一直听说过Android自带的DownloadManager,只是拖延症发作,一直没有时间去研究研究,其实在很多项目开发中,都有一个功能是非常重要的,那就是应用的检查更新了!基于DownloadManager,可以做一个轻量级的下载器,将下载任务交给系统去执行,减轻自身APP的压力,何乐而不为呢?!
DownloadManager的基本使用姿势
通过getSystemService进行实例化
DownloadManager downloadManager = (DownloadManager)context.getSystemService(Context.DOWNLOAD_SERVICE);
构建下载请求
DownloadManager.Request request = new DownloadManager.Request(Uri.parse("目标文件下载地址"));
//设置目标文件夹,如果你想在系统的storage目录下载一个testDownload/test/test.apk
request.setDestinationInExternalPublicDir("testDownload", "test/test.apk");
//设置下载所需的网络环境,设置了移动网络和WiFi环境下均能下载 request.setAllowedNetworkTypes(DownloadManager.Request.NETWORK_MOBILE | DownloadManager.Request.NETWORK_WIFI);
//通知栏设置
//显示在通知栏
request.setNotificationVisibility(DownloadManager.Request.VISIBILITY_VISIBLE);
注意!!!如果选择不显示在通知栏,那么必须声明以下权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.DOWNLOAD_WITHOUT_NOTIFICATION" />
然后设置不可见
request.setNotificationVisibility(DownloadManager.Request.VISIBILITY_HIDDEN);
否则将会抛出一个securityException
//设置文件类型为apk类型,当downloadManager调用openFile时会唤起相应的程序
request.setMimeType("application/cn.trinea.download.file");
//开始下载,得到一个唯一的downloadId,大有用处
long downloadId = downloadManager.enqueue(request);
如何获取下载的情况呢
private int[] getBytesAndStatus(long downloadId) {
//构建一个数组,存放已下载文件大小、总大小、下载状态
int[] bytesAndStatus = new int[]{
-1, -1, 0
};
//通过构建下载请求时获得的downloadId进行文件查询
DownloadManager.Query query = new DownloadManager.Query().setFilterById(downloadId);
Cursor cursor = null;
try {
cursor = downloadManager.query(query);
if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
//已经下载文件大小
bytesAndStatus[0] = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(DownloadManager.COLUMN_BYTES_DOWNLOADED_SO_FAR));
//下载文件的总大小
bytesAndStatus[1] = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(DownloadManager.COLUMN_TOTAL_SIZE_BYTES));
//下载状态
bytesAndStatus[2] = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex(DownloadManager.COLUMN_STATUS));
}
} finally {
if (cursor != null) {
cursor.close();
}
}
return bytesAndStatus;
}
注册监听文件下载成功的广播
private BroadcastReceiver downloadCompleteReceiver;
downloadCompleteReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
//文件下载成功时
DownloadManager.Query query = new DownloadManager.Query();
//通过下载的id查找
query.setFilterById(downloadId);
Cursor c = downloadManager.query(query);
if (c.moveToFirst()) {
int status = c.getInt(c.getColumnIndex(DownloadManager.COLUMN_STATUS));
switch (status) {
//下载完成
case DownloadManager.STATUS_SUCCESSFUL:
break;
}
}
}
};
//注册,这里只能拦截文件下载成功的广播,并不能进行进度监听,在适当的地方取消订阅广播
context.registerReceiver(downloadCompleteReceiver,
new IntentFilter(DownloadManager.ACTION_DOWNLOAD_COMPLETE));
网上很多博客都是通过自定义ContentObserver获取本地文件变化,其实可以另辟蹊径,通过一个定时器间隔调用以上getBytesAndStatus(long downloadId)能达到同样的效果,用Rxjava实现一个简单的定时器
/**
* 由于DownloadManager自身没有提供实时进度的api,所以通过以下定时器获取已下载的文件大小
*/
private void updateProgress() {
//每隔0.5秒刷新一次进度,在适当的地方记得注销 timeDisposable
Disposable timeDisposable = Observable.interval(500, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS).subscribeOn(Schedulers.io())
.observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread()).subscribe(new DataConsumer<Long>() {
@Override
public void acceptData(@io.reactivex.annotations.NonNull Long aLong) {
int [ ] bytesAndStatus = getBytesAndStatus(downloadId);
//todo 在这里进行回调即可
}
});
}
了解完DownloadManager基本的使用方式,那么基于它来封装一个简单易用的下载器吧!
实现效果
DownloadHelper.Builder builder = new DownloadHelper.Builder(this).title("下载通知")
.description("正在下载新版本V1.2.0")
.downloadUrl("http://download.sj.qq.com/upload/connAssitantDownload/upload/MobileAssistant_1.apk")
.fileSaveName("MobileAssistant_1.apk").fileSavePath("testDownload")
.notifyVisible(true)
.fileType(DownloadHelper.FileType.APK).apkInstallHint(true).onProgressListener(new DownloadHelper.OnDownloadProgressListener() {
@Override
public void onProgress(int downloadedSize, int totalSize) {
int progress =(int)((downloadedSize*1.0f/totalSize)*100);
Logger.d("progress=%d",progress);
//进度回调
}
@Override
public void onSuccess(Uri fileUri) {
//文件下载成功回调的Uri
}
@Override
public void onFail() {
//文件下载失败
}
@Override
public void fileAlreadyExits(File file) {
//当你想重复下载同样的文件时,本地检测是否存在同样的文件,进行回调
}
});
DownloadHelper downloadHelper = builder.build();
//开始下载
downloadHelper.start();
//移除下载任务
downloadHelper.deleteDownloadFile();
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