对于玩单片机的初学者来说，二进制转换是第一个“拦路虎”，现在不怕了哈(^_^)
第一种方法
#define _bin(a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h) ((h<<7)|(g<<6)|(f<<5)|(e<<4)|(d<<3)|(c<<2)|(b<<1)|(a<<0))
或
#define _BIN(a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h) ((a<<7)|(b<<6)|(c<<5)|(d<<4)|(e<<3)|(f<<2)|(g<<1)|(h<<0))
用的时候如下所示：
P0 = _bin(1,0,0,0,0,1,0,1); //P0 = 0xA1;
第二种方法
#define LongToBin(n) (((n>>21)&0x80)|((n>>18)&0x40)|((n>>15)&0x20)|((n>>12)&0x10)|((n>>9) & 0x08)|((n>>6)&0x04)|((n>>3)&0x02)|((n)&0x01))
#define _bin(n) LongToBin(0x##n##L)
在实际应用中,比如要把P1置为0x0f 可以这样写：
P1=bin(00001111);//P1=0X0f
第三种方法
/*------------binary.h----------------*/
#define B00000000 0x00
#define B00000001 0x01
#define B00000010 0x02
#define B00000011 0x03
#define B00000100 0x04
#define B00000101 0x05
#define B00000110 0x06
#define B00000111 0x07
#define B00001000 0x08
#define B00001001 0x09
#define B00001010 0x0A
#define B00001011 0x0B
#define B00001100 0x0C
#define B00001101 0x0D
#define B00001110 0x0E
#define B00001111 0x0F
#define B00010000 0x10
#define B00010001 0x11
#define B00010010 0x12
#define B00010011 0x13
#define B00010100 0x14
#define B00010101 0x15
#define B00010110 0x16
#define B00010111 0x17
#define B00011000 0x18
#define B00011001 0x19
#define B00011010 0x1A
#define B00011011 0x1B
#define B00011100 0x1C
#define B00011101 0x1D
#define B00011110 0x1E
#define B00011111 0x1F
#define B00100000 0x20
#define B00100001 0x21
#define B00100010 0x22
#define B00100011 0x23
#define B00100100 0x24
#define B00100101 0x25
#define B00100110 0x26
#define B00100111 0x27
#define B00101000 0x28
#define B00101001 0x29
#define B00101010 0x2A
#define B00101011 0x2B
#define B00101100 0x2C
#define B00101101 0x2D
#define B00101110 0x2E
#define B00101111 0x2F
#define B00110000 0x30
#define B00110001 0x31
#define B00110010 0x32
#define B00110011 0x33
#define B00110100 0x34
#define B00110101 0x35
#define B00110110 0x36
#define B00110111 0x37
#define B00111000 0x38
#define B00111001 0x39
#define B00111010 0x3A
#define B00111011 0x3B
#define B00111100 0x3C
#define B00111101 0x3D
#define B00111110 0x3E
#define B00111111 0x3F
#define B01000000 0x40
#define B01000001 0x41
#define B01000010 0x42
#define B01000011 0x43
#define B01000100 0x44
#define B01000101 0x45
#define B01000110 0x46
#define B01000111 0x47
#define B01001000 0x48
#define B01001001 0x49
#define B01001010 0x4A
#define B01001011 0x4B
#define B01001100 0x4C
#define B01001101 0x4D
#define B01001110 0x4E
#define B01001111 0x4F
#define B01010000 0x50
#define B01010001 0x51
#define B01010010 0x52
#define B01010011 0x53
#define B01010100 0x54
#define B01010101 0x55
#define B01010110 0x56
#define B01010111 0x57
#define B01011000 0x58
#define B01011001 0x59
#define B01011010 0x5A
#define B01011011 0x5B
#define B01011100 0x5C
#define B01011101 0x5D
#define B01011110 0x5E
#define B01011111 0x5F
#define B01100000 0x60
#define B01100001 0x61
#define B01100010 0x62
#define B01100011 0x63
#define B01100100 0x64
#define B01100101 0x65
#define B01100110 0x66
#define B01100111 0x67
#define B01101000 0x68
#define B01101001 0x69
#define B01101010 0x6A
#define B01101011 0x6B
#define B01101100 0x6C
#define B01101101 0x6D
#define B01101110 0x6E
#define B01101111 0x6F
#define B01110000 0x70
#define B01110001 0x71
#define B01110010 0x72
#define B01110011 0x73
#define B01110100 0x74
#define B01110101 0x75
#define B01110110 0x76
#define B01110111 0x77
#define B01111000 0x78
#define B01111001 0x79
#define B01111010 0x7A
#define B01111011 0x7B
