1.Acache
ASimpleCache是一个为Android制定的轻量级的开源缓存框架。轻到只有一个Java文件。(由十几个类精简而来)
特色
- 轻,轻到只有一个java文件。
- 可以配置缓存路径,缓存大小,缓存数量等。
- 可以设置缓存超时时间,缓存超时自动失效,并被删除。
- 支持多进程
应用场景
- 替换SharePreference当作配置文件
- 可以缓存网络请求框架,比如oschina的android客户端可以缓存http请求的新闻内容,缓存时间假设为1个小时,超时后自动失效,让客户端重新请求新的数据,减少客户端的流量,同时减少服务器并发量。
主要的Acache文件如下:
public class ACache {
/**设置的缓存的时间*/
public static final int TIME_HOUR = 60 * 60;//1小时
public static final int TIME_DAY = TIME_HOUR * 24;//1天
/**设置的缓存的大小*/
private static final int MAX_SIZE = 1000 * 1000 * 50; // 50 MB
private static final int MAX_COUNT = Integer.MAX_VALUE; // 不限制存放数据的数量
/**声明一个Map,用于存放ACache对象*/
private static Map<String, ACache> mInstanceMap = new HashMap<String, ACache>();
/**缓存管理器*/
private ACacheManager mCacheManager;
//ACache类的构造方法为private的,所以只能通过get方式获取实例。
private ACache(File cacheDir, long max_size, int max_count) {
//如果cacheDir文件不存在并且无法新建子目录,则报错
if (!cacheDir.exists() && !cacheDir.mkdirs()) {
throw new RuntimeException("can't make dirs in " + cacheDir.getAbsolutePath());
}
//实例化缓存管理器对象
mCacheManager = new ACacheManager(cacheDir, max_size, max_count);
}
//默认情况下调用该方法
public static ACache get(Context ctx) {
return get(ctx, "ACache");
}
public static ACache get(Context ctx, long max_zise, int max_count) {
File f = new File(ctx.getCacheDir(), "ACache");
return get(f, max_zise, max_count);
}
public static ACache get(Context ctx, String cacheName) {
File f = new File(ctx.getCacheDir(), cacheName);
return get(f, MAX_SIZE, MAX_COUNT);
}
public static ACache get(File cacheDir) {
return get(cacheDir, MAX_SIZE, MAX_COUNT);
}
//最终默认调用的实例方法
public static ACache get(File cacheDir, long max_zise, int max_count) {
//Map中的Key值为cacheDir.getAbsoluteFile() + myPid(),例如:/data/data/com.yangfuhai.asimplecachedemo/cache/ACache_16609
ACache manager = mInstanceMap.get(cacheDir.getAbsoluteFile() + myPid());
if (manager == null) {
manager = new ACache(cacheDir, max_zise, max_count);
//Log.v("ACache", cacheDir.getAbsolutePath() + myPid());
mInstanceMap.put(cacheDir.getAbsolutePath() + myPid(), manager);
}
return manager;
}
private static String myPid() {
return "_" + android.os.Process.myPid();
}
/**
* Provides a means to save a cached file before the data are available.
* Since writing about the file is complete, and its close method is called,
* its contents will be registered in the cache. Example of use:
*
* ACache cache = new ACache(this) try { OutputStream stream =
* cache.put("myFileName") stream.write("some bytes".getBytes()); // now
* update cache! stream.close(); } catch(FileNotFoundException e){
* e.printStackTrace() }
*/
class xFileOutputStream extends FileOutputStream {
File file;
public xFileOutputStream(File file) throws FileNotFoundException {
super(file);
this.file = file;
}
public void close() throws IOException {
super.close();
mCacheManager.put(file);
}
}
// =======================================
// ============ String数据 读写 ==============
// =======================================
/**
* 保存 String数据 到 缓存中
*
* @param key
* 保存的key
* @param value
* 保存的String数据
*/
//在ACache目录下创建一个文件,文件名为:File(cacheDir, key.hashCode() + “”)。然后将数据存入文件
public void put(String key, String value) {
File file = mCacheManager.newFile(key);
BufferedWriter out = null;
try {
out = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(file), 1024);
out.write(value);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (out != null) {
try {
out.flush();
out.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
mCacheManager.put(file);
}
}
/**
* 保存 String数据 到 缓存中一定时间
*
* @param key
* 保存的key
* @param value
* 保存的String数据
* @param saveTime
* 保存的时间,单位:秒
*/
public void put(String key, String value, int saveTime) {
put(key, Utils.newStringWithDateInfo(saveTime, value));
}
/**
* 读取 String数据
*
* @param key
* @return String 数据
*/
public String getAsString(String key) {
File file = mCacheManager.get(key);
if (!file.exists())
return null;
boolean removeFile = false;
BufferedReader in = null;
try {
in = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file));
String readString = "";
String currentLine;
while ((currentLine = in.readLine()) != null) {
