iOS:用openGLES绘制各种常见图案(三角形，四边形，圆形

作者: Theendisthebegi | 来源:发表于2018-11-08 16:28 被阅读4次

首先是初始化openGL
设置layer

- (void)setupLayer
{
CAEAGLLayer *eaglLayer = (CAEAGLLayer *)self.layer;

// CALayer 默认是透明的，必须将它设为不透明才能让其可见
eaglLayer.opaque = YES;

// 设置描绘属性，在这里设置不维持渲染内容以及颜色格式为 RGBA8
eaglLayer.drawableProperties = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:
                                [NSNumber numberWithBool:YES], kEAGLDrawablePropertyRetainedBacking, kEAGLColorFormatRGBA8, kEAGLDrawablePropertyColorFormat, nil];
//设置放大倍数
[self setContentScaleFactor:[[UIScreen mainScreen] scale]];
}

设置上下文

- (void)setupContext{
// 指定 OpenGL 渲染 API 的版本，在这里我们使用 OpenGL ES 2.0
_context = [[EAGLContext alloc] initWithAPI:kEAGLRenderingAPIOpenGLES2];

 // 设置为当前上下文
if (!_context || ![EAGLContext setCurrentContext:_context]) {
    
    NSLog(@"Failed to initialize OpenGLES 2.0 context");
    
    exit(1);
}
}

设置缓冲区

- (void)setupBuffer{
glDeleteFramebuffers(1, &_viewFramebuffer);

_viewRenderbuffer = 0;

glDeleteRenderbuffers(1, &_viewRenderbuffer);

_viewRenderbuffer = 0;

glGenFramebuffers(1, &_viewFramebuffer);

glGenRenderbuffers(1, &_viewRenderbuffer);

// 设置为当前 framebuffer
glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, _viewFramebuffer);

glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, _viewRenderbuffer);

// 为 颜色缓冲区 分配存储空间
[_context renderbufferStorage:GL_RENDERBUFFER fromDrawable:(id<EAGLDrawable>)self.layer];

// 将 _colorRenderBuffer 装配到 GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0 这个装配点上
glFramebufferRenderbuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_RENDERBUFFER, _viewRenderbuffer);

glGetRenderbufferParameteriv(GL_RENDERBUFFER, GL_RENDERBUFFER_WIDTH, &_backingWidth);

glGetRenderbufferParameteriv(GL_RENDERBUFFER, GL_RENDERBUFFER_HEIGHT, &_backingHeight);
}

着色器配置文件：

#define VSH @"attribute vec4 Position;\
attribute vec4 SourceColor;\
varying vec4 DestinationColor;\
void main(void) {\
DestinationColor = SourceColor;\
gl_Position = Position;\
}"

#define FSH @"varying lowp vec4 DestinationColor;\
void main(void) {\
gl_FragColor = DestinationColor;\
}"

三角形和矩形的渲染

- (void)render {

glClearColor(0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0);

glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

CGFloat scale = [[UIScreen mainScreen] scale]; //获取视图放大倍数，可以把scale设置为1试试

glViewport(0, 0, self.frame.size.width * scale, self.frame.size.height * scale); //设置视口大小

//加载shader
self.myProgram = [self loadShaders:VSH frag:FSH];

//链接
glLinkProgram(self.myProgram);

GLint linkSuccess;

glGetProgramiv(self.myProgram, GL_LINK_STATUS, &linkSuccess);

if (linkSuccess == GL_FALSE) { //连接错误
    
    GLchar messages[256];
    
    glGetProgramInfoLog(self.myProgram, sizeof(messages), 0, &messages[0]);
    
    NSString *messageString = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:messages];
    
    NSLog(@"error:%@", messageString);
    
    return ;
    
}else {
    
    NSLog(@"link ok");
    
    glUseProgram(self.myProgram); //成功便使用，避免由于未使用导致的的bug
}

GLuint position = glGetAttribLocation(self.myProgram, "Position");

GLuint textCoor = glGetAttribLocation(self.myProgram, "SourceColor");

const GLfloat Vertices[] = {
    -0.5f,-0.5f,0,0,0,0,// 左下，黑色
    0.5f,-0.5f,0,1,0,0, // 右下，红色
    0.5f,0.5f,0,0,1,0,  // 右上，绿色
    -0.5f,0.5f,0,0,0,1, // 左上，蓝色
};

