2019-04-12 第四周作业

1. 查找/var目录下不属于root、lp、gdm的所有文件

• find /var -not ( -user root -o -user gdm -o -user lp ) -ls

2. 统计/etc/init.d/functions文件中每个单词的出现次数，并排序（用grep和sed两种方法分别实现）

• grep -Eo "[a-zA-Z]+" /etc/init.d/functions |sort|uniq -c|sort -nr
• sed -nr "s/[^[:alpha:]]+/\n/pg" /etc/init.d/functions|sort|uniq -c|sort -nr

3. 利用sed取出ifconfig命令中本机的IPv4地址
ifconfig eth0|sed -nr "s/.inet (addr:)?([^ ]+)./\1/p"

4. 总结yum的配置和使用，包括yum仓库的创建

1. yum的配置
   /etc/yum.conf yum的全局配置文件
   /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo yum仓库的配置文件都存放在这里
2. yum的使用

• yum install 安装包
• yum reinstall 重新安装包
• yum remove 移除包
• yum update 升级包
• yum downgrade 降级包
• yum check-update 检查可用升级
• yum info 查看包的信息
• yum provides 后面跟文件，可以查看此文件是哪个包提供的
• yum repolist 显示仓库列表
  -yum list 显示包列表
• yum search 搜索包
  -yum deplist 查看指定的包所依赖的包
• yum history 查看yum事物历史
  yum history [info|list|packages-list|packages-info| summary|addon-info|redo|undo|rollback|new|sync|stats]
  yum history redo 重做 yum history rollback 回滚 undo 撤销
• yum clean all 清除本地缓存，路径在/var/cache/yum/releasever里的文件
• yum group install 安装包组
• yum group remove 移除包组
• yum group list 显示包组
• yum group info 显示包组信息

3. yum 仓库的创建

• 在/etc/yum.repos.d/目录下创建后缀为.repo的文件
• [] 里面添加仓库的名字
• name= 可有可无，仓库的说明内容
• baseurl=仓库的路径
• gpgcheck= 1表示需要检查包的完整性，后面需要添加gpgkey=的路径，0代表不检查
• 仓库支持的变量：basearch=系统的平台：x86_64

5. 编写系统初始化脚本reset.sh ,包括别名，提示符，yum仓库

 #!/bin/bash
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH

#别名
echo 'alias vi='vim'' >> ~/.bashrc
echo 'alias yy='yum -y'' >> ~/.bashrc
echo 'alias scandisk='echo - - - > /sys/class/scsi_host/host2/scan'' >> ~/.bashrc

#提示符颜色
echo 'PS1="\[\e[1;41;33m\][\u@\h \W]\\$\[\e[0m\]"' >> /etc/profile.d/env.sh

#yum仓库
mkdir /etc/yum.repos.d/bak
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/bak
cat >> /etc/yum.repos.d/base.repo <<\EOF
[development]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[epel]
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7

#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - 163.com
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - 163.com
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
EOF

6. 安装tree,ftp,lftp,telnet等包
yum install tree ftp lftp telnet

7. 在centos7上编译安装apache2.4源码包，并启动服务

• wget https://www.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-2.4.39.tar.bz2
• tar xvf httpd-2.4.39.tar.bz2
• cd httpd-2.4.39
• ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache
• make && make install
• /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start