readString += currentLine;
}
if (!Utils.isDue(readString)) {
return Utils.clearDateInfo(readString);
} else {
removeFile = true;
return null;
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
} finally {
if (in != null) {
try {
in.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (removeFile)
remove(key);
}
}
// =======================================
// ============= JSONObject 数据 读写 ==============
// =======================================
/**
* 保存 JSONObject数据 到 缓存中
*
* @param key
* 保存的key
* @param value
* 保存的JSON数据
*/
public void put(String key, JSONObject value) {
put(key, value.toString());
}
/**
* 保存 JSONObject数据 到 缓存中
*
* @param key
* 保存的key
* @param value
* 保存的JSONObject数据
* @param saveTime
* 保存的时间,单位:秒
*/
public void put(String key, JSONObject value, int saveTime) {
put(key, value.toString(), saveTime);
}
/**
* 读取JSONObject数据
*
* @param key
* @return JSONObject数据
*/
public JSONObject getAsJSONObject(String key) {
String JSONString = getAsString(key);
if(JSONString != null){
try {
JSONObject obj = new JSONObject(JSONString);
return obj;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}else{
return null;
}
}
// =======================================
// ============ JSONArray 数据 读写 =============
// =======================================
/**
* 保存 JSONArray数据 到 缓存中
*
* @param key
* 保存的key
* @param value
* 保存的JSONArray数据
*/
public void put(String key, JSONArray value) {
put(key, value.toString());
}
/**
* 保存 JSONArray数据 到 缓存中
*
* @param key
* 保存的key
* @param value
* 保存的JSONArray数据
* @param saveTime
* 保存的时间,单位:秒
*/
public void put(String key, JSONArray value, int saveTime) {
put(key, value.toString(), saveTime);
}
/**
* 读取JSONArray数据
*
* @param key
* @return JSONArray数据
*/
public JSONArray getAsJSONArray(String key) {
String JSONString = getAsString(key);
try {
JSONArray obj = new JSONArray(JSONString);
return obj;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
// =======================================
// ============== byte 数据 读写 =============
// =======================================
/**
* 保存 byte数据 到 缓存中
*
* @param key
* 保存的key
* @param value
* 保存的数据
*/
public void put(String key, byte[] value) {
File file = mCacheManager.newFile(key);
FileOutputStream out = null;
try {
out = new FileOutputStream(file);
out.write(value);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (out != null) {
try {
out.flush();
out.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
mCacheManager.put(file);
}
}
/**
* Cache for a stream
*
* @param key
* the file name.
* @return OutputStream stream for writing data.
* @throws FileNotFoundException
* if the file can not be created.
*/
public OutputStream put(String key) throws FileNotFoundException {
return new xFileOutputStream(mCacheManager.newFile(key));
}
/**
*
* @param key
* the file name.
* @return (InputStream or null) stream previously saved in cache.
* @throws FileNotFoundException
* if the file can not be opened
*/
public InputStream get(String key) throws FileNotFoundException {
File file = mCacheManager.get(key);
if (!file.exists())
return null;
return new FileInputStream(file);
}
/**
* 保存 byte数据 到 缓存中
*
* @param key
* 保存的key
* @param value
* 保存的数据
* @param saveTime
* 保存的时间,单位:秒
*/
public void put(String key, byte[] value, int saveTime) {
put(key, Utils.newByteArrayWithDateInfo(saveTime, value));
}
/**
* 获取 byte 数据
*
* @param key
* @return byte 数据
*/
public byte[] getAsBinary(String key) {
RandomAccessFile RAFile = null;
boolean removeFile = false;
try {
File file = mCacheManager.get(key);
if (!file.exists())
return null;
RAFile = new RandomAccessFile(file, "r");
byte[] byteArray = new byte[(int) RAFile.length()];
RAFile.read(byteArray);
if (!Utils.isDue(byteArray)) {
return Utils.clearDateInfo(byteArray);
} else {
removeFile = true;
return null;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
} finally {
if (RAFile != null) {
try {
RAFile.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (removeFile)
remove(key);
}
}
// =======================================
// ============= 序列化 数据 读写 ===============
