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Ubuntu 更换 apt 软件源

Ubuntu 更换 apt 软件源

作者: zhimin_ | 来源:发表于2022-07-03 10:56 被阅读0次

    apt 全名 Advanced Package Tool,是 Debian 和 Ubuntu 操作系统的软件包管理工具;

    这里要区分 aptapt-get 等命令,他们是单独维护的项目,功能上 apt 是对其他 apt-* 项目的整合,但并不能完全替代。

    apt 是基于集中式软件仓库的软件包管理工具。

    查看当前已配置软件源

    cd /etc/apt

    drwxr-xr-x  8 root root 4096  7月  3 09:46 ./
    drwxr-xr-x 95 root root 4096  7月  3 09:49 ../
    drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4096  7月  3 09:49 apt.conf.d/
    drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4096  4月  8 18:22 auth.conf.d/
    drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4096  4月  8 18:22 keyrings/
    drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4096  4月  8 18:22 preferences.d/
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root 1147  7月  3 09:46 sources.list
    drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4096  4月  8 18:22 sources.list.d/
    drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4096  6月  7 10:07 trusted.gpg.d/
    

    cat sources.list

    # See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
    # newer versions of the distribution.
    deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted
    # deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted
    
    ## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
    ## distribution.
    deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted
    # deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted
    
    ## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
    ## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
    ## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
    deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy universe
    # deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy universe
    deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates universe
    # deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates universe
    
    ## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
    ## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
    ## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
    ## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
    ## security team.
    deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy multiverse
    # deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy multiverse
    deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates multiverse
    # deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates multiverse
    
    ## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
    ## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
    ## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
    ## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
    ## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
    deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    # deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    
    deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted
    # deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted
    deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security universe
    # deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security universe
    deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security multiverse
    # deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security multiverse
    

    备份

    cp sources.list sources.list.bak
    ll

    image.png

    编辑,修改为新的软件源

    vim sources.list
    将问价内容删除,加入新的软件源,保存文件

    # 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度,如有需要可自行取消注释
    deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
    # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
    deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
    # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
    
    # 预发布软件源,不建议启用
    # deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    

    清华大学软件源: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/ubuntu/
    至此,软件源已更换完毕


    apt 常用命令

    apt 命令 取代的命令 命令的功能
    apt install apt-get install 安装软件包
    apt remove apt-get remove 移除软件包
    apt purge apt-get purge 移除软件包及配置文件
    apt update apt-get update 刷新存储库索引
    apt upgrade apt-get upgrade 升级所有可升级的软件包
    apt autoremove apt-get autoremove 自动删除不需要的包
    apt full-upgrade apt-get dist-upgrade 在升级软件包时自动处理依赖关系
    apt search apt-cache search 搜索应用程序
    apt show apt-cache show 显示装细节

    更多命令可通过帮助命令查看和学习

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