#define B01111100 0x7C
#define B01111101 0x7D
#define B01111110 0x7E
#define B01111111 0x7F
#define B10000000 0x80
#define B10000001 0x81
#define B10000010 0x82
#define B10000011 0x83
#define B10000100 0x84
#define B10000101 0x85
#define B10000110 0x86
#define B10000111 0x87
#define B10001000 0x88
#define B10001001 0x89
#define B10001010 0x8A
#define B10001011 0x8B
#define B10001100 0x8C
#define B10001101 0x8D
#define B10001110 0x8E
#define B10001111 0x8F
#define B10010000 0x90
#define B10010001 0x91
#define B10010010 0x92
#define B10010011 0x93
#define B10010100 0x94
#define B10010101 0x95
#define B10010110 0x96
#define B10010111 0x97
#define B10011000 0x98
#define B10011001 0x99
#define B10011010 0x9A
#define B10011011 0x9B
#define B10011100 0x9C
#define B10011101 0x9D
#define B10011110 0x9E
#define B10011111 0x9F
#define B10100000 0xA0
#define B10100001 0xA1
#define B10100010 0xA2
#define B10100011 0xA3
#define B10100100 0xA4
#define B10100101 0xA5
#define B10100110 0xA6
#define B10100111 0xA7
#define B10101000 0xA8
#define B10101001 0xA9
#define B10101010 0xAA
#define B10101011 0xAB
#define B10101100 0xAC
#define B10101101 0xAD
#define B10101110 0xAE
#define B10101111 0xAF
#define B10110000 0xB0
#define B10110001 0xB1
#define B10110010 0xB2
#define B10110011 0xB3
#define B10110100 0xB4
#define B10110101 0xB5
#define B10110110 0xB6
#define B10110111 0xB7
#define B10111000 0xB8
#define B10111001 0xB9
#define B10111010 0xBA
#define B10111011 0xBB
#define B10111100 0xBC
#define B10111101 0xBD
#define B10111110 0xBE
#define B10111111 0xBF
#define B11000000 0xC0
#define B11000001 0xC1
#define B11000010 0xC2
#define B11000011 0xC3
#define B11000100 0xC4
#define B11000101 0xC5
#define B11000110 0xC6
#define B11000111 0xC7
#define B11001000 0xC8
#define B11001001 0xC9
#define B11001010 0xCA
#define B11001011 0xCB
#define B11001100 0xCC
#define B11001101 0xCD
#define B11001110 0xCE
#define B11001111 0xCF
#define B11010000 0xD0
#define B11010001 0xD1
#define B11010010 0xD2
#define B11010011 0xD3
#define B11010100 0xD4
#define B11010101 0xD5
#define B11010110 0xD6
#define B11010111 0xD7
#define B11011000 0xD8
#define B11011001 0xD9
#define B11011010 0xDA
#define B11011011 0xDB
#define B11011100 0xDC
#define B11011101 0xDD
#define B11011110 0xDE
#define B11011111 0xDF
#define B11100000 0xE0
#define B11100001 0xE1
#define B11100010 0xE2
#define B11100011 0xE3
#define B11100100 0xE4
#define B11100101 0xE5
#define B11100110 0xE6
#define B11100111 0xE7
#define B11101000 0xE8
#define B11101001 0xE9
#define B11101010 0xEA
#define B11101011 0xEB
#define B11101100 0xEC
#define B11101101 0xED
#define B11101110 0xEE
#define B11101111 0xEF
#define B11110000 0xF0
#define B11110001 0xF1
#define B11110010 0xF2
#define B11110011 0xF3
#define B11110100 0xF4
#define B11110101 0xF5
#define B11110110 0xF6
#define B11110111 0xF7
#define B11111000 0xF8
#define B11111001 0xF9
#define B11111010 0xFA
#define B11111011 0xFB
#define B11111100 0xFC
#define B11111101 0xFD
#define B11111110 0xFE
#define B11111111 0xFF
/*----End----*/
虽然上面3种方法都可以实现相同的功能，但——你喜欢用哪种就用哪种吧（^_^）
而且——能别用就别用，会拉低智商和能力等级的。
参数检查
对于第一种方法来说，只能输入1或0，输入别的数马上就错，所以需要一个名叫参数检查的东西！！！
#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
* @brief The assert_param macro is used for function's parameters check.
* @param expr: If expr is false, it calls assert_failed function which reports
* the name of the source file and the source line number of the call
* that failed. If expr is true, it returns no value.
