以SpringBootAdmin的实现方式作为参考
# 实现的效果:
- 添加相关的依赖,再在启动类上加上
@EnableXXX
就可以使用相关的功能了。
# 原理-SpringBootAdmin为例
- 在启动类上标记注解
@EnableAdminServer
@EnableAdminServer
@SpringBootApplication
public class AdminApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(AdminApplication.class, args);
}
}
- 点进去发现只是导入了一个类
AdminServerMarkerConfiguration.class
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Import(AdminServerMarkerConfiguration.class)
public @interface EnableAdminServer {
}
- 点进这个类
AdminServerMarkerConfiguration
发现只是向容器中添加了一个beanMarker
public class AdminServerMarkerConfiguration {
@Bean
public Marker adminServerMarker() {
return new Marker();
}
public static class Marker {
}
}
- 所以这一部分的总结就是:添加
@EnableAdminServer
注解,向容器中添加一个类型为Marker
的bean
- 接下来找到
AdminServerAutoConfiguration
这个类,一般默认SpringBoot的自动配置类都是以XXXAutoConfiguration
命名,所以很容易找到,例如RedisAutoConfiguration
...
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnBean(AdminServerMarkerConfiguration.Marker.class)
@EnableConfigurationProperties(AdminServerProperties.class)
@Import({AdminServerWebConfiguration.class})
public class AdminServerAutoConfiguration {
@Bean
@ConditionalOnMissingBean
public InstanceRegistry instanceRegistry(InstanceRepository instanceRepository,
InstanceIdGenerator instanceIdGenerator) {
return new InstanceRegistry(instanceRepository, instanceIdGenerator);
}
@Bean
@ConditionalOnMissingBean
public InstanceIdGenerator instanceIdGenerator() {
return new HashingInstanceUrlIdGenerator();
}
......
}
- 解读这个类的注解可发现以下几点:
-
@Configuration
这是一个配置类,可以看到这个类里面通过@Bean
定义了很多bean -
@ConditionalOnBean(AdminServerMarkerConfiguration.Marker.class)
[重点],判断容器中有这个bean,这就是上一部分,在启动类上添加@EnableAdminServer
的作用,当容器中有Marker
这个bean时,这个Configuration才生效,才会向容器中添加这个类中定义的bean -
@EnableConfigurationProperties(AdminServerProperties.class)
启动配置类AdminServerProperties
,将配置类与配置文件绑定
@ConfigurationProperties("spring.boot.admin") public class AdminServerProperties { ... }
-
@Import({AdminServerWebConfiguration.class})
导入另外一个配置类,向容器中添加其他bean
-
接下来的问题是:如何让Spring在启动的时候扫面到这个配置类呢,通过分析@EnableAutoConfiguration
注解的实现可得知:将需要自动配置的类的全路径配置在META-INF/spring.factories
,Spring会在启动的时候扫描类路径下所有的META-INF/spring.factories
文件
- 如SpringBootAdmin的配置:
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
de.codecentric.boot.admin.server.config.AdminServerAutoConfiguration,\
de.codecentric.boot.admin.server.config.AdminServerNotifierAutoConfiguration,\
de.codecentric.boot.admin.server.config.AdminServerHazelcastAutoConfiguration,\
de.codecentric.boot.admin.se rver.config.AdminServerCloudFoundryAutoConfiguration
image.png
完成~
# 另外一个例子: 项目中Redis的自动配置
- SpringBoot项目中使用Redis更加简单,添加Redis依赖即可使用
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
SpringBoot是如何实现添加了redis依赖就可以使用Redis,RedisTemplate
的呢?
原理:
- 永远第一步:找到Redis的自动配置类
RedisAutoConfiguration
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass(RedisOperations.class)
@EnableConfigurationProperties(RedisProperties.class)
@Import({ LettuceConnectionConfiguration.class, JedisConnectionConfiguration.class })
public class RedisAutoConfiguration {
@Bean
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(name = "redisTemplate")
public RedisTemplate<Object, Object> redisTemplate(
RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) throws UnknownHostException {
RedisTemplate<Object, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<>();
template.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);
return template;
}
@Bean
@ConditionalOnMissingBean
public StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate(
RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) throws UnknownHostException {
StringRedisTemplate template = new StringRedisTemplate();
template.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);
return template;
}
}
- @Configuration
- @ConditionalOnClass(RedisOperations.class) 当类路径下有
RedisOperations
这个类时,那么很明显,这个类肯定是在添加redis依赖的时候导进来的,现在看一下这个类的路径。
image.png
确实是通过redis的起步依赖导进来的,这就是为什么添加了redis的起步依赖,redis就可以直接使用了 - @EnableConfigurationProperties(RedisProperties.class) 激活配置类
RedisProperties
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.redis")
public class RedisProperties {
/**
* Database index used by the connection factory.
*/
private int database = 0;
/**
* Connection URL. Overrides host, port, and password. User is ignored. Example:
* redis://user:password@example.com:6379
*/
private String url;
/**
* Redis server host.
*/
private String host = "localhost";
/**
* Login password of the redis server.
*/
private String password;
/**
* Redis server port.
*/
private int port = 6379;
......
}
- @Import({ LettuceConnectionConfiguration.class, JedisConnectionConfiguration.class }) 导入
LettuceConnectionConfiguration
和JedisConnectionConfiguration
,这两个都是redis的客户端。
那么启用哪一个呢 - LettuceConnectionConfiguration
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass(RedisClient.class)
class LettuceConnectionConfiguration extends RedisConnectionConfiguration {}
- JedisConnectionConfiguration
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass({ GenericObjectPool.class, JedisConnection.class, Jedis.class })
class JedisConnectionConfiguration extends RedisConnectionConfiguration {}
- 可以看到当类路径下有响应的客户端时,就启用相应的自动配置类
-
而SpringBoot默认使用的是lettuce
image.png
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