php及php-fpm浅析

CGI http服务器与其他服务器通信的一种工具

传统CGI缺点：每次http服务器遇到动态数据都要重启解析器，产生结果再返回

FastCGI

既是socket,主要优点将动态语言与http服务器分离开

可以启动多个FastCGI的守护进程（php-fpm）

一般情况下，FastCGI的整个工作流程是这样的：

1、Web Server启动时载入FastCGI进程管理器（IIS ISAPI或Apache Module)

2、FastCGI进程管理器自身初始化，启动多个CGI解释器进程(可见多个php-cgi)并等待WebServer的连接。

3、当客户端请求到达Web Server时，FastCGI进程管理器选择并连接到一个CGI解释器。 Web server将CGI环境变量和标准输入发送到FastCGI子进程php-cgi。

4、FastCGI子进程完成处理后将标准输出和错误信息从同一连接返回Web Server。当FastCGI子进程关闭连接时，请求便告处理完成。FastCGI子进程接着等待并处理来自FastCGI进程管理器(运行在Web Server中)的下一个连接。在CGI模式中，php-cgi在此便退出了。

在本文中讲解下PHP(FastCGI)服务的安装

1.安装php(FastCgi )所需的lib

php 需要安装的lib 有很多，其中libiconv无法通过yum 安装

wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
tar zxf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz 
cd libiconv-1.14
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libiconv
make
make install

其他通过yum 安装即可

 yum -y install zlib-devel libxml2-devel libjpeg-devel libjpeg-turbo-devel libiconv-devel openssl-devel
 yum -y install freetype-devel libpng-devel libcurl-devel libxslt-devel gd-devel
 yum -y install mhash mcrypt libmcrypt-devel

二进制安装Php
rz上传本地或下载二进制安装包

二进制包（认系统）
mv /php/php-5.6.9 /usr/local/php-5.6.9
ln -s /usr/local/php-5.6.9 /usr/local/php

源码包

tar xf php-5.5.32.tar.gz
cd php-5.5.32
./configure –prefix=/application/php5.5.32 –with-mysql=mysqlnd –with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd –with-iconv-dir=/usr/local/libiconv –with-freetype-dir –with-jpeg-dir –with-png-dir –with-zlib –with-libxml-dir=/usr –enable-xml –disable-rpath –enable-bcmath –enable-shmop –enable-sysvsem –enable-inline-optimization –with-curl –enable-mbregex –enable-fpm –enable-mbstring –with-mcrypt –with-gd –enable-gd-native-ttf –with-openssl –with-mhash –enable-pcntl –enable-sockets –with-xmlrpc –enable-soap –enable-short-tags –enable-static –with-xsl –with-fpm-user=www –with-fpm-group=nginx –enable-ftp –enable-opcache=no –with-gettext –with-mysqli=mysqlnd

启动php-fpm

/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm

配置nginx 支持php-fpm

nginx.conf

worker_processes  4;

events {
    use epoll;
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
include       mime.types;
default_type  application/octet-stream;

log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

access_log  /application/nginx/logs/access.log  main;



(缓存区配置可暂时忽视)
server_names_hash_max_size 512;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout  65;
client_header_timeout 15;
client_body_timeout 15;
send_timeout 60;
client_max_body_size 8m;


fastcgi_cache_valid 200 302 1h;
fastcgi_cache_valid 301 1d;
fastcgi_cache_valid any 1m;
fastcgi_cache_min_uses 1;
fastcgi_cache_use_stale error timeout invalid_header http_500;
fastcgi_cache_key http://$host$request_uri;


 include /application/nginx/conf/hjy.conf;

hjy.conf

server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  www.xxx.com;
    ###必须存在
    root   html/xiaohuang;

    location / {
       index index.php index.html index.htm;
    }

    ###配置核心（使nginx支持fpm）
    location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$ {
       fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
       fastcgi_index index.php;
       include fastcgi.conf; 
    }

    location模块（可暂时忽视）
    location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$ {
       expires 3650d;
    }
    location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$ {
       expires 365d;
    }
    location ~ ^/images/.*\.(php|php5|sh|pl|py)$ {
            deny all;
    }
    location ~ ^/static/.*\.(php|php5|sh|pl|py)$ {
            deny all;
    }
    location ~ ^/data/.*\.(php|php5|sh|pl|py)$ {
            deny all;
    }
    
    
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   html;
    }

}

重启nginx

/application/nginx -t

/application/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

基于前两篇，
nginx浅析：https://www.jianshu.com/p/c7880933457e
mysql安装：https://www.jianshu.com/p/4f6b7ebd6779
完成一系列lnmp基本就搭建完毕了。