// =======================================
/**
* 保存 Serializable数据 到 缓存中
*
* @param key
* 保存的key
* @param value
* 保存的value
*/
public void put(String key, Serializable value) {
put(key, value, -1);
}
/**
* 保存 Serializable数据到 缓存中
*
* @param key
* 保存的key
* @param value
* 保存的value
* @param saveTime
* 保存的时间,单位:秒
*/
public void put(String key, Serializable value, int saveTime) {
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = null;
ObjectOutputStream oos = null;
try {
baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
oos = new ObjectOutputStream(baos);
oos.writeObject(value);
byte[] data = baos.toByteArray();
if (saveTime != -1) {
put(key, data, saveTime);
} else {
put(key, data);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
oos.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
}
}
}
/**
* 读取 Serializable数据
*
* @param key
* @return Serializable 数据
*/
public Object getAsObject(String key) {
byte[] data = getAsBinary(key);
if (data != null) {
ByteArrayInputStream bais = null;
ObjectInputStream ois = null;
try {
bais = new ByteArrayInputStream(data);
ois = new ObjectInputStream(bais);
Object reObject = ois.readObject();
return reObject;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
} finally {
try {
if (bais != null)
bais.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
try {
if (ois != null)
ois.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
return null;
}
// =======================================
// ============== bitmap 数据 读写 =============
// =======================================
/**
* 保存 bitmap 到 缓存中
*
* @param key
* 保存的key
* @param value
* 保存的bitmap数据
*/
public void put(String key, Bitmap value) {
put(key, Utils.Bitmap2Bytes(value));
}
/**
* 保存 bitmap 到 缓存中
*
* @param key
* 保存的key
* @param value
* 保存的 bitmap 数据
* @param saveTime
* 保存的时间,单位:秒
*/
public void put(String key, Bitmap value, int saveTime) {
put(key, Utils.Bitmap2Bytes(value), saveTime);
}
/**
* 读取 bitmap 数据
*
* @param key
* @return bitmap 数据
*/
public Bitmap getAsBitmap(String key) {
if (getAsBinary(key) == null) {
return null;
}
return Utils.Bytes2Bimap(getAsBinary(key));
}
// =======================================
// ============= drawable 数据 读写 =============
// =======================================
/**
* 保存 drawable 到 缓存中
*
* @param key
* 保存的key
* @param value
* 保存的drawable数据
*/
public void put(String key, Drawable value) {
put(key, Utils.drawable2Bitmap(value));
}
/**
* 保存 drawable 到 缓存中
*
* @param key
* 保存的key
* @param value
* 保存的 drawable 数据
* @param saveTime
* 保存的时间,单位:秒
*/
public void put(String key, Drawable value, int saveTime) {
put(key, Utils.drawable2Bitmap(value), saveTime);
}
/**
* 读取 Drawable 数据
*
* @param key
* @return Drawable 数据
*/
public Drawable getAsDrawable(String key) {
if (getAsBinary(key) == null) {
return null;
}
return Utils.bitmap2Drawable(Utils.Bytes2Bimap(getAsBinary(key)));
}
/**
* 获取缓存文件
*
* @param key
* @return value 缓存的文件
*/
public File file(String key) {
File f = mCacheManager.newFile(key);
if (f.exists())
return f;
return null;
}
/**
* 移除某个key
*
* @param key
* @return 是否移除成功
*/
public boolean remove(String key) {
return mCacheManager.remove(key);
}
/**
* 清除所有数据
*/
public void clear() {
mCacheManager.clear();
}
/**
* @title 缓存管理器
* @author 杨福海(michael) www.yangfuhai.com
* @version 1.0
*/
public class ACacheManager {
private final AtomicLong cacheSize;
private final AtomicInteger cacheCount;
private final long sizeLimit;
private final int countLimit;
private final Map<File, Long> lastUsageDates = Collections.synchronizedMap(new HashMap<File, Long>());
protected File cacheDir;
private ACacheManager(File cacheDir, long sizeLimit, int countLimit) {
this.cacheDir = cacheDir;
this.sizeLimit = sizeLimit;
this.countLimit = countLimit;
cacheSize = new AtomicLong();
cacheCount = new AtomicInteger();
calculateCacheSizeAndCacheCount();
}
/**
* 计算 cacheSize和cacheCount
*/
private void calculateCacheSizeAndCacheCount() {
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
int size = 0;
int count = 0;
File[] cachedFiles = cacheDir.listFiles();
if (cachedFiles != null) {
