09-A cold welcome 冷遇

单词讲解

• 1、welcome

1、n. 欢迎  
       a cold welcome 冷遇
       a warm welcome 一个暖的欢迎

2、v. 欢迎
        welcome you / the New Year
        Welcome to Beijing.

3、adj.受欢迎的
         You are welcome. 你是受欢迎的
         Thank you! You are welcome.

• 2、crowed n.人群

1、a large crowd of people 一大群人

2、crowded adj.拥挤的

• 3、hand n.(表或机器的)指针、手

1、v. 传递  
       hand sth. to sb.     -> 32课

• 4、refuse

refuse you 拒绝你
refuse a request 拒绝一个请求
refuse sb. / sth. = refuse to do sth.

• 5、laugh

1、
  laugh 大笑
  smile 微笑

2、
  laugh at 嘲笑
  laugh at sb. / sth. 嘲笑某人、某事

课文 & 语法讲解

• 1、On Wednesday evening, we went to the Town Hall.

1、On Wednesday evening
2、in the evening

• 2、It was the last day of the year and a large crowd of people had gathered under the Town Hall clock.

1、had gathered 过去完成时
       过去过去时 had + 过去分词

• 3、It would strike twelve in twenty minutes' time.

在将来时中，in + time 表示多长时间之后       

twenty minutes' time中的's，名词所有格。
        名词所有格：
             单个老师： a teacher 是个名词,book 也是个名词，不能连用的。加个's ，就可以连用了 a teacher's books,建立了相互所拥有的形式。 
              多个老师： teachers' books，如果名词后面是s的话，那么后面加个'。

would strike 过去将来时
      形式：
                  1、would  + v.原形
                  2、was/were + going to
      否定
                   1、would + not  + v.原形
                   2、was/were + not + going to

      疑问  
                  1、Would提前
                  2、Was/Were going to

• 4、一般过去时、过去完成时、过去将来时

  • a、过去完成时，强调是过去之前的事
  • b、过去将来时，强调是过去之后的事
  • c、都是发生过去的事

• 5、The big minute hand did not move.

minute hand 分针
hour hand 时针
second hand 秒针,二手的

• 6、We waited and waited, but nothing happened.

waited and waited 表示等了又等

sth. happen to sb. 某事发生在某人身上

• 7、I looked at my watch

look 表示看，是不及物动词。加介词(prep.)就可以接其他东西了```

介词 + 名词、代词(宾格)、动名词

介词 + 名词 构成 "介宾结构",作为宾语
介词 + 代词 要用宾语
介词 + 句子，是个宾语从句

look at 看，考虑，着眼于
look for 寻找
look forward 期待
look after 照顾，关心，目送
look back 回顾，回头看
look in 看望，顺道访问
look out 注意；面朝；照料
look around 游览，到处察看，到处寻找
look upon 看待，把...看作
take a look 看一下
have a look 看一下

• 8、It was true

true adj. 真实的
truth n. 事实，真相
false adj. 不真实的，错误的

• 9、The big clock refused to welcome the New Year.

refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事

• 10、At that moment, everybody began to laugh ...

begin         began begun
             过去式  过去分词

begin to do sth. = begin doing sth. 开始做某事

• 11、表示时间的介词(prep.)

before/after 时间之前之后
from...to...  从...到...  from 10 o'clock to 11
since/util 自从...开始/ 截止...时候
during 在...期间

in 年份、月份、季节
    in 1992
    in January
    in Summer
    in the morning
    in the afternoon
    in the evening    

on 具体某一天
     on Monday
     on April 5th.

at 具体时间点
     at 8 o'clock
     at night
     at midnight
     at noon

练习：
          `__On___` Sundays we don't have to go to work.
           星期日我们不需要上班

          We will be there `__at__` 8:30

          His birthday is `__on__` November 7th.        

          He was born `__in__` 1990.
          他在1990年出生

知识扩展

• 1、__At__ one time, trains were the only practical way to cross the vast areas of the west.

在某个时间点，火车是穿越西部广大地区的唯一实用途径。

• 2、Engaging in leisure-time activities with others helps us to meet our social needs while __at___ the same time distracting (转移...注意力) us from our worries and troubles.

从事休闲活动与他人帮助我们满足我们的社会需要,同时分散(转移…注意力)我们的忧虑和烦恼。

at the same time 在同一时间点

• 3、Erosion(侵蚀) of the white cliffs along the south coast of England has always been a problem but it has become more serious __in__ recent years.

侵蚀(侵蚀)的白色悬崖沿英格兰南部海岸一直是一个问题,但它已成为近年来更严重。

• 4、But that doesn't have to be the outcome. Water shortages do not have to trouble the world - if we start valuing water more than we have __in__ the past.

但这不一定是结果。缺水不会给世界带来麻烦 - 如果我们开始对水的估价超过过去。