// 索引数组，指定好了绘制三角形的方式
// 与glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 4);一样。
const GLubyte Indices[] = {
    0,1,2, // 三角形0
    0,2,3  // 三角形1
};

GLuint vertexBuffer;

glGenBuffers(1, &vertexBuffer);
// 绑定vertexBuffer到GL_ARRAY_BUFFER目标
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vertexBuffer);
// 为VBO申请空间，初始化并传递数据
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(Vertices), Vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);

// 给_positionSlot传递vertices数据
glVertexAttribPointer(position, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(GLfloat) * 6, NULL);

glEnableVertexAttribArray(position);

// 取出Colors数组中的每个坐标点的颜色值，赋给_colorSlot
glVertexAttribPointer(textCoor, 4, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(GLfloat) * 6, (float *)NULL + 3);

glEnableVertexAttribArray(textCoor);

if (_drawType == 1) {
    // Draw triangle
    if (_isHollow) glDrawArrays(GL_LINE_LOOP, 0, 4);   //GL_LINE_LOOP不带填充
    
    else  glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, sizeof(Indices)/sizeof(Indices[0]), GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, Indices);
}else{

    glDrawArrays(_isHollow ? GL_LINE_LOOP : GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3);   //GL_LINE_LOOP不带填充
}

[self.context presentRenderbuffer:GL_RENDERBUFFER];
}

至于圆形，因为要把圆切割成100份，和矩形有些不一样

 - (void)renderCircular {

glClearColor(0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);

glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

CGFloat scale = [[UIScreen mainScreen] scale]; //获取视图放大倍数，可以把scale设置为1试试

glViewport(0, 0, self.frame.size.width * scale, self.frame.size.height * scale); //设置视口大小

//加载shader
self.myProgram = [self loadShaders:VSH frag:FSH];

//链接
glLinkProgram(self.myProgram);

GLint linkSuccess;

glGetProgramiv(self.myProgram, GL_LINK_STATUS, &linkSuccess);

if (linkSuccess == GL_FALSE) { //连接错误
    
    GLchar messages[256];
    
    glGetProgramInfoLog(self.myProgram, sizeof(messages), 0, &messages[0]);
    
    NSString *messageString = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:messages];
    
    NSLog(@"error:%@", messageString);
    
    return ;
    
}else {
    
    NSLog(@"link ok");
    
    glUseProgram(self.myProgram); //成功便使用，避免由于未使用导致的的bug
}

GLuint position = glGetAttribLocation(self.myProgram, "Position");

GLuint textCoor = glGetAttribLocation(self.myProgram, "SourceColor");

GLint vertCount = 101; //分割份数

Vertex vertext[vertCount];

float delta = 2.0*M_PI/vertCount;

float a = 0.8; //水平方向的半径
float b = a * self.frame.size.width / self.frame.size.height;

for (int i = 0; i < vertCount; i++) {
    GLfloat x = a * cos(delta * i);
    GLfloat y = b * sin(delta * i);
    GLfloat z = 0.0;
    vertext[i] = (Vertex){x, y, z, x, y, x+y};
    
    printf("%f , %f\n", x, y);
}

GLuint vertexBuffer;

glGenBuffers(1, &vertexBuffer);
// 绑定vertexBuffer到GL_ARRAY_BUFFER目标
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vertexBuffer);
// 为VBO申请空间，初始化并传递数据
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertext), vertext, GL_STATIC_DRAW);

// 给_positionSlot传递vertices数据
glVertexAttribPointer(position, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(GLfloat) * 6, NULL);

glEnableVertexAttribArray(position);

// 取出Colors数组中的每个坐标点的颜色值，赋给_colorSlot
glVertexAttribPointer(textCoor, 4, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(GLfloat) * 6, (float *)NULL + 3);

glEnableVertexAttribArray(textCoor);

glDrawArrays(_isHollow ? GL_LINE_LOOP : GL_TRIANGLE_FAN, 0, vertCount);//GL_LINE_LOOP 不带填充

[self.context presentRenderbuffer:GL_RENDERBUFFER];
}

效果图：