req
[root@xag129 server_cer]# cp web129.csr /etc/pki/CA/req/
[root@xag129 server_cer]# ls /etc/pki/CA/req/
web129.csr
#颁发证书
[root@xag129 CA]#
openssl ca -in /etc/pki/CA/req/web129.csr -out /etc/pki/CA/certs/web129.crt -days 3650
Using configuration from /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf
Enter pass phrase for /etc/pki/CA/private/cakey.pem:输入ca123456
Check that the request matches the signature
Signature ok
Certificate Details:
Serial Number: 1 (0x1)
Validity
Not Before: Jun 29 09:17:54 2021 GMT
Not After : Jun 27 09:17:54 2031 GMT
Subject:
countryName = CN
stateOrProvinceName = GuangDong
organizationName = XagCompany
organizationalUnitName = IT
commonName = web129
emailAddress = xuaiguo@163.com
X509v3 extensions:
X509v3 Basic Constraints:
CA:FALSE
Netscape Comment:
OpenSSL Generated Certificate
X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:
BF:DA:C2:43:FF:3C:AE:BA:D4:31:30:C7:00:90:FD:EF:44:A3:47:33
X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:
keyid:E4:CD:7B:5E:FC:1C:3C:11:02:9D:38:66:ED:58:33:E1:52:12:09:20
Certificate is to be certified until Jun 27 09:17:54 2031 GMT (3650 days)
Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y
1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y
Write out database with 1 new entries
Data Base Updated
#查看证书信息
[root@xag129 CA]#
openssl x509 -in /etc/pki/CA/certs/web129.crt -noout -serial -subject
-------------------------
serial=01
subject= /C=CN/ST=GuangDong/O=XagCompany/OU=IT/CN=web129/emailAddress=xuaiguo@163.com
-------------------------
[root@xag129 CA]# ls /etc/pki/CA/certs/
web129.crt
8.123(取代8.1 到 8.3)
mkdir /etc/pki/CA/req
mkdir /etc/pki/CA/webprivate
#生成請求文件
[root@xag221 CA]#
openssl req -out /etc/pki/CA/req/web129.csr -new -sha256 -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout /etc/pki/CA/webprivate/web129.key -subj "/C=CN/ST=GuangDong/L=zhuhai/O=XagCompany/OU=IT/CN=192.168.40.129/emailAddress=xuaiguo@163.com"
#颁 发自 签 域名 129 证书， 面向 用户 端 的 域名 证书
openssl x509 -req -in /etc/pki/CA/req/web129.csr -out /etc/pki/CA/certs/web129.crt -CA /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem -CAkey /etc/pki/CA/private/cakey.pem -CAcreateserial -days 3650
8.4 格式转换为pfx格式的私钥
[root@xag129 CA]#
openssl pkcs12 -export -out /etc/pki/CA/certs/web129.pfx -inkey /usr/local/src/server_cer/web129.key -in /etc/pki/CA/certs/web129.crt
Enter Export Password:123456
[root@xag129 CA]# ls /etc/pki/CA/certs/
web129.crt web129.pfx
8.5 格式转换为cer格式的公钥
[root@xag129 certs]# pwd
/etc/pki/CA/certs
#格式转换为cer格式的公钥
[root@xag129 certs]# openssl x509 -inform pem -in web129.crt -outform der -out web129.cer
[root@xag129 certs]# ls
web129.cer web129.crt web129.pfx
[root@xag129 certs]# openssl x509 -in web129.cer -text -noout
unable to load certificate
139740962715536:error:0906D06C:PEM routines:PEM_read_bio:no start line:pem_lib.c:707:Expecting: TRUSTED CERTIFICATE
#若上面报unable to load certificate 错误，则说明你打开的证书编码是der格式，需要用以下命令
[root@xag129 certs]# openssl x509 -in web129.cer -inform der -text -noout
Certificate:
Data:
Version: 3 (0x2)
Serial Number: 1 (0x1)
Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
Issuer: C=CN, ST=GuangDong, L=zhuhai, O=XagCompany, OU=IT, CN=xagca/emailAddress=xuaiguo@163.com
Validity
Not Before: Jun 29 09:17:54 2021 GMT
Not After : Jun 27 09:17:54 2031 GMT
Subject: C=CN, ST=GuangDong, O=XagCompany, OU=IT, CN=web129/emailAddress=xuaiguo@163.com
Subject Public Key Info:
Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption
Public-Key: (2048 bit)
