过去将来时讲解

作者: f39cff225668 | 来源:发表于2019-06-15 23:27 被阅读3次

    一、过去将来时的概念

     一般过去将来时:表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。 一般过去将来时的出发点是过去,即从过去某一时刻看以后要发生的动作或状态。

      构成:一般过去将来时是由"should / would + 动词原形"构成的。(一般过去将来时常用于间接引语中)

      肯定句:主语+be(was,were)going to+动词原形.

      否定句:主语+be(was,were)not going to+动词原形.

      疑问句:Be(Was,Were)+主语+going to+动词原形?

      肯定句:主语+would(should)+动词原形.

      否定句:主语+would(should)not+动词原形.

      疑问句:Would(Should)+主语+动词原形?

      例如:

      1. He asked me yesterday when I should leave for Paris.(昨天他问我什么时候动身去巴黎。)

      2. They wanted to know how they would finish the homework earlier.(他们想知道怎样才能早一点儿完成家庭作业。)


    二、过去将来时用法、定义详细讲解

    1、表示从过去某时看来将要发生的动作或存在状态。

    例句:

    He said that he would wait for us at the bus stop.他说他要在车站等我们的。

    She hoped that they would meet again someday.她希望将来有一天他们能再见面。

    2、表示过去的某种习惯性行为,只用would。

    例句:

    Whenever we had trouble,he would come to help us.每当我们遇到困难时,他总会给予帮助。

    3、表示过去将来时的几种结构。

    1)was/were going to do这种结构表示准备、计划做某事,或将要发生某事。

    例句:

    She was not going to do anything that evening.那天晚上她不准备做任何事。

    When they arrived the plane was just going to take off.飞机正要起飞时他们到了。

    2)was/were about to do这种结构表示“正要、即将”。

    例句:

    He was about to be transferred to a seaside town.他正要被调往一座海滨小城。

    3)was/were on the point of doing这种结构表示“正要……时”。

    例句:

    He was on the point of leaving when we came in.我们进来时,他正要动身。

    4)was/were due to do这种结构表示“定于(某事做某事)”。

    例句:

    The ship was due to leave at mid-night.船定于午夜起航。

    The talk was due to last for three days.谈话将要进行三天。

    5)go,come,leave,take off等少数动词可用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的情况。

    例句:

    A lot of people were coming to watch the fireworks.有许多人要来观看焰火。

    She told mother that she was going to a dance with Tom.她告诉母亲,她要和汤姆一起去参加一个舞会。

    6)was/were to do这种结构表示曾计划做某事,如果计划的事情没有实现,要用不定式完成式。

    例句:

    She said she was to take up the position.她说她要承担这个职务。

    She said she was to have taken up the position,but later changed her mind.她说她本打算承担这个职务的,但是后来改变了主意。

    基本用法:

      一般过去将来时可用来表示非真实的动作或状态:If I had a chance to study abroad, I would study at University of Cambridge.(如果我有机会出国学习的话,我就会去剑桥大学。)

      其他表达法:

      1. was/were going to + 动词原形:He said that he was going to live in the country when he retired.(他说他退休后要住在农村。)

      2. was/were + 动词-ing形式:Nobody knew whether the guests were coming.(没人知道客人们是否要来。)

      3. was/were + 动词不定式:She said she was to clean the classroom after school.(她说她放学后要打扫教室。)

      注意:

      1. "was/were going to + 动词原形"或"was/were +动词不定式完成式"可表示未能实现的过去将来时间的动作。

      例如:Last Sunday we were going to visit the Great Wall, but it rained.(上星期天我们本想去游览长城的,但却下雨了。)

      2. "was/were about to do"表示说话的瞬间就会发生的动作。

      例如:I felt something terrible was about to happen.(我觉得有可怕的事要发生了。)

      3. was/were on the point of doing

      例如:I'm glad you have come. I was on the point of calling you, but you've saved me the trouble now.(很高兴你来了。我正准备给你打电话,现在你省去我这个麻烦了。)

      4. "be about to do" 和 "be on the point of doing"结构一般不与表示将来的时间状语连用,但后面可以接when引导的分句。

      例如:I was about to start when it suddenly began to rain.(我正要动身天突然下雨了。)

      5. 过去将来时常可用来表示过去习惯性的动作。此时,不管什么人称,一律用would。

      例如:This door wouldn't open.(这扇门老是打不开。 )

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