* @retval None
*/
#define assert_param(expr) ((expr) ? (void)0 : assert_failed((uint8_t *)__FILE__, __LINE__))
/* Exported functions ------------------------------------------------------- */
void assert_failed(uint8_t* file, uint32_t line);
#else
#define assert_param(expr) ((void)0)
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */
举个例子，如果有个函数有8个参数，这8个参数分别是a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h，且这8个参数的取值只能是1或者0，那么先来个宏定义：
#define IS_BIN(a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h) ((a==1||a==0) && \
(b==1||b==0) && \
(c==1||c==0) && \
(d==1||d==0) && \
(e==1||e==0) && \
(f==1||f==0) && \
(g==1||g==0) && \
(h==1||h==0))
用的时候，
void test(uint8_t a,uint8_t b,uint8_t c,uint8_t d,uint8_t e,uint8_t f,uint8_t g,uint8_t h)
{
assert_param(IS_BIN(a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h));
/*
*/
}
如果参数错了，想干点别的事，就把void assert_failed(uint8_t* file, uint32_t line)这函数写一下吧。
再来一个例子：
typedef enum
{
GPIO_Speed_10MHz = 1,
GPIO_Speed_2MHz,
GPIO_Speed_50MHz
}GPIOSpeed_TypeDef;
#define IS_GPIO_SPEED(SPEED) (((SPEED) == GPIO_Speed_10MHz) || ((SPEED) == GPIO_Speed_2MHz) || \
((SPEED) == GPIO_Speed_50MHz))
/**
* @brief Initializes the GPIOx peripheral according to the specified
* parameters in the GPIO_InitStruct.
* @param GPIOx: where x can be (A..G) to select the GPIO peripheral.
* @param GPIO_InitStruct: pointer to a GPIO_InitTypeDef structure that
* contains the configuration information for the specified GPIO peripheral.
* @retval None
*/
void GPIO_Init(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, GPIO_InitTypeDef* GPIO_InitStruct)
{
uint32_t currentmode = 0x00, currentpin = 0x00, pinpos = 0x00, pos = 0x00;
uint32_t tmpreg = 0x00, pinmask = 0x00;
/* Check the parameters */
assert_param(IS_GPIO_ALL_PERIPH(GPIOx));
assert_param(IS_GPIO_MODE(GPIO_InitStruct->GPIO_Mode));
assert_param(IS_GPIO_PIN(GPIO_InitStruct->GPIO_Pin));
/*---------------------------- GPIO Mode Configuration -----------------------*/
currentmode = ((uint32_t)GPIO_InitStruct->GPIO_Mode) & ((uint32_t)0x0F);
if ((((uint32_t)GPIO_InitStruct->GPIO_Mode) & ((uint32_t)0x10)) != 0x00)
{
/* Check the parameters */
assert_param(IS_GPIO_SPEED(GPIO_InitStruct->GPIO_Speed));//这一行看到了吗
/* Output mode */
currentmode |= (uint32_t)GPIO_InitStruct->GPIO_Speed;
}
/*---------------------------- GPIO CRL Configuration ------------------------*/
/* Configure the eight low port pins */
if (((uint32_t)GPIO_InitStruct->GPIO_Pin & ((uint32_t)0x00FF)) != 0x00)
{
tmpreg = GPIOx->CRL;
for (pinpos = 0x00; pinpos < 0x08; pinpos++)
{
pos = ((uint32_t)0x01) << pinpos;
/* Get the port pins position */
currentpin = (GPIO_InitStruct->GPIO_Pin) & pos;
if (currentpin == pos)
{
pos = pinpos << 2;
/* Clear the corresponding low control register bits */
pinmask = ((uint32_t)0x0F) << pos;
tmpreg &= ~pinmask;
/* Write the mode configuration in the corresponding bits */
tmpreg |= (currentmode << pos);
/* Reset the corresponding ODR bit */
if (GPIO_InitStruct->GPIO_Mode == GPIO_Mode_IPD)
{
GPIOx->BRR = (((uint32_t)0x01) << pinpos);
}
else
{
/* Set the corresponding ODR bit */
if (GPIO_InitStruct->GPIO_Mode == GPIO_Mode_IPU)
{
GPIOx->BSRR = (((uint32_t)0x01) << pinpos);
}
}
}
}
GPIOx->CRL = tmpreg;
}
/*---------------------------- GPIO CRH Configuration ------------------------*/
/* Configure the eight high port pins */
if (GPIO_InitStruct->GPIO_Pin > 0x00FF)
{
tmpreg = GPIOx->CRH;
for (pinpos = 0x00; pinpos < 0x08; pinpos++)
{
pos = (((uint32_t)0x01) << (pinpos + 0x08));
/* Get the port pins position */
currentpin = ((GPIO_InitStruct->GPIO_Pin) & pos);
if (currentpin == pos)
{
pos = pinpos << 2;
/* Clear the corresponding high control register bits */
pinmask = ((uint32_t)0x0F) << pos;
tmpreg &= ~pinmask;
/* Write the mode configuration in the corresponding bits */
tmpreg |= (currentmode << pos);
/* Reset the corresponding ODR bit */
if (GPIO_InitStruct->GPIO_Mode == GPIO_Mode_IPD)
{
GPIOx->BRR = (((uint32_t)0x01) << (pinpos + 0x08));
}
/* Set the corresponding ODR bit */
if (GPIO_InitStruct->GPIO_Mode == GPIO_Mode_IPU)
{
GPIOx->BSRR = (((uint32_t)0x01) << (pinpos + 0x08));
}
}
}
GPIOx->CRH = tmpreg;
}
}
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