Modulus:
00:c3:2a:01: ......... :f5:1b:96:09
Exponent: 65537 (0x10001)
X509v3 extensions:
X509v3 Basic Constraints:
CA:FALSE
Netscape Comment:
OpenSSL Generated Certificate
X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:
BF:DA:C2:43:FF:3C:AE:BA:D4:31:30:C7:00:90:FD:EF:44:A3:47:33
X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:
keyid:E4:CD:7B:5E:FC:1C:3C:11:02:9D:38:66:ED:58:33:E1:52:12:09:20
Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
45:40:e3:98:1a:............:48:ee
9.1 测试 java 读取 web129.pfx
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.PrivateKey;
import java.security.PublicKey;
import java.security.cert.Certificate;
import java.util.Enumeration;
public class ReadPFX {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String strPfx = "C:\\Users\\新建文件夹\\web129.pfx";
String strPassword = "123456";
KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance("PKCS12");
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(strPfx);
// If the keystore password is empty(""), then we have to set
// to null, otherwise it won't work!!!
char[] nPassword = null;
if ((strPassword == null) || strPassword.trim().equals("")) {
nPassword = null;
} else {
nPassword = strPassword.toCharArray();
}
ks.load(fis, nPassword);
fis.close();
System.out.println("keystore type=" + ks.getType());
// Now we loop all the aliases, we need the alias to get keys.
// It seems that this value is the "Friendly name" field in the
// detals tab <-- Certificate window <-- view <-- Certificate
// Button <-- Content tab <-- Internet Options <-- Tools menu
// In MS IE 6.
Enumeration enumas = ks.aliases();
String keyAlias = null;
if (enumas.hasMoreElements())// we are readin just one certificate.
{
keyAlias = (String) enumas.nextElement();
System.out.println("alias=[" + keyAlias + "]");
}
// Now once we know the alias, we could get the keys.
System.out.println();
System.out.println("is key entry=" + ks.isKeyEntry(keyAlias));
PrivateKey prikey = (PrivateKey) ks.getKey(keyAlias, nPassword);
Certificate cert = ks.getCertificate(keyAlias);
PublicKey pubkey = cert.getPublicKey();
System.out.println("cert class = " + cert.getClass().getName());
System.out.println("cert = " + cert);
System.out.println("public key = " + pubkey);
System.out.println("private key = " + prikey);
}
}
9.2 读取web129.cer文件
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.security.cert.CertificateFactory;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
public class ReadCER {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
CertificateFactory certificateFactory = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509");
FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream("C:\\Users\\admin\\Desktop\\新建文件夹\\test.cer");
X509Certificate cer = (X509Certificate)certificateFactory.generateCertificate(fileInputStream);
fileInputStream.close();
System.out.println("读取Cer证书信息...");
System.out.println("cer_序列号___:"+cer.getSerialNumber());
System.out.println("cer_发布方标识名___:"+cer.getIssuerDN().getName());
System.out.println("cer_主体标识___:"+cer.getSubjectDN());
System.out.println("cer_证书算法OID字符串___:"+cer.getSigAlgOID());
System.out.println("cer_证书有效期___:" + cer.getNotBefore() + "~" + cer.getNotAfter());
System.out.println("cer_签名算法___:"+cer.getSigAlgName());
System.out.println("cer_版本号___:"+cer.getVersion());
System.out.println("cer_公钥___:"+cer.getPublicKey());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
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