for (File cachedFile : cachedFiles) {
size += calculateSize(cachedFile);
count += 1;
lastUsageDates.put(cachedFile, cachedFile.lastModified());
}
cacheSize.set(size);
cacheCount.set(count);
}
}
}).start();
}
private void put(File file) {
int curCacheCount = cacheCount.get();
while (curCacheCount + 1 > countLimit) {
long freedSize = removeNext();
cacheSize.addAndGet(-freedSize);
curCacheCount = cacheCount.addAndGet(-1);
}
cacheCount.addAndGet(1);
long valueSize = calculateSize(file);
long curCacheSize = cacheSize.get();
while (curCacheSize + valueSize > sizeLimit) {
long freedSize = removeNext();
curCacheSize = cacheSize.addAndGet(-freedSize);
}
cacheSize.addAndGet(valueSize);
Long currentTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
file.setLastModified(currentTime);
lastUsageDates.put(file, currentTime);
}
private File get(String key) {
File file = newFile(key);
Long currentTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
file.setLastModified(currentTime);
lastUsageDates.put(file, currentTime);
return file;
}
private File newFile(String key) {
return new File(cacheDir, key.hashCode() + "");
}
private boolean remove(String key) {
File image = get(key);
return image.delete();
}
private void clear() {
lastUsageDates.clear();
cacheSize.set(0);
File[] files = cacheDir.listFiles();
if (files != null) {
for (File f : files) {
f.delete();
}
}
}
/**
* 移除旧的文件
*
* @return
*/
private long removeNext() {
if (lastUsageDates.isEmpty()) {
return 0;
}
Long oldestUsage = null;
File mostLongUsedFile = null;
Set<Map.Entry<File, Long>> entries = lastUsageDates.entrySet();
synchronized (lastUsageDates) {
for (Map.Entry<File, Long> entry : entries) {
if (mostLongUsedFile == null) {
mostLongUsedFile = entry.getKey();
oldestUsage = entry.getValue();
} else {
Long lastValueUsage = entry.getValue();
if (lastValueUsage < oldestUsage) {
oldestUsage = lastValueUsage;
mostLongUsedFile = entry.getKey();
}
}
}
}
long fileSize = calculateSize(mostLongUsedFile);
if (mostLongUsedFile.delete()) {
lastUsageDates.remove(mostLongUsedFile);
}
return fileSize;
}
private long calculateSize(File file) {
return file.length();
}
}
/**
* @title 时间计算工具类
* @author 杨福海(michael) www.yangfuhai.com
* @version 1.0
*/
private static class Utils {
/**
* 判断缓存的String数据是否到期
*
* @param str
* @return true:到期了 false:还没有到期
*/
private static boolean isDue(String str) {
return isDue(str.getBytes());
}
/**
* 判断缓存的byte数据是否到期
*
* @param data
* @return true:到期了 false:还没有到期
*/
private static boolean isDue(byte[] data) {
String[] strs = getDateInfoFromDate(data);
if (strs != null && strs.length == 2) {
String saveTimeStr = strs[0];
while (saveTimeStr.startsWith("0")) {
saveTimeStr = saveTimeStr.substring(1, saveTimeStr.length());
}
long saveTime = Long.valueOf(saveTimeStr);
long deleteAfter = Long.valueOf(strs[1]);
if (System.currentTimeMillis() > saveTime + deleteAfter * 1000) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
private static String newStringWithDateInfo(int second, String strInfo) {
return createDateInfo(second) + strInfo;
}
private static byte[] newByteArrayWithDateInfo(int second, byte[] data2) {
byte[] data1 = createDateInfo(second).getBytes();
byte[] retdata = new byte[data1.length + data2.length];
System.arraycopy(data1, 0, retdata, 0, data1.length);
System.arraycopy(data2, 0, retdata, data1.length, data2.length);
return retdata;
}
private static String clearDateInfo(String strInfo) {
if (strInfo != null && hasDateInfo(strInfo.getBytes())) {
strInfo = strInfo.substring(strInfo.indexOf(mSeparator) + 1, strInfo.length());
}
return strInfo;
}
private static byte[] clearDateInfo(byte[] data) {
if (hasDateInfo(data)) {
return copyOfRange(data, indexOf(data, mSeparator) + 1, data.length);
}
return data;
}
private static boolean hasDateInfo(byte[] data) {
return data != null && data.length > 15 && data[13] == '-' && indexOf(data, mSeparator) > 14;
}
private static String[] getDateInfoFromDate(byte[] data) {
if (hasDateInfo(data)) {
String saveDate = new String(copyOfRange(data, 0, 13));
String deleteAfter = new String(copyOfRange(data, 14, indexOf(data, mSeparator)));
