k8s-环境搭建-基于ubuntu server18.10

作者: 西海岸虎皮猫大人 | 来源:发表于2020-07-17 22:18 被阅读0次

0.环境:

ubuntu: server 18.10
k8s: 1.13.1
docker: ce 18.06.1
虚拟机: VMware Workstation 15 Pro
相关文件: https://pan.baidu.com/s/19b1bGwRA_COg5r65LrpjYA
提取码：jyyz

1.环境准备

# 开启root用户
su passwd root
# 允许root远程登录
vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
PermitRootLogin yes

service ssh restart

# 配置ubuntu阿里云镜像
cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
vi /etc/apt/sources.list

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

apt-get update

# 安装相关包
apt-get install -y curl telnet wget man apt-transport-https ca-certificates software-properties-common vim

2.安装docker

# 安装docker(离线)
# 下载地址
https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/dists/xenial/pool/stable/amd64/docker-ce_18.06.1~ce~3-0~ubuntu_amd64.deb

# 安装依赖
apt-get install -y libltdl7
# 安装
dpkg -i docker-ce_18.06.1~ce~3-0~ubuntu_amd64.deb
# 启动docker并配置开机启动
systemctl enable docker
systemctl start docker
# 查看镜像
docker ps
# 启动docker容器
# -it 回显字符 --rm关闭后删除 sh进入shell
docker run -it --rm alpine:latest sh
# 当前用户添加docker权限
sudo groupadd docker
sudo usermod -aG docker $USER

# 配置docker阿里云镜像
vi /etc/docker/daemon.json

{
            "registry-mirrors": ["https://2obyxj55.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}

# 重载配置
systemctl daemon-reload
# 重启docker
systemctl restart docker

3.k8s配置安装

# 配置k8s国内源
vi /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kubernetes/apt kubernetes-xenial main

# 报错提示
be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 6A030B21BA07F4FB

# 添加证书,copy后8位
gpg --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys BA07F4FB
gpg --export --armor BA07F4FB | apt-key add -

apt update

# 禁用防火墙
ufw disable
# 关闭swap
swapoff -a
vi /etc/fstab
# 注掉该行
# /swap.img     none    swap    sw      0       0

# 关闭selinux
apt install -y selinux-utils
setenforce 0
# 重启
shutdown -r now

# k8s网络配置
vi /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf

net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
vm.swappiness = 0

modprobe br_netfilter
sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf

# 安装k8s
# kubelet 后台进程
# kubeadm 更高权限操作 初始化环境使用
# kubectl 用户客户端
apt-get install -y kubelet=1.13.1-00 kubernetes-cni=0.6.0-00 kubeadm=1.13.1-00 kubectl=1.13.1-00

# 启动并配置开机启动
systemctl enable kubelet && systemctl start kubelet
# 测试启动
kubectl get nodes

4.k8s集群配置

# 克隆两台虚拟机 us-02 us-03
# 分别修改主机名
vi /ets/hostname
vi /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg
# 将preserve_hostname后面设置为true


# 分别配置ip
vi /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml
# 3台分别配置hosts
vi /etc/hosts

192.168.68.141 us-01
192.168.68.142 us-02
192.168.68.143 us-03

--------------------------
# us-01配置工作目录
mkdir working
cd working
# 生成配置
kubeadm config print init-defaults ClusterConfiguration > kubeadm.conf
# 修改配置
vi kubeadm.conf

# 修改ip
localAPIEndpoint:
  advertiseAddress: 192.168.68.141
# 修改镜像
imageRepository: registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
# 修改版本号
kubernetesVersion: v1.13.1
# 配置子网
networking:
  dnsDomain: cluster.local
  podSubnet: "10.244.0.0/16"

# 拉取
kubeadm config images pull --config ./kubeadm.conf

# 说明
# kube-apiserver: 集群对外提供接口
# kube-scheduler: 内部调度器
# kube-proxy: 负载均衡
# etcd: 容器数据一致性

# 启动k8s
kubeadm init --config ./kubeadm.conf

# 日志中node加入集群的指令(从节点执行,master不必执行)
# kubeadm join 192.168.68.141:6443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:15e488c84e53b855c0dd37f3125f23510e838143994479d0821d21504ab7e79f

# 配置
mkdir $HOME/.kube
cp -i /etc/kubenetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
# 启动
systemctl enable kubelet
systemctl start kubelet

# master和node配置网络环境
# 配置内部通信网络
cd $HOME/working
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/a70459be0084506e4ec919aa1c114638878db11b/Documentation/
kube-flannel.yml
# 加载配置
kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml 

# us-02 us-03开机启动kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet
systemctl start kubelet

# us-01配置分发到us-02 us-03
scp /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf root@us-02:/root
scp /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf root@us-03:/root

# us-02 us-03分别配置
mkdir $HOME/.kube
cp -i $HOME/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

kubeadm join 192.168.68.141:6443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:15e488c84e53b855c0dd37f3125f23510e838143994479d0821d21504ab7e79f

kubectl get nodes

# us-01 flannel配置分发到us-02 us-03
scp $HOME/working/kube-flannel.yml root@us-02:/root
scp $HOME/working/kube-flannel.yml root@us-03:/root

# us-02 us-03加载配置
kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml

5.创建tomcat实例

# 创建tomcat实例
# 描述文件
vi myweb-rc.yaml
-----------------------
apiVersion: v1
kind: ReplicationController
metadata:
  name: myweb
spec:
  replicas: 5
#Pod副本期待数量为5
  selector:
    app: myweb
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: myweb
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: myweb
        image: docker.io/kubeguide/tomcat-app:v1
        ports:
        - containerPort: 8080
        env:
        - name: MYSQL_SERVICE_HOST
          value: "mysql"
        - name: MYSQL_SERVICE_PORT
          value: "3306"
--------------------------
# 加载描述文件
kubectl create -f myweb-rc.yaml

# 创建服务描述文件
vi myweb-svc.yaml
-----------------------
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: myweb
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
    - port: 8080
      nodePort: 30001
  selector:
    app: myweb
-------------------------
# 部署服务
kubectl create -f myweb-svc.yaml
# 查看pods 
kubectl get pods
# ***异常 7.1
kubectl describe pods 
# 查看服务
kubectl get service 
kubectl describe service
# 浏览器访问: http://192.168.68.141:30001/

6.创建mysql实例

# 创建mysql实例
vi mysql-rc.yaml

# 描述文件
-----------------------------------------
apiVersion: v1
kind: ReplicationController
metadata:
  name: mysql
spec:
  # 实例个数,如配置多个,k8s会自动做集群
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    app: mysql
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: mysql
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: mysql
        image: hub.c.163.com/library/mysql
        ports:
        - containerPort: 3306
        env:
        - name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
          value: "123456"
-------------------------------------
# 发布
kubectl create -f mysql-rc.yaml

参考:

两小时Kubernetes(K8S)从懵圈到熟练——大型分布式集群环境捷径部署搭建-bilibili
文档链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1sZuuMTEehr6galLdiyJByA 提取码：xtks
从零开始在ubuntu上安装和使用k8s集群及报错解决
 Ubuntu 18.04 LTS Server服务器安装图文教程
 ubuntu-18.10-live-server设置静态IP

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