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popupWindow的用法详解和简单封装

popupWindow的用法详解和简单封装

作者: nodzhang | 来源:发表于2018-07-26 16:30 被阅读49次
    popupwindow的一种应用,下拉菜单

    在Android中弹出式菜单(以下称弹窗)是使用十分广泛一种菜单呈现的方式,弹窗为用户交互提供了便利。关于弹窗的实现大致有以下两种方式AlertDialog和PopupWindow;
    两者的区别:AlertDialog弹窗在位置显示上是固定的,而PopupWindow则相对比较随意,能够在主屏幕上的任意位置显示;

    PopupWindow的使用

    其实PopupWindow的使用非常简单,总的来说分为两步:

    • 1、调用PopupWindow的构造器创建PopupWindow对象,并完成一些初始化设置。
    • 2、调用PopupWindow的showAsDropDown(View view)将PopupWindow作为View组件的下拉组件显示出来;或调用PopupWindow的showAtLocation()方法将PopupWindow在指定位置显示出来。

    简单用法

         // 用于PopupWindow的View
         View contentView=LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(layoutRes, null, false);
         // 创建PopupWindow对象,其中:
         // 第一个参数是用于PopupWindow中的View,第二个参数是PopupWindow的宽度,
         // 第三个参数是PopupWindow的高度,第四个参数指定PopupWindow能否获得焦点
         PopupWindow window=new PopupWindow(contentView, 100, 100, true);
         // 设置PopupWindow的背景
         window.setBackgroundDrawable(new ColorDrawable(Color.TRANSPARENT));
         // 设置PopupWindow是否能响应外部点击事件
         window.setOutsideTouchable(true);
         // 设置PopupWindow是否能响应点击事件
         window.setTouchable(true);
         // 显示PopupWindow,其中:
         // 第一个参数是PopupWindow的锚点,第二和第三个参数分别是PopupWindow相对锚点的x、y偏移
         window.showAsDropDown(anchor, xoff, yoff);
         // 或者也可以调用此方法显示PopupWindow,其中:
         // 第一个参数是PopupWindow的父View,第二个参数是PopupWindow相对父View的位置,
         // 第三和第四个参数分别是PopupWindow相对父View的x、y偏移
         // window.showAtLocation(parent, gravity, x, y);
    

    这就是基本的实现步骤,结合注释很容易看懂。我们传入了一个contentView这是要显示的View,showAsDropDown中的anchor是我们要显示view的参照物,其中xoff,yoff可以直接省略,这样就默认显示在anchor的下面。当然也可以对其进行相应的设置以在不同位置显示,囊括了水平和垂直方向各5种显示方式:

    水平方向:
    ALIGN_LEFT:在锚点内部的左边;
    ALIGN_RIGHT:在锚点内部的右边;
    CENTER_HORI:在锚点水平中部;
    TO_RIGHT:在锚点外部的右边;
    TO_LEFT:在锚点外部的左边。
    垂直方向:
    ALIGN_ABOVE:在锚点内部的上方;
    ALIGN_BOTTOM:在锚点内部的下方;
    CENTER_VERT:在锚点垂直中部;
    TO_BOTTOM:在锚点外部的下方;
    TO_ABOVE:在锚点外部的上方。
    

    这里需要注意:

        window.setBackgroundDrawable(new ColorDrawable(Color.TRANSPARENT));
        window.setOutsideTouchable(true);
    

    只有同时设置PopupWindow的背景和可以响应外部点击事件,它才能“真正”响应外部点击事件。也就是说,当你点击PopupWindow的外部或者按下“Back”键时,PopupWindow才会消失。
    showAtLocation这里是可以设置其相对参照view的x,y便宜量,使用方法简单就不写代码实现了。