return new String[] { saveDate, deleteAfter };
}
return null;
}
private static int indexOf(byte[] data, char c) {
for (int i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
if (data[i] == c) {
return i;
}
}
return -1;
}
private static byte[] copyOfRange(byte[] original, int from, int to) {
int newLength = to - from;
if (newLength < 0)
throw new IllegalArgumentException(from + " > " + to);
byte[] copy = new byte[newLength];
System.arraycopy(original, from, copy, 0, Math.min(original.length - from, newLength));
return copy;
}
private static final char mSeparator = ' ';
private static String createDateInfo(int second) {
String currentTime = System.currentTimeMillis() + "";
while (currentTime.length() < 13) {
currentTime = "0" + currentTime;
}
return currentTime + "-" + second + mSeparator;
}
/*
* Bitmap → byte[]
*/
private static byte[] Bitmap2Bytes(Bitmap bm) {
if (bm == null) {
return null;
}
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
bm.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, baos);
return baos.toByteArray();
}
/*
* byte[] → Bitmap
*/
private static Bitmap Bytes2Bimap(byte[] b) {
if (b.length == 0) {
return null;
}
return BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(b, 0, b.length);
}
/*
* Drawable → Bitmap
*/
private static Bitmap drawable2Bitmap(Drawable drawable) {
if (drawable == null) {
return null;
}
// 取 drawable 的长宽
int w = drawable.getIntrinsicWidth();
int h = drawable.getIntrinsicHeight();
// 取 drawable 的颜色格式
Bitmap.Config config = drawable.getOpacity() != PixelFormat.OPAQUE ? Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888 : Bitmap.Config.RGB_565;
// 建立对应 bitmap
Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(w, h, config);
// 建立对应 bitmap 的画布
Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);
drawable.setBounds(0, 0, w, h);
// 把 drawable 内容画到画布中
drawable.draw(canvas);
return bitmap;
}
/*
* Bitmap → Drawable
*/
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
private static Drawable bitmap2Drawable(Bitmap bm) {
if (bm == null) {
return null;
}
BitmapDrawable bd=new BitmapDrawable(bm);
bd.setTargetDensity(bm.getDensity());
return new BitmapDrawable(bm);
}
}
}
说明:
存放缓存文件代码如下:
ACache.get(MainActivity.this).put("ListData", (Serializable) listData,60);
public static ACache get(Context ctx, String cacheName) {
File f = new File(ctx.getCacheDir(), cacheName);
return get(f, MAX_SIZE, MAX_COUNT);
}
读取缓存文件代码如下:
ACache.get(MainActivity.this).getAsString("ListData");
看上面的代码我们可以看到,我们调用的是getCacheDir()。也就是缓存路径为:
/data/data/app名/cache。
2.DiskLruCache
1.DisLruCache用于实现硬盘缓存,其核心思想都是LRU(最近最少使用即被淘汰)算法。
2.关于DiskLruCache缓存机制的几个核心类,可以参考这篇文章
https://www.jianshu.com/p/b4d5fedafbe6
3.需要注意的是相关的数据模型需要实现Seriallizable这个接口。
3.RxCache
RxCache是一款专门为Retrofit打造的缓存库。RxCache使用注解来为Retrofit配置缓存信息,内部使用动态代理和Dagger来实现,使用RxCache主要是通过声明一个缓存接口,例子如下:
@ProviderKey("123")
@LifeCache(duration = 3 ,timeUnit = TimeUnit.MINUTES)
Observable<Reply<BaseResponse<List<ListItem>>>>getData(Observable<BaseResponse<List<ListItem>>> Response, DynamicKey username , EvictDynamicKey evictDynamicKey);
另外一个我们需要注意的是,第一个参数需要和Retrofit中的接口返回变量一致。
public interface Service {
/**
* 获取闲读内容的接口
* @return
*/
@GET("xiandu/category/wow")
Observable<BaseResponse<List<ListItem>>>getData();
}
然后我们可以通过一个实现类去实现这个接口:
public class CacheProvidersImp {
private static CacheProviders cacheProviders;
public static String getDiskCachePath(Context context){
if(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(Environment.getExternalStorageState())
|| !Environment.isExternalStorageRemovable()){
return context.getExternalCacheDir().getPath();
}else{
return context.getCacheDir().getPath();
}
}
/**
* 获取缓存接口实例
* @return
*/
public synchronized static CacheProviders getCaches(){
if(cacheProviders == null){
cacheProviders = new RxCache.Builder()
.persistence(BaseApplication.getBaseApplication().getExternalCacheDir(),new GsonSpeaker())//配置缓存地址
.using(CacheProviders.class);//using返回的是一个proxy实例
}
return cacheProviders;
}
}
说明:将接口实例化,和Retrofit构建方式类似
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