KVC原理

作者: 全球通_2017 | 来源:发表于2021-08-05 19:32 被阅读0次

    一.KVC的setValue:forKey:底层执行

    1.优先查找setter方法
    先查找是否有setKey方法,如果没有,查找是否有_setKey方法,如果还没有找到,查找是否有setIsKey方法

    2.setter方法没有查找到,会调用 + (BOOL)accessInstanceVariablesDirectly方法,默认返回YES,表示可以直接通过实例变量设置值。
    如果返回YES,会查找实例变量,不过,它有查找优先级。先查找_key,没有找到,会查找_isKey,若没有找到,查找是否有key,如还没有找到,会查找isKey。找到实例变量,给这个实例变量设置值,若最后还没有找到,进入步骤3
    如果返回NO,进入步骤3

    3.以上都没有找到,执行 setValue:forUndefinedKey:方法
    3.1 如果没有重写该方法,会调用系统的,并抛出异常
    3.2 如果重写了,执行你重写的这个方法,将这种情况交由你来处理,不会抛出异常,中断程序。

    KVC设值流程图 KVC of setValue.jpeg

    二.KVC的valueForKey:底层执行

    1.优先查找getter方法
    先查找getKey,没有找到,查找key,如没有找到,继续查找isKey,以上还没有找到,会先查找_getKey,再查找_key。找到了执行该方法,并返回值。

    2.查找响应集合NSArray所有方法的代理对象
    先查找是否有countOfKey方法,若没有,直接进入步骤5。如果有countOfKey方法,继续查找是否有objectInKeyAtIndex:/ keyAtIndexes:方法,如果有,返回一个可以响应集合NSArray所有方法的代理对象(实际是一个NSKeyValueArray对象,它是NSArray的子类)。使用这个对象调用NSArray的所有方法,会转换为调用countOfKey方法、objectInKeyAtIndex:/ keyAtIndexes:方法组合的形式来创建键值编码对象。
    注意:
    1.如果objectInKeyAtIndex:、keyAtIndexes:方法都存在,调用objectAtIndex:方法,会触发objectInKeyAtIndex:方法,调用objectsAtIndexes:方法,会触发keyAtIndexes:方法。
    2.如果只有objectInKeyAtIndex:方法,调用objectAtIndex:objectsAtIndexes:方法,都会触发objectInKeyAtIndex:方法,只不过,调用objectsAtIndexes:方法返回的结果是空数组
    3.如果只有keyAtIndexes:方法,调用objectAtIndex:objectsAtIndexes:方法,都会触发keyAtIndexes:方法。

    3.查找响应集合NSSet所有方法的代理对象
    先查找是否有countOfKey方法,若没有,直接进入步骤5。如果有countOfKey方法,继续查找是否有enumeratorOfKey:/ memberOfKey:方法,如果有,返回一个可以响应集合NSSet所有方法的代理对象。使用这个对象调用NSSet的所有方法,会转换为调用countOfKey方法、enumeratorOfKey:/ memberOfKey:方法组合的形式来创建键值编码对象。

    4.以上都没有找到,调用+ (BOOL)accessInstanceVariablesDirectly方法,默认返回 YES,表示可以直接通过实例变量设置值。
    如果返回YES,会查找实例变量,不过,它有查找优先级。先查找_key,没有找到,会查找_isKey,若没有找到,查找是否有key,如还没有找到,会查找isKey。找到实例变量,返回获取到的值,若最后还没有找到,进入步骤5
    如果返回NO,进入步骤5

    5.以上都没有找到,执行valueForUndefinedKey:方法
    5.1 如果没有重写该方法,会调用系统的,并抛出异常
    5.2 如果重写了,执行你重写的这个方法,将这种情况交由你来处理,不会抛出异常,中断程序。

    KVC取值流程图 KVC of valueForKey.jpeg

    三、根据原理,自己实现KVC

    模拟KVC设置值

    - (void)setCWValue:(id)value forKey:(NSString *)key
    {
        if (!value || !key) {
            return;
        }
        
        //查找setter方法:setKey、_setKey、setIskey
        NSString *capitalizedString = key.capitalizedString;
        NSString *setKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"set%@:",capitalizedString];
        NSString *_setKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"_set%@:",capitalizedString];
        NSString *setIsKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"setIs%@:",capitalizedString];
        
