现在年轻人脱发的情况越来越普遍，一般认为这跟工作压力太大有关。最新的科学研究表明，空气污染也是造成脱发的原因之一。
Air pollution can cause baldness
by Henry Bodkin
Air pollution may be causing baldness, scientists have shown for the first time.
cause /kɔːz/ v. 造成、导致
baldness /ˈbɔːldnəs/ n. 秃、谢顶（由bald加后缀-ness变成名词）
A new study found that fine particulate matter emitted by cars damages the skin that holds hair follicles（毛囊） in place. A series of laboratory tests on human cells showed that levels of the crucial proteins needed for hair to grow and be retained decreased the more they were exposed to pollution particles.
fine /faɪn/ adj. 细小的、微小的
particulate /pɑːˈtɪkjulət/ adj. 颗粒的、微粒的
matter /ˈmætə(r)/ n. 物质（particulate matter指空气中的悬浮颗粒物，简称PM）
emit /ɪˈmɪt/ v. 排放、散发
series /ˈsɪəriːz/ n. 一系列（单数和复数都是series）
cell /sel/ n. 细胞
level /ˈlev(ə)l/ n. 水平、浓度
crucial /ˈkruːʃ(ə)l/ adj. 至关重要的
protein /ˈprəʊtiːn/ n. 蛋白质
retain /rɪˈteɪn/ v. 保留、保有
expose /ɪkˈspəʊz/ v. 使（无防护地）接触（有害物质）
particle /ˈpɑːtɪk(ə)l/ n. 颗粒、微粒
While there is a growing body of evidence showing how these tiny particles can damage internal health, including by entering the bloodstream through the lungs, this is the first to demonstrate such a risk to the surface of the body.
body /ˈbɒdi/ n. 大量、大批
evidence /ˈevɪd(ə)ns/ n. 证据
internal /ɪnˈtɜːn(ə)l/ adj. 体内的
bloodstream /ˈblʌdstriːm/ n. 血流、体内循环的血液（由blood和stream组成）
lung /lʌŋ/ n. 肺
demonstrate /ˈdemənstreɪt/ v. 展示、展现
risk /rɪsk/ n. 风险
surface /ˈsɜːfɪs/ n. 表面
The study was conducted by exposing cells from the human follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPCs), to various concentrations of PM10-like dust and diesel particulate. After 24 hours the researchers performed a process, known as western blotting, to detect the levels of specific proteins in the cells.
conduct /kənˈdʌkt/ v. 做、实施
human follicle dermal papilla cell 人毛囊真皮乳头细胞
concentration /ˌkɒns(ə)nˈtreɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 浓度
PM10 指直径在10微米以下的悬浮颗粒物
diesel /ˈdiːz(ə)l/ n. 柴油
particulate /pɑːˈtɪkjulət/ n. 颗粒、微粒
researcher /rɪˈsɜːtʃə(r)/ n. 研究者（由research加上表示人的后缀-er）
perform /pəˈfɔːm/ v. 做
process /ˈprəʊses/ n. 过程、实验流程
western blotting 蛋白质印迹法
detect /dɪˈtekt/ v. 检测
specific /spəˈsɪfɪk/ adj. 特定的、特有的
The results showed that the presence of PM10 and diesel particulate decreased levels of β-catenin, the protein responsible for hair growth. The study also revealed that the levels of three other proteins – cyclin D1, cyclin E and CDK2 – which are responsible for hair growth and hair retention, were decreased by PM10-like dust and diesel particulate in a "dose-dependent" manner.
presence /ˈprez(ə)ns/ n. 在场、存在
responsible /rɪˈspɒnsəb(ə)l/ adj. 负责的
growth /ɡrəʊθ/ n. 生长
reveal /rɪˈviːl/ v. 揭示
retention /rɪˈtenʃ(ə)n/ n. 保留、保有
dose /dəʊs/ n. 剂量
dependent /dɪˈpendənt/ adj. 取决于…的（由depend加后缀-ent变成形容词）
manner /ˈmænə(r)/ n. 方式
Dr Hyuk Chul Kwon, who led the study at the Future Science Research Centre in the Republic of Korea, said: "While the link between air pollution and serious diseases such as cancer, COPD（慢性阻塞性肺病） and CVD（心血管疾病） are well-established there is little to no research on the effect of particulate matter exposure on the human skin and hair in particular. Our research explains the mode of action of air pollutants on HFDPCs, showing how the most common air pollutants lead to hair loss."
link /lɪŋk/ n. 联系
well-established 得到确认的、被公认的
exposure /ɪkˈspəʊʒə(r)/ n. （无防护的）接触（由expose加后缀-ure变成名词）
mode /məʊd/ n. 模式、方式
action /ˈækʃ(ə)n/ n. 作用、影响
pollutant /pəˈluːt(ə)nt/ n. 污染物（由pollute加后缀-ant变成名词）
lead to 导致
Recent research in China, the world's most polluted country, found men in their 20s are going bald sooner than previous generations. Although balding is typically associated with advancing age, an increasing number of millennials in the United States say they are experiencing hair loss.
pollute /pəˈluːt/ v. 污染
bald /bɔːld/ adj. 秃顶的
generation /ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 一代人
bald /bɔːld/ v. 变秃
associate /əˈsəʊsieɪt/ v. 联系
millennial /mɪˈleniəl/ n. 一个千禧一代（美国的千禧一代相当于我国的八零后和九零后加起来）
Sources of PM include the burning of fossil fuels, including petrol, diesel and other solid-fuels such as coal, oil and biomass as well as other industrial activities such as building, mining and the manufacturing of building materials like cement（水泥）, ceramics（陶瓷） and bricks.
source /sɔːs/ n. 来源
fossil /ˈfɒs(ə)l/ n. 化石
solid /ˈsɒlɪd/ adj. 固体的
coal /kəʊl/ n. 煤炭
biomass /ˈbaɪəʊˌmæs/ n. 生物质燃料（比如柴草）
as well as = and also
industrial /ɪnˈdʌstriəl/ adj. 工业的（由industry加后缀-al变成形容词）
activity /ækˈtɪvəti/ n. 活动
mining /ˈmaɪnɪŋ/ n. 采矿
manufacture /ˌmænjuˈfæktʃə(r)/ v. 生产、制造
material /məˈtɪəriəl/ n. 原材料
brick /brɪk/ n. 砖头
"While it is difficult to escape ambient（周围环境的） pollution, limiting time walking on busy streets, especially during rush hour, should help to reduce exposure," said Mr Kwon. "If you are exercising outdoors, try to do so in areas that are less polluted and do not spend too much time waiting at traffic hotspots such as traffic lights."
hotspot /ˈhɒtspɒt/ n. 热点（由hot和spot组成）
（如果您发现某些行的最后一个单词被分成两半了，请把您使用的浏览器升级到最新版本就能正常显示了。）
网友评论