实现正方体旋转分为4个步骤:
- OpenGL 初始化, 加载纹理
- 设置定时器
- GLKViewDelegate函数绘制
- 设置旋转
一. OpenGL 初始化
声明变量和结构图
typedef struct {
GLKVector3 positionCoord; //顶点坐标
GLKVector2 textureCoord; //纹理坐标
GLKVector3 normal; //法线
} CCVertex;
// 顶点数
static NSInteger const kCoordCount = 36;
@interface CubeViewController () <GLKViewDelegate>
@property (nonatomic, strong) GLKView *glkView;
@property (nonatomic, strong) GLKBaseEffect *baseEffect;
@property (nonatomic, assign) CCVertex *vertices;
@property (nonatomic, strong) CADisplayLink *displayLink;
@property (nonatomic, assign) NSInteger angle;
@property (nonatomic, assign) GLuint vertexBuffer;
@end
OpenGL ES 初始化
//1.创建context
EAGLContext *context = [[EAGLContext alloc] initWithAPI:kEAGLRenderingAPIOpenGLES2];
//设置当前context
[EAGLContext setCurrentContext:context];
//2.创建GLKView并设置代理
CGRect frame = CGRectMake(0, 100, self.view.frame.size.width, self.view.frame.size.width);
self.glkView = [[GLKView alloc] initWithFrame:frame context:context];
self.glkView.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
self.glkView.delegate = self;
//3.使用深度缓存
self.glkView.drawableDepthFormat = GLKViewDrawableDepthFormat24;
//默认是(0, 1)，这里用于翻转 z 轴，使正方形朝屏幕外
glDepthRangef(1, 0);
//4.将GLKView 添加self.view 上
[self.view addSubview:self.glkView];
//5.获取纹理图片
NSString *imagePath = [[[NSBundle mainBundle] resourcePath] stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"car.jpeg"];
UIImage *image = [UIImage imageWithContentsOfFile:imagePath];
//6.设置纹理参数
NSDictionary *options = @{ GLKTextureLoaderOriginBottomLeft: @(YES) };
GLKTextureInfo *textureInfo = [GLKTextureLoader textureWithCGImage:image.CGImage options:options error:NULL];
//7.使用baseEffect
self.baseEffect = [[GLKBaseEffect alloc] init];
self.baseEffect.texture2d0.name = textureInfo.name;
self.baseEffect.texture2d0.target = textureInfo.target;
//开启光照效果
self.baseEffect.light0.enabled = YES;
//漫反射颜色
self.baseEffect.light0.diffuseColor = GLKVector4Make(1, 1, 1, 1);
//光源位置
self.baseEffect.light0.position = GLKVector4Make(-0.5, -0.5, 5, 1);
/*
解释一下:
这里我们不复用顶点，使用每 3 个点画一个三角形的方式，需要 12 个三角形，则需要 36 个顶点
以下的数据用来绘制以（0，0，0）为中心，边长为 1 的立方体
*/
//8. 开辟顶点数据空间(数据结构SenceVertex 大小 * 顶点个数kCoordCount)
self.vertices = malloc(sizeof(CCVertex) * kCoordCount);
// 前面
self.vertices[0] = (CCVertex) { { -0.5, 0.5, 0.5 }, { 0, 1 }, { 0, 0, 1 } };
self.vertices[1] = (CCVertex) { { -0.5, -0.5, 0.5 }, { 0, 0 }, { 0, 0, 1 } };
self.vertices[2] = (CCVertex) { { 0.5, 0.5, 0.5 }, { 1, 1 }, { 0, 0, 1 } };
self.vertices[3] = (CCVertex) { { -0.5, -0.5, 0.5 }, { 0, 0 }, { 0, 0, 1 } };
self.vertices[4] = (CCVertex) { { 0.5, 0.5, 0.5 }, { 1, 1 }, { 0, 0, 1 } };
self.vertices[5] = (CCVertex) { { 0.5, -0.5, 0.5 }, { 1, 0 }, { 0, 0, 1 } };
// 上面
self.vertices[6] = (CCVertex) { { 0.5, 0.5, 0.5 }, { 1, 1 }, { 0, 1, 0 } };
self.vertices[7] = (CCVertex) { { -0.5, 0.5, 0.5 }, { 0, 1 }, { 0, 1, 0 } };
self.vertices[8] = (CCVertex) { { 0.5, 0.5, -0.5 }, { 1, 0 }, { 0, 1, 0 } };
self.vertices[9] = (CCVertex) { { -0.5, 0.5, 0.5 }, { 0, 1 }, { 0, 1, 0 } };
self.vertices[10] = (CCVertex) { { 0.5, 0.5, -0.5 }, { 1, 0 }, { 0, 1, 0 } };
self.vertices[11] = (CCVertex) { { -0.5, 0.5, -0.5 }, { 0, 0 }, { 0, 1, 0 } };
// 下面
self.vertices[12] = (CCVertex) { { 0.5, -0.5, 0.5 }, { 1, 1 }, { 0, -1, 0 } };
self.vertices[13] = (CCVertex) { { -0.5, -0.5, 0.5 }, { 0, 1 }, { 0, -1, 0 } };
self.vertices[14] = (CCVertex) { { 0.5, -0.5, -0.5 }, { 1, 0 }, { 0, -1, 0 } };
self.vertices[15] = (CCVertex) { { -0.5, -0.5, 0.5 }, { 0, 1 }, { 0, -1, 0 } };