    #pragma clang diagnostic push
    #pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Warc-performSelector-leaks"
        if ([self respondsToSelector:NSSelectorFromString(setKey)]) {
            [self performSelector:NSSelectorFromString(setKey) withObject:value];
            return;
        } else if ([self respondsToSelector:NSSelectorFromString(_setKey)]) {
            [self performSelector:NSSelectorFromString(_setKey) withObject:value];
            return;
        }else if ([self respondsToSelector:NSSelectorFromString(setIsKey)]) {
            [self performSelector:NSSelectorFromString(setIsKey) withObject:value];
            return;
        }
    #pragma clang diagnostic pop
        
        
        //如果setter没有查找到,调用+ (BOOL)accessInstanceVariablesDirectly方法,看该函数的返回值(没有重写,默认返回YES),如果是YES,可以直接访问实例变量,对实例变量设置值。实例变量访问优先级是:_key、_isKey、key、isKey
        if ([self.class accessInstanceVariablesDirectly]) {
            NSString *_key = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"_%@",key];
            NSString *_isKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"_is%@",capitalizedString];
            NSString *isKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"is%@",capitalizedString];
            
            NSString *tempKey;
            //查找所有的实例变量
            NSArray *ivarlist = [self getAllIvarList];
            if ([ivarlist containsObject:_key]) {
                tempKey = _key;
            } else if ([ivarlist containsObject:_isKey]) {
                tempKey = _isKey;
            } else if ([ivarlist containsObject:key]) {
                tempKey = key;
            } else if ([ivarlist containsObject:isKey]) {
                tempKey = isKey;
            }
            
            if (tempKey && tempKey.length > 0) {
                Ivar ivar = class_getInstanceVariable(self.class, tempKey.UTF8String);
                if (ivar) {
                    object_setIvar(self, ivar, value);
                }
                return;
            }
            
        }
        
        //如果(BOOL)accessInstanceVariablesDirectly方法返回NO,或者实例变量没有找到一个与key对应的,会调用setValue:forUndefinedKey:方法。如果子类重写了该方法,调用该方法交由子类处理,不会抛出异常,否则抛出异常“该类不符合键值编码规范”
        [self setValue:value forUndefinedKey:key];
    }
    
    - (void)setCWValue:(id)value forKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath
    {
        NSArray *keyPaths = [keyPath componentsSeparatedByString:@"."];
        
        if (!keyPaths || keyPaths.count < 1 || !value) {
            return;
        }
        
        NSArray *ivarList = [self getAllIvarList];
        NSString *path = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"_%@",keyPaths.firstObject];
        if ([ivarList containsObject:path]) {
            id pathObject = object_getIvar(self, class_getInstanceVariable(self.class, path.UTF8String));
            [((NSObject *)pathObject) setCWValue:value forKey:keyPaths.lastObject];
        }
    }
    

    模拟KVC取值

    -(id)valueCWForKey:(NSString *)key
    {
        //1.查找getter方法:getKey、key、isKey、_getKey、_key
        NSString *capitalizedString = key.capitalizedString;
        NSString *getKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"get%@",capitalizedString];
        NSString *isKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"is%@",capitalizedString];
        NSString *_getKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"_get%@",capitalizedString];
        NSString *_key = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"_%@",key];
        SEL tempSel = nil;
    #pragma clang diagnostic push
    #pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Warc-performSelector-leaks"
        if ([self respondsToSelector:NSSelectorFromString(getKey)]) {
            tempSel = NSSelectorFromString(getKey);
        } else if ([self respondsToSelector:NSSelectorFromString(key)]) {
            tempSel = NSSelectorFromString(key);
        } else if ([self respondsToSelector:NSSelectorFromString(isKey)]) {
            tempSel = NSSelectorFromString(isKey);
        } else if ([self respondsToSelector:NSSelectorFromString(_getKey)]) {
            tempSel = NSSelectorFromString(_getKey);
        } else if ([self respondsToSelector:NSSelectorFromString(_key)]) {
            tempSel = NSSelectorFromString(_key);
        }
        
        if (tempSel) {
            return [self performSelector:tempSel];
        }
        
    
        //2.没有找到getter方法,继续查找遵循某些命名约定的相关方法。
        /*2.1查重是否有countOfKey的方法,如果有,继续查找是否有objectInKeyAtIndex:/nameAtIndexes:方法,
         如果有,则返回一个响应所有NSArray方法的集合代理对象*/
        //2.2查重是否有countOfKey的方法,如果有,继续查找是否有enumeratorOfKey:/memberOfKey:方法,如果有,则返回一个响应所有NSSet方法的集合代理对象
        NSString *countOfKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"countOf%@",capitalizedString];
        NSString *objectInKeyAtIndex = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"objectIn%@AtIndex:",capitalizedString];
        NSString *nameAtIndexes = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@AtIndexes:",key];
        if ([self respondsToSelector:NSSelectorFromString(countOfKey)]) {
            
