Introduction
The graph/table/pie chart/bar chart/diagram ...
gives information about/on ...
provides information about/on ...
shows ...
illustrates ...
compares ...
explains why ...
describes ...
draws the conclusion of (a survey) ...
Types of changes
upward
- Nouns
a rise (of)
an increase (of)
a growth (of)
a peak (of)
a surge (of)
a rise of prices
downward
a fall (in)
a decrease (in)
a decline (in)
a dip (in)
a fall in prices
fluctuation
a fluctuation (of)
a variation (in)
a fluctuation of prices
- Verbs
upward
to rise rise, rose, risen
to increase increase, increased, increased
to surge surge, surged, surged
to grow grow, grew, grown
to peak peak, peaked, peaked
Large rises:
to rocket rocket, rocketed, rocketed
to soar soar, soared, soared
to leap (->leapt) leap, leaped/leapt, leaped
downward
to fall fall, fell, fallen
to decrease decrease, decreased, decreased
to decline decline, declined, declined
to dip dip, dipped, dipped
to dive dive, dived/dove, dived
to plunge plunge, plunged, plunged
Large falls:
to plummet plummet, plummeted, plummeted
fluctuation
to fluctuate fluctuate, fluctuated, fluctuated
to vary vary, varied, varied
Description of changes
Adv.
fast change
sharply
suddenly
rapidly
abruptly
dramatically
significantly
considerably
markedly
wildly
Example: the prices rose sharply
steady change
slightly
gently
gradually
steadily
modestly
marginally
Example: the prices increased modestly
Adj.
Fast change
sharp
sudden
rapid
abrupt
dramatic
steep
significant
considerable
marked
substantial
spectacular
Example: there was a considerable growth
Steady change
slight
gentle
gradual
steady
consistent
modest
marginal
Example: there was a gradual decline
Useful phrases
a small fraction, a small number, a small minority
a large portion, a significant majority
nearly a fifth, almost 10%, in the region of 40%, more than a half, over a quarter, around two thirds, more or less three quarters, exactly one in ten, approximately a third
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