    链式封装

    为了使用方便,参考晚上的例子,对其进行了链式封装,直接上代码:

    public class BasePopupWindow {
        private Context mContext;
        private int mWidth;
        private int mHeight;
        private boolean mIsFocusable = true;
        private boolean mIsOutside = true;
        private int mResLayoutId = -1;
        private View mContentView;
        private PopupWindow mPopupWindow;
        private int mAnimationStyle = -1;
    
        private boolean mClippEnable = true;//default is true
        private boolean mIgnoreCheekPress = false;
        private int mInputMode = -1;
        private PopupWindow.OnDismissListener mOnDismissListener;
        private int mSoftInputMode = -1;
        private boolean mTouchable = true;//default is ture
        private View.OnTouchListener mOnTouchListener;
    
        private BasePopupWindow(Context context) {
            mContext = context;
        }
    
        public int getWidth() {
            return mWidth;
        }
    
        public int getHeight() {
            return mHeight;
        }
    
        public boolean isShow() {
            return mPopupWindow != null && mPopupWindow.isShowing();
        }
    
        /**
         * @param anchor
         * @param xOff
         * @param yOff
         * @return
         */
        public BasePopupWindow showAsDropDown(View anchor, int xOff, int yOff) {
            if (mPopupWindow != null) {
                mPopupWindow.showAsDropDown(anchor, xOff, yOff);
            }
            return this;
        }
    
        public BasePopupWindow showAsDropDown(View anchor) {
            if (mPopupWindow != null) {
                //兼容7.1以上手机失效问题
                if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
                    Rect rect = new Rect();
                    anchor.getGlobalVisibleRect(rect);
                    //测量
                    DisplayMetrics dm = new DisplayMetrics();
                    WindowManager windowManager = (WindowManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE);
                    windowManager.getDefaultDisplay().getRealMetrics(dm);
                    int heightPixels = dm.heightPixels;
                    int h = heightPixels - rect.bottom;
                    mPopupWindow.setHeight(h);
                }
                mPopupWindow.showAsDropDown(anchor);
            }
            return this;
        }
    
        @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT)
        public BasePopupWindow showAsDropDown(View anchor, int xOff, int yOff, int gravity) {
            if (mPopupWindow != null) {
                mPopupWindow.showAsDropDown(anchor, xOff, yOff, gravity);
            }
            return this;
        }
    
    
        /**
         * 相对于父控件的位置(通过设置Gravity.CENTER,下方Gravity.BOTTOM等 ),可以设置具体位置坐标
         *
         * @param parent
         * @param gravity
         * @param x       the popup's x location offset
         * @param y       the popup's y location offset
         * @return
         */
        public BasePopupWindow showAtLocation(View parent, int gravity, int x, int y) {
            if (mPopupWindow != null) {
                mPopupWindow.showAtLocation(parent, gravity, x, y);
            }
            return this;
        }
    
        /**
         * 添加一些属性设置
         *
         * @param popupWindow
         */
        private void apply(PopupWindow popupWindow) {
            popupWindow.setClippingEnabled(mClippEnable);
            if (mIgnoreCheekPress) {
                popupWindow.setIgnoreCheekPress();
            }
            if (mInputMode != -1) {
                popupWindow.setInputMethodMode(mInputMode);
            }
            if (mSoftInputMode != -1) {
                popupWindow.setSoftInputMode(mSoftInputMode);
            }
            if (mOnDismissListener != null) {
                popupWindow.setOnDismissListener(mOnDismissListener);
            }
            if (mOnTouchListener != null) {
                popupWindow.setTouchInterceptor(mOnTouchListener);
            }
            popupWindow.setTouchable(mTouchable);
    
    
        }
    
        private PopupWindow build() {
    
            if (mContentView == null) {
                mContentView = LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(mResLayoutId, null);
            }
    
            if (mWidth != 0 && mHeight != 0) {
                mPopupWindow = new PopupWindow(mContentView, mWidth, mHeight);
            } else {
                mPopupWindow = new PopupWindow(mContentView, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
            }
            if (mAnimationStyle != -1) {
                mPopupWindow.setAnimationStyle(mAnimationStyle);
            }
    
            apply(mPopupWindow);//设置一些属性
    
            mPopupWindow.setFocusable(mIsFocusable);
            mPopupWindow.setBackgroundDrawable(new ColorDrawable());
            mPopupWindow.setOutsideTouchable(mIsOutside);
    
