通过通讯录的案例了解SQLite数据库在开发中的应用,具体如下:
1.创建程序
创建一个名为Directory的应用程序,指定包名为com.czt.direcyory,设计用户交互界面,
对应的布局代码如下:
activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="@drawable/abc"
android:paddingBottom="16dp"
android:paddingLeft="16dp"
android:paddingRight="16dp"
android:paddingTop="16dp"
tools:context=".MainActivity">
<LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/ll_name"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_above="@+id/ll_phone"
android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/ll_btn"
android:layout_alignStart="@+id/ll_btn"
>
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textSize="18sp"
android:text="姓名:"
/>
<EditText
android:id="@+id/et_name"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textSize="16sp"
android:text="请输入姓名"
/>
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/ll_phone"
android:layout_marginBottom="10dp"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_above="@+id/ll_btn"
android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/ll_name"
android:layout_alignStart="@+id/ll_name"
>
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textSize="18sp"
android:text="电话:"
/>
<EditText
android:id="@+id/et_phone"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textSize="16sp"
android:text="请输入手机号码"
/>
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/ll_btn"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_centerVertical="true"
>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn_add"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:textSize="18sp"
android:background="#b9b9ff"
android:layout_marginRight="2dp"
android:text="添加"
/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn_query"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:textSize="18sp"
android:background="#dcb5ff"
android:layout_marginRight="2dp"
android:text="查询"
/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn_update"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:textSize="18sp"
android:background="#e6caff"
android:layout_marginRight="2dp"
android:text="修改"
/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn_delete"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:textSize="18sp"
android:background="#acd6ff"
android:text="删除"
/>
</LinearLayout>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/tv_show"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="25dp"
android:layout_below="@+id/ll_btn"
android:textSize="20sp"/>
</RelativeLayout>
2.编写界面交互代码
接下来需要在MainActivity里面编写代码,用于实现联系人信息的添加、查询、修改和删除,单击“查询”按钮之后会将联系人的具体信息进行展示,具体代码如下:
MainActivity.java
package com.czt.direcyory;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
MyHelper myHelper;
private EditText mEtName;
private EditText mEtPhone;
private TextView mTvShow;
private Button mBtnAdd;
private Button mBtnQuery;
private Button mBtnUpdate;
private Button mBtnDelete;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
myHelper = new MyHelper(this);
init(); //初始化控件
}
private void init(){
mEtName = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_name);
mEtPhone = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_phone);
mTvShow = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_show);
mBtnAdd = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_add);
mBtnQuery = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_query);
mBtnUpdate = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_update);
mBtnDelete = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_delete);
mBtnAdd.setOnClickListener(this);
mBtnQuery.setOnClickListener(this);
mBtnUpdate.setOnClickListener(this);
mBtnDelete.setOnClickListener(this);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
String name;
String phone;
SQLiteDatabase db;
ContentValues values;
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.btn_add: //添加数据
name = mEtName.getText().toString();
phone = mEtPhone.getText().toString();
db = myHelper.getWritableDatabase(); //获取可读写SQLiteDatabase对象
values = new ContentValues(); //创建ContentValues对象
values.put("name",name);
values.put("phone",phone);
db.insert("information",null,values);
Toast.makeText(this,"信息已添加",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
db.close();
break;
case R.id.btn_query:
db = myHelper.getReadableDatabase();
Cursor cursor = db.query("information",null,null,null,null,null,null);
if (cursor.getCount() == 0){
mTvShow.setText("");
Toast.makeText(this,"没有数据",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
else {
cursor.moveToFirst();
mTvShow.setText("Name:"+cursor.getString(1)+";Tel:"+cursor.getString(2));
}
while (cursor.moveToNext()){
mTvShow.append("\n" + "Name:" + cursor.getString(1)+";Tel:" + cursor.getString(2));
}
cursor.close();
db.close();
break;
case R.id.btn_update: //修改数据
db = myHelper.getWritableDatabase();
values = new ContentValues();
values.put("phone", phone = mEtPhone.getText().toString());
db.update("information",values,"name = ?",
new String[]{mEtName.getText().toString()}); //更新并得到行数
Toast.makeText(this,"信息已修改",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
db.close();
break;
case R.id.btn_delete://删除数据
db = myHelper.getWritableDatabase();
db.delete("information",null,null);
Toast.makeText(this,"信息已删除",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
mTvShow.setText("");
db.close();
break;
}
}
class MyHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper{
public MyHelper(Context context){
super(context,"itcast.db",null,1);
}
@Override
public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
db.execSQL("CREATE TABLE information(_id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,name VARCHAR(20),phone VARCHAR(20))");
}
@Override
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
}
}
}
上述代码中,首先创建一个SOLite数据库,当单击“添加”按钮时,会将输入的联系人信息展示到界面中,当单击“修改”按钮时,会根据姓名进行电话号码的修改;当单击“删除”按钮时,会将联系人信息清除。
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