python3 selenium webdriver 元素定位-

各种xpath定位方法以及xpath轴定位

from selenium import webdriver
import time
from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from Common.baseui import baseUI

'''
该脚本主要学习各种不同xpath元素定位的方法以及xpath轴定位
'''


def test_jd_demo1(driver):
    driver.get("file:///C:/Users/52826/Desktop/index.html")
    # 1.依靠自己属性，文本定位
    text = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//a[contains(text(),'度娘')]")
    text.click()
    time.sleep(2)
    driver.back()
    time.sleep(2)


def test_jd_demo2(driver):
    driver.get("file:///C:/Users/52826/Desktop/index.html")
    # 1.混合型定位
    text1 = driver.find_element_by_xpath("(//div[contains(@type,'password')])[2]/a")
    text1.click()
    time.sleep(2)
    driver.back()
    time.sleep(2)


def test_jd_demo3(driver):
    driver.get("file:///C:/Users/52826/Desktop/index.html")
    # 1.following-sibling “选择当前节点之后的所有同级节点”
    text1 = driver.find_element_by_xpath("(//input[@type='checkbox']/following-sibling::input)[1]")
    time.sleep(2)
    text1.click()
    time.sleep(2)


def test_jd_demo4(driver):
    driver.get("file:///C:/Users/52826/Desktop/index.html")
    # 1.preceding-sibling的解释是“选取当前节点之前的所有同级节点”
    text1 = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//a[@href='http://www.dangdang.com/']/preceding-sibling::a")
    time.sleep(2)
    actions = ActionChains(driver)
    actions.key_down(Keys.CONTROL).click(text1).key_up(Keys.CONTROL).perform()
    time.sleep(2)


def test_jd_demo5(driver):
    driver.get("file:///C:/Users/52826/Desktop/index.html")
    # 1.last()的解释是“获取最后一个标签元素”
    text1 = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//a[last()]")  # //a[last()-1]  获取倒数第二个标签元素
    time.sleep(2)
    actions = ActionChains(driver)
    actions.key_down(Keys.CONTROL).click(text1).key_up(Keys.CONTROL).perform()
    time.sleep(2)


def test_jd_demo6(driver):
    driver.get("file:///C:/Users/52826/Desktop/index.html")
    # 1.starts-with的解释是“和字面意思一样就是以某某开头” 例如：//input[starts-with(@class,'xxx')]
    text1 = driver.find_element_by_xpath("(//a[starts-with(@href,'http://www.baidu.com')])[last()]")
    time.sleep(2)
    actions = ActionChains(driver)
    actions.key_down(Keys.CONTROL).click(text1).key_up(Keys.CONTROL).perform()
    time.sleep(2)
    # 获取页面的全部句柄
    handles = driver.window_handles
    # 循环遍历当前页面的句柄
    for handle in handles:
        time.sleep(2)
        # 循环跳转浏览器页面
        driver.switch_to_window(handle)
        # 获取页面的title
        title = driver.title
        # 判断预期值是否在title中, 满足就结束跳转,停留在当前页面
        if '新闻' in title:
            break
        time.sleep(2)

//ul[starts-with(@id,"menu")]/li[2]

starts-with的意思是判断是否以什么为起始

((//ul[@class="el-scrollbar__view el-select-dropdown__list"])[last()]//span)[1]

选择对应的下拉选项值 last()取最后一个 ul@class的最后一个里的span第一个

xpath轴定位

following 后面的任意节点
*following-sibling 后面的同级节点
preceding 前面的任意节点
*preceding-sibling 前面的同级节点
*parent 父节点
ancestor 所有先辈节点
*child 子节点
descendant 所有后代节点
self 节点自己

例如:(//span[contains(text(),'外层 Dialog')])[2]/following-sibling::button/i