五一黄金周第一天，你出去人挤人了吗？你被堵在路上了吗？
记得带好口罩，保持社交距离哦~
今天和大家分享的这篇文章，原素材选自美国大西洋月刊。讨论的是全球过度旅游overtourism的危害。
一起来看~~
Late in May, the Louvre closed. The museum’s workers walked out, arguing that overcrowding at the home of the Mona Lisa and the Venus de Milo had made the place dangerous and unmanageable. “The Louvre suffocates,” the workers’ union said in a statement written in French, citing the “total inadequacy” of the museum’s facilities to manage the high volume of visitors.
五月底，卢浮宫闭馆。卢浮宫的工作人员纷纷出走，称存放《蒙娜丽莎》和《米洛斯的维纳斯》这两部作品的这座博物馆已人满为患，导致馆内情况危急，且加大了管理的难度。卢浮宫工会在一份法语声明中称，“卢浮宫快要窒息了”，并指出馆内设施非常不完备，难以容纳大量游客。
Overcrowd: V to fill (a room, vehicle, city, etc) with more people or things than is desirable 使(房间、车、城市等)过度拥挤
Over-词缀表示“过分的”，比如：
Tony looked tired and over-anxious. 托尼看起来累了而且过于忧虑。
When depressed, they dramatically overindulge in chocolate and sweets. 沮丧时，他们滑稽地过分沉迷于巧克力和糖果之中。
还有下段的overtourism过度旅游
Home: N-COUNT If you find a home for something, you find a place where it can be kept. 适于存放…的地方
The equipment itself is getting smaller, neater and easier to find a home for. 该设备本身变得越来越小、越来越精巧，因而也就越来越便于存放。
Cite: V-T To cite a person means to officially name them in a legal case. To cite a reason or cause means to state it as the official reason for your case. 引证
They cited Alex's refusal to return to the marital home. 他们援引了亚历克斯拒绝重返婚后住所这一事实为证。
Suffocate: To die because there is no air to breathe; to kill sb by not letting them breathe air （使）窒息而死；（把…）闷死
[ V ]
Many dogs have suffocated in hot cars. 许多狗在热烘烘的汽车里给闷死了。
[ VN ]
The couple were suffocated by fumes from a faulty gas fire. 由于劣质煤气取暖器漏气，这对夫妇窒息而死。
He put the pillow over her face and suffocated her. 他用枕头捂住她的脸，把她憋死了。
( figurative )
She felt suffocated by all the rules and regulations. 她受不了所有那些条条框框的束缚。
Total: adj. including everything 彻底的；完全的
The room was in total darkness. 房间里一片漆黑。
They wanted a total ban on handguns. 他们要求彻底禁止拥有手枪。
The evening was a total disaster. 晚会彻底搞砸了。
I can't believe you'd tell a total stranger about it! 我不能相信你会把这事告诉一个素昧平生的人！
Inadequacy: N-VAR The inadequacy of something is the fact that there is not enough of it, or that it is not good enough. 不足; 不够好
...the inadequacy of the water supply. …水供应不足。
【语法】The museum’s workers walked out, arguing that...
Arguing是伴随状语，表示员工在walked out的同时，一边走，一边arguing...
同样，the workers’ union said in a statement written in French, citing...
Citing也是这句话的伴随状语。
This phenomenon is known as overtourism. A confluence of macroeconomic factors and changing business trends have led more tourists crowding to popular destinations. That has led to environmental degradation, dangerous conditions, and the immiseration and pricing-out of locals in many places. And it has cities around the world asking one question: Is there anything to be done about being too popular?
这种现象被称为过度旅游。宏观经济因素和不断变化的商业趋势共同作用，吸引了越来越多的游客涌向热门旅游目的地。这种现象导致许多地方环境恶化、安全风险上升，加剧当地贫困状况，“宰客”现象层出不穷。由此，世界各地的城市都在问：旅游地人满为患该作何解？
Confluence: N-SING The confluence of two rivers is the place where they join and become one larger river. 合流处; 汇合处
The 160-metre falls mark the dramatic confluence of the rivers Nera and Velino. 这处160米的瀑布是维拉河和维里诺河壮观的汇合处的标志。
Pricing-out是由price out这个词组变形得来的：price yourself/sth out of the ˈmarket：to charge such a high price for your goods, services, etc. that nobody wants to buy them 因索价过高而无人问津。
Immiseration: n. economic impoverishment 经济贫困
【语法】 it has cities around the world asking one question
这句考察的是have的用法：to cause sb/sth to be in a particular state; to make sb react in a particular way 使处于（某状态）；使作出（某种反应）
[ VN-ADJ ]
I want to have everything ready in good time. 我要求一切都得准时备妥。
[ VN -ing ]
He had his audience listening attentively. 他抓住了听众的注意力。
There’s too much of a good thing in some of these spots, and mayors and city councils are doing their part to take it away. A number of places have implemented or expanded or proposed tourist taxes. Governments are also rolling out regulations. Those kinds of measures stand to become more important in the coming years, as the global middle class gets bigger, social media more ubiquitous, and travel cheaper.
