本周开始Python web方向的知识。以下是模拟登录研究生教务系统，并获取课表的Python代码。

获取cookie

from selenium import webdriver
from time import sleep
import requests


chromePath = r'G:\\code_py\\tool\\chromedriver.exe'
wd = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path= chromePath)
loginUrl = 'http://yjspy.nwafu.edu.cn/index.do' 
username = input('学号:')
password = input('密码:')
wd.get(loginUrl)
wd.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="login"]/form/table/tbody/tr[1]/td/input').send_keys(username)
wd.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="pwd"]').send_keys(password)
sleep(10)#手动输入验证码
wd.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="login"]/form/div/input[1]').click() #若是按钮
req = requests.Session() #构建Session
cookies = wd.get_cookies()#直接使用
for cookie in cookies:
    req.cookies.set(cookie['name'],cookie['value']) 
cookie = open('cookie.txt',"w")
cookie.write(str(cookies))
cookie.close()

模拟登陆获取课表

# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
from urllib import request
from urllib import error
from urllib import parse
from PIL import Image
from http import cookiejar
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import webbrowser


if __name__ == '__main__':
     #声明一个CookieJar对象实例来保存cookie
    cookie = cookiejar.CookieJar()
    #利用urllib.request库的HTTPCookieProcessor对象来创建cookie处理器,也就CookieHandler
    cookie_support = request.HTTPCookieProcessor(cookie)
    #通过CookieHandler创建opener
    opener = request.build_opener(cookie_support)
    #登陆地址
    login_url = 'http://yjspy.nwafu.edu.cn/j_acegi_security_check '    
    #User-Agent信息                   
    user_agent = r'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/62.0.3202.94 Safari/537.36'
    #Headers信息
    head = {'User-Agnet': user_agent, 'Connection': 'keep-alive'}
    username = input('学号：') #输入学号
    password = input('密码：')  #输入密码
    while True:
        CaptchaUrl = 'http://yjspy.nwafu.edu.cn/getCaptcha.do'
        picture = opener.open(CaptchaUrl).read()
        # 用openr访问验证码地址,获取cookie
        local = open('G:/code_py/yjsjw/image.jpg', 'wb')
        local.write(picture)
        local.close()
        #打开图片
        img=Image.open('image.jpg')
        img.show()
        # 保存验证码到本地
        captcha = input('输入验证码：')
        refresh = input('是否刷新 y or n:')
        if refresh == 'n' or None:
            break

 #登陆Form_Data信息
    Login_Data = {}
    Login_Data['j_username'] = username     
    Login_Data['j_password'] = password       
    Login_Data['j_captcha'] = captcha
    Login_Data['groupId'] = ''
    #使用urlencode方法转换标准格式
    logingpostdata = parse.urlencode(Login_Data).encode('utf-8')

    #创建Request对象
    req1 = request.Request(url=login_url, data=logingpostdata, headers=head)

    #面向对象地址
    date_url = 'http://yjspy.nwafu.edu.cn/studentschedule/showStudentSchedule.do?groupId=&moduleId=20101'
    #面向对象
    Date_Data = {}
    Date_Data['groupId'] = ''
    Date_Data['moduleId'] = '20101'
    #使用urlencode方法转换标准格式
    datepostdata = parse.urlencode(Date_Data).encode('utf-8')
    req2 = request.Request(url=date_url, data=datepostdata, headers=head)
    try:
        #使用自己创建的opener的open方法
        response1 = opener.open(req1)
        response2 = opener.open(req2)
        htmlpage = response2.read().decode('utf-8')
        soup = BeautifulSoup(htmlpage, 'html.parser')
        table = soup.select('#print')[0]
        title = '<meta charset="GB2312"> <!-- for HTML5 -->'+'\n'+'<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB2312" />'
        #打印查询结果
        table = str(table) + title
        f = open('table.html','w',encoding = 'utf-8')
        f.write(str(table))
        f.close()
        url = 'table.html'
        webbrowser.open(url)
    except error.URLError as e:
        if hasattr(e, 'code'):
            print("HTTPError:%d" % e.code)
        elif hasattr(e, 'reason'):
            print("URLError:%s" % e.reason)

下周打算看看web框架，主要是Django。

以上。