            if (mWidth == 0 || mHeight == 0) {
                mPopupWindow.getContentView().measure(View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
                //如果外面没有设置宽高的情况下,计算宽高并赋值
                mWidth = mPopupWindow.getContentView().getMeasuredWidth();
                mHeight = mPopupWindow.getContentView().getMeasuredHeight();
            }
    
    
            mPopupWindow.update();
    
            return mPopupWindow;
        }
    
        /**
         * 关闭popWindow
         */
        public void dissmiss() {
            if (mPopupWindow != null) {
                mPopupWindow.dismiss();
            }
        }
    
    
        public static class PopupWindowBuilder {
            private BasePopupWindow mHwbPopWindow;
    
            public PopupWindowBuilder(Context context) {
                mHwbPopWindow = new BasePopupWindow(context);
            }
    
            public PopupWindowBuilder size(int width, int height) {
                mHwbPopWindow.mWidth = width;
                mHwbPopWindow.mHeight = height;
                return this;
            }
    
    
            public PopupWindowBuilder setFocusable(boolean focusable) {
                mHwbPopWindow.mIsFocusable = focusable;
                return this;
            }
    
    
            public PopupWindowBuilder setView(int resLayoutId) {
                mHwbPopWindow.mResLayoutId = resLayoutId;
                mHwbPopWindow.mContentView = null;
                return this;
            }
    
            public PopupWindowBuilder setView(View view) {
                mHwbPopWindow.mContentView = view;
                mHwbPopWindow.mResLayoutId = -1;
                return this;
            }
    
            public PopupWindowBuilder setOutsideTouchable(boolean outsideTouchable) {
                mHwbPopWindow.mIsOutside = outsideTouchable;
                return this;
            }
    
            /**
             * 设置弹窗动画
             *
             * @param animationStyle
             * @return
             */
            public PopupWindowBuilder setAnimationStyle(int animationStyle) {
                mHwbPopWindow.mAnimationStyle = animationStyle;
                return this;
            }
    
    
            public PopupWindowBuilder setClippingEnable(boolean enable) {
                mHwbPopWindow.mClippEnable = enable;
                return this;
            }
    
    
            public PopupWindowBuilder setIgnoreCheekPress(boolean ignoreCheekPress) {
                mHwbPopWindow.mIgnoreCheekPress = ignoreCheekPress;
                return this;
            }
    
            public PopupWindowBuilder setInputMethodMode(int mode) {
                mHwbPopWindow.mInputMode = mode;
                return this;
            }
    
            public PopupWindowBuilder setOnDissmissListener(PopupWindow.OnDismissListener onDissmissListener) {
                mHwbPopWindow.mOnDismissListener = onDissmissListener;
                return this;
            }
    
    
            public PopupWindowBuilder setSoftInputMode(int softInputMode) {
                mHwbPopWindow.mSoftInputMode = softInputMode;
                return this;
            }
    
    
            public PopupWindowBuilder setTouchable(boolean touchable) {
                mHwbPopWindow.mTouchable = touchable;
                return this;
            }
    
            public PopupWindowBuilder setTouchIntercepter(View.OnTouchListener touchIntercepter) {
                mHwbPopWindow.mOnTouchListener = touchIntercepter;
                return this;
            }
    
    
            public BasePopupWindow create() {
                //构建PopWindow
                mHwbPopWindow.build();
                return mHwbPopWindow;
            }
    
        }
    
    }
    

    这里的关键是使用了静态内部类PopupWindowBuilder,利用他来封装了外部类BasePopupWindow的一些具体操作,暴露给外部的调用方法更简单,而且他的方法每次都返回他本身,这样我们就可以链式调用。
    外部使用方法:

     mPopupWindow = new BasePopupWindow .PopupWindowBuilder(getContext())
              .setView(contentView)
              .size(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT)
              .create()
              .showAsDropDown(this);
    

    这样使用方法就简洁多了。

    参考

    Android PopupWindow使用方法小结
    浅谈PopupWindow在Android开发中的使用

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