self.vertices[16] = (CCVertex) { { 0.5, -0.5, -0.5 }, { 1, 0 }, { 0, -1, 0 } };
self.vertices[17] = (CCVertex) { { -0.5, -0.5, -0.5 }, { 0, 0 }, { 0, -1, 0 } };
// 左面
self.vertices[18] = (CCVertex) { { -0.5, 0.5, 0.5 }, { 1, 1 }, { -1, 0, 0 } };
self.vertices[19] = (CCVertex) { { -0.5, -0.5, 0.5 }, { 0, 1 }, { -1, 0, 0 } };
self.vertices[20] = (CCVertex) { { -0.5, 0.5, -0.5 }, { 1, 0 }, { -1, 0, 0 } };
self.vertices[21] = (CCVertex) { { -0.5, -0.5, 0.5 }, { 0, 1 }, { -1, 0, 0 } };
self.vertices[22] = (CCVertex) { { -0.5, 0.5, -0.5 }, { 1, 0 }, { -1, 0, 0 } };
self.vertices[23] = (CCVertex) { { -0.5, -0.5, -0.5 }, { 0, 0 }, { -1, 0, 0 } };
// 右面
self.vertices[24] = (CCVertex) { { 0.5, 0.5, 0.5 }, { 1, 1 }, { 1, 0, 0 } };
self.vertices[25] = (CCVertex) { { 0.5, -0.5, 0.5 }, { 0, 1 }, { 1, 0, 0 } };
self.vertices[26] = (CCVertex) { { 0.5, 0.5, -0.5 }, { 1, 0 }, { 1, 0, 0 } };
self.vertices[27] = (CCVertex) { { 0.5, -0.5, 0.5 }, { 0, 1 }, { 1, 0, 0 } };
self.vertices[28] = (CCVertex) { { 0.5, 0.5, -0.5 }, { 1, 0 }, { 1, 0, 0 } };
self.vertices[29] = (CCVertex) { { 0.5, -0.5, -0.5 }, { 0, 0 }, { 1, 0, 0 } };
// 后面
self.vertices[30] = (CCVertex) { { -0.5, 0.5, -0.5 }, { 0, 1 }, { 0, 0, -1 } };
self.vertices[31] = (CCVertex) { { -0.5, -0.5, -0.5 }, { 0, 0 }, { 0, 0, -1 } };
self.vertices[32] = (CCVertex) { { 0.5, 0.5, -0.5 }, { 1, 1 }, { 0, 0, -1 } };
self.vertices[33] = (CCVertex) { { -0.5, -0.5, -0.5 }, { 0, 0 }, { 0, 0, -1 } };
self.vertices[34] = (CCVertex) { { 0.5, 0.5, -0.5 }, { 1, 1 }, { 0, 0, -1 } };
self.vertices[35] = (CCVertex) { { 0.5, -0.5, -0.5 }, { 1, 0 }, { 0, 0, -1 } };
//开辟顶点缓存区
glGenBuffers(1, &_vertexBuffer);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, _vertexBuffer);
GLsizeiptr bufferSizeBytes = sizeof(CCVertex) * kCoordCount;
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, bufferSizeBytes, self.vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
//顶点数据
glEnableVertexAttribArray(GLKVertexAttribPosition);
glVertexAttribPointer(GLKVertexAttribPosition, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(CCVertex), NULL + offsetof(CCVertex, positionCoord));
//纹理数据
glEnableVertexAttribArray(GLKVertexAttribTexCoord0);
glVertexAttribPointer(GLKVertexAttribTexCoord0, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(CCVertex), NULL + offsetof(CCVertex, textureCoord));
//法线数据
glEnableVertexAttribArray(GLKVertexAttribNormal);
glVertexAttribPointer(GLKVertexAttribNormal, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(CCVertex), NULL + offsetof(CCVertex, normal));
二. 添加定时器
self.angle = 0;
self.displayLink = [CADisplayLink displayLinkWithTarget:self selector:@selector(update)];
[self.displayLink addToRunLoop:[NSRunLoop mainRunLoop] forMode:NSRunLoopCommonModes];
三. GLKViewDelegate 函数
- (void)glkView:(GLKView *)view drawInRect:(CGRect)rect {
//1.开启深度测试
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
//2.清除颜色缓存区&深度缓存区
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
//3.准备绘制
[self.baseEffect prepareToDraw];
//4.绘图
glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, kCoordCount);
}
四. 设置旋转
//1.计算旋转度数
self.angle = (self.angle + 5) % 360;
//2.修改baseEffect.transform.modelviewMatrix
self.baseEffect.transform.modelviewMatrix = GLKMatrix4MakeRotation(GLKMathDegreesToRadians(self.angle), 0.3, 1, 0.7);
//3.重新渲染
[self.glkView display];
附加载过程图
OpenGL ES_GLKView正方体旋转.png
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