异步
dispatch_async
同步
dispatch_syn
获取线程
dispatch_get
常用的多线程
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0), ^{
// 耗时的操作
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
// 更新界面
});
});
组队列(dispatch_group):
//获取队列queue
dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0);
//创建多线程分组group
dispatch_group_t group = dispatch_group_create();
//将分组任务添加到队列中
dispatch_group_enter(group);//+1
dispatch_group_async(group, queue, ^{
dispatch_group_leave(group);//-1
});
dispatch_group_enter(group);//+1
dispatch_group_async(group, queue, ^{
dispatch_group_leave(group);//-1
});
dispatch_group_enter(group);//+1
dispatch_group_async(group, queue, ^{
dispatch_group_leave(group);//-1
});
//等待所有分组任务执行完之后再执行
dispatch_group_notify(group, dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
// =0
});
就是将多线程加入到队列中queue,等所有分组group任务执行完便会收到通知
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阻塞任务(dispatch_barrier):
/* 创建并发队列 */
dispatch_queue_t concurrentQueue = dispatch_queue_create("test.concurrent.queue", DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);
/* 添加两个并发操作A和B,即A和B会并发执行 */
dispatch_async(concurrentQueue, ^(){
NSLog(@"OperationA");
});
dispatch_async(concurrentQueue, ^(){
NSLog(@"OperationB");
});
/* 添加barrier障碍操作,会等待前面的并发操作结束,并暂时阻塞后面的并发操作直到其完成 */
dispatch_barrier_async(concurrentQueue, ^(){
NSLog(@"OperationBarrier!");
});
/* 继续添加并发操作C和D,要等待barrier障碍操作结束才能开始 */
dispatch_async(concurrentQueue, ^(){
NSLog(@"OperationC");
});
dispatch_async(concurrentQueue, ^(){
NSLog(@"OperationD");
});
dispatch_barrier_async可以强制使之后的线程,等待之前的线程,等之前的所有线程都执行完再继续
信号量: dispatch_semaphore_t
dispatch_semaphore_create用来创建一个semaphore信号量并设置初始信号量的值;
dispatch_semaphore_signal发送一个信号让信号量增加1(对应PV操作的V操作);
dispatch_semaphore_wait等待信号使信号量减1(对应PV操作的P操作);
/* 创建一个信号量 */
dispatch_semaphore_t semaphore = dispatch_semaphore_create(0);
/* 任务1 */
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0), ^{
/* 耗时任务1 */
NSLog(@"任务1开始");
[NSThread sleepForTimeInterval:3];
NSLog(@"任务1结束");
/* 任务1结束,发送信号告诉任务2可以开始了 */
dispatch_semaphore_signal(semaphore);
});
/* 任务2 */
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0), ^{
/* 等待任务1结束获得信号量, 无限等待 */
dispatch_semaphore_wait(semaphore, DISPATCH_TIME_FOREVER);
/* 如果获得信号量则开始任务2 */
NSLog(@"任务2开始");
[NSThread sleepForTimeInterval:3];
NSLog(@"任务2结束");
});
[NSThread sleepForTimeInterval:10];
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