            int count = (int)[self performSelector:NSSelectorFromString(countOfKey)];
            int fuc = 0;
            //是否满足返回响应NSArray集合代理方法的对象
            if ([self respondsToSelector:NSSelectorFromString(objectInKeyAtIndex)]) {
                fuc = 1;
            } else if ([self respondsToSelector:NSSelectorFromString(nameAtIndexes)]) {
                fuc = 2;
            }
            
            if (fuc != 0) {
                NSMutableArray *array = NSMutableArray.array;
                id objc = nil;
                for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
                    if (fuc == 1) {
                        objc = [self performSelector:NSSelectorFromString(objectInKeyAtIndex) withObject:[NSNumber numberWithInt:i]];
                    } else {
                        NSArray *objectInexes = [self performSelector:NSSelectorFromString(nameAtIndexes)];
                        objc = objectInexes.firstObject;
                    }
                    
                    if (objc) {
                        [array addObject:objc];
                    }
                }
                
                return array;
            }
            
            //是否满足返回响应NSArray集合代理方法的对象及value的类型转换暂不提供
            //TODO
        }
        
        //3 以上都没有找到,调用+ (BOOL)accessInstanceVariablesDirectly方法,看该函数的返回值(没有重写,默认返回YES),如果是YES,可以直接访问实例变量,对实例变量设置值。实例变量访问优先级是:_key、_isKey、key、isKey
        if ([self.class accessInstanceVariablesDirectly]) {
            NSString *_key = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"_%@",key];
            NSString *_isKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"_is%@",capitalizedString];
            NSString *isKey = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"is%@",capitalizedString];
            
            NSString *tempKey;
            //查找所有的实例变量
            NSArray *ivarlist = [self getAllIvarList];
            if ([ivarlist containsObject:_key]) {
                tempKey = _key;
            } else if ([ivarlist containsObject:_isKey]) {
                tempKey = _isKey;
            } else if ([ivarlist containsObject:key]) {
                tempKey = key;
            } else if ([ivarlist containsObject:isKey]) {
                tempKey = isKey;
            }
            
            if (tempKey && tempKey.length > 0) {
                Ivar ivar = class_getInstanceVariable(self.class, tempKey.UTF8String);
                if (ivar) {
                    return object_getIvar(self, ivar);
                }
            }
            
        }
    #pragma clang diagnostic pop
        
        //4 如果(BOOL)accessInstanceVariablesDirectly方法返回NO,或者没有找相关的处理方法,会调用valueForUndefinedKey:方法。如果子类重写了该方法,调用该方法交由子类处理,不会抛出异常,否则抛出异常“该类不符合键值编码规范”
        //注意⚠️:如果数据是基本数据类型,转换为NSNumber,否则,转换为NSValue
        return [self valueForUndefinedKey:key];
    }
    
    - (id)valueCWForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath
    {
        NSArray *keyPaths = [keyPath componentsSeparatedByString:@"."];
        
        if (!keyPaths || keyPaths.count < 1) {
            return nil;
        }
        
        NSArray *ivarList = [self getAllIvarList];
        NSString *path = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"_%@",keyPaths.firstObject];
        if ([ivarList containsObject:path]) {
            id pathObject = object_getIvar(self, class_getInstanceVariable(self.class, path.UTF8String));
            return [((NSObject *)pathObject) valueCWForKey:keyPaths.lastObject];
        }
        
        return nil;
    }
    

    //获取对象所有实例

    - (NSArray *)getAllIvarList
    {
        Class cls = self.class;
        NSMutableArray *array = NSMutableArray.array;
        while (cls && !([NSStringFromClass(cls) isEqualToString:@"NSObject"] || [NSStringFromClass(cls) hasPrefix:@"UI"])) {
            unsigned int count;
            Ivar *ivars = class_copyIvarList(cls, &count);
            
            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
                Ivar inst = ivars[i];
                NSString *name = [NSString stringWithCString:ivar_getName(inst) encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
                if (name) {
                    [array addObject:name];
                }
            }
            
            free(ivars);
            cls = class_getSuperclass(cls);
        }
        
        return array;
    }
    

    相关文章

      网友评论

          本文标题:KVC原理

          本文链接:https://www.haomeiwen.com/subject/upcvvltx.html