简书大学堂
最近几个月除了工作需要打开的网页之外点开最多的就是简书
再加上最近对爬虫的学习也一直在进行中，于是乎就再爬完拉勾职位信息之后，便将目光锁定在jianshu上了，当然这也是一项实战作业的一部分
初步的思路
今天在用Scrapy写代码的时候，对网页的结构也有了大致的分析，再加上之前罗罗攀的思路，初步我是通过专题入口
- 热门专题
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- 专题管理员 （一般粉丝、文章、字数、收获喜欢、这几项数据都非常漂亮）
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以上红框里的数据项就是我需要爬取的字段
但是以上的思路存在一点的问题：
存在一些简书用户并不是一些热门专题的管理员，但是其人气粉丝量也很高，这个思路可能无法将这些用户爬取下来
进阶的思路
- 热门专题
- 专题关注的人
- 专题关注的人的动态
- ** 推荐作者 粉丝信息**
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优点：
数据大而全，基本包含了99%的用户（个人猜测，不严谨）
缺点：
因为许多用户不止关注一个专题，而且其中包含了大量的新注册用户（数据很多为空），并且也有大量重复数据需要去重
代码部分:
jianshu.py 还在调试阶段，待更新...
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import sys
import json
import requests
import scrapy
import re
from lxml import etree
from scrapy.http import Request
reload(sys)
sys.path.append('..')
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
class jianshu(scrapy.Spider):
name = 'jianshu'
# topic_category = ['city']
topic_category = ['recommend', 'hot', 'city']
base_url = 'http://www.jianshu.com/recommendations/collections?page=%s&order_by=%s'
cookies={
'UM_distinctid': '15b89d53a930-02ab95f11ccae2-51462d15-1aeaa0-15b89d53a9489b',
'CNZZDATA1258679142': '1544557204-1492664886-%7C1493280769',
'_session_id': '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%3D%3D--0849c37208f8c573960d857029c7d6a15145c419',
'remember_user_token':'W1szNDgxMjU3XSwiJDJhJDEwJDlSS3VLcFFWMlZzNFJuOFFNS