部分地区人气过高，于是市长和市议会各尽其职，为其降温。很多地方已经开始征收旅游税，扩大征收范围，或提议开始收税。政府也在出台相关法规。未来几年，随着全球中产阶级日益壮大、社交媒体不断普及，旅行费用越来越低，这些措施可能会变得更加重要。
【写作】
Too much of a good thing表示好事过头反而成了坏事，令人受不了。也就是过犹不及，物极必反。
比如写作中，提到事情的两面性，可用这个词组和every coin has two sides进行替换：
Too much saving may seem like an enviable problem, but there can be too much of a good thing.过多的储蓄可能看起来是个令人羡慕的问题，但也可能过犹不及。
But some recent studies of fish oil show that it may not always act as advertised-and that you can sometimes have too much of a good thing.不过，最近的研究表明，鱼油或许并没有像广告宣传的那样具有神效，有时候好东西摄入太多也会过犹不及。
也就是说，如果要用too much of a good thing，结构应该是：
叙述人们普遍接受的错误观点+but there can be too much of a good thing（转折，引出下文）
Stand to do，表示很可能，相当于probably, be likely to
[ V to inf ] to be in a situation where you are likely to do sth 很可能做某事
You stand to make a lot from this deal. 你很可能会从这笔生意中大赚一笔。
【语法】as the global middle class gets bigger, social media more ubiquitous, and travel cheaper
这句话省略了谓语gets，因为三个句式相同，所以可省略。
凡是被省略的项目只有在上文或下文找到的叫简单省略，比如：
John won the first race and Jim (won) the second (race).
My father planned (all these houses) and my brother built all these houses.
凡是两个或两个以上被省略的项目既有在上文同时又在下文找到的叫做复杂省略。例如：
My father planned (all these houses) and (my father) built all these houses.
I have listened to (your story carefully) and (I have) thought about your story carefully.
以上这些简单省略和复杂省略主要指并列句中的省略现象。
Roll out: PHRASAL VERB If a company rolls out a new product or service, or if the product or service rolls out, it is made available to the public. 推出 (新产品或服务)
On Thursday Microsoft rolls out its new operating system. 在星期四微软推出了它的新操作系统。
Northern Telecom says its products will roll out over 18 months beginning early next year. 北方电讯公司表示其产品将从明年初起用18个多月的时间推出。
Ubiquitous: ( formal ) ( humorous ) seeming to be everywhere or in several places at the same time; very common 似乎无所不在的；十分普遍的
the ubiquitous bicycles of university towns 大学城里处处可见的自行车
the ubiquitous movie star, Tom Hanks 尽人皆知的影星汤姆•汉克斯
These phenomena inevitably mean more complaints from locals, and more damage and lines and selfies and bad behavior. But they also mean more cross-cultural exposure, more investment, more global connection, more democratization of travel, and perhaps more awe and wonder. Even overtourism has its upsides.
当然，在这样的情况之下，本地人怨声载道，当地也会受到更大程度的破坏，队伍越排越长，自拍和不良行为也会更加常见。但这些也意味着跨文化接触变得更加密切，投资增加，全球联系得更加紧密，也将出现更加亲民的旅行，或许还会出现更多令人敬畏和惊叹的事物。即使是过度旅游也并非百害而无一利啊。
Cross-: ( in nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs 构成名词、动词、形容词和副词 ) involving movement or action from one thing to another or between two things 从一事物到另一事物的运动（或动作）；两事物间的运动（或动作）；横过；穿越
cross-Channel ferries 横渡英吉利海峡的渡船
cross-fertilize 异花受精
crossfire 交叉火力
Exposure: [ U ] ( finance 财 ) ~ (to sth) the state of being in a place or situation where there is no protection from sth harmful or unpleasant 面临，遭受（危险或不快）
prolonged exposure to harmful radiation 长时间接触有害辐射
the company's exposure on the foreign exchange markets (= to the risk of making financial losses) 公司面对外汇市场的风险
Upside: [ sing. ] the more positive aspect of a situation that is generally bad （糟糕局面的）好的一面，光明的一面，正面
很显然，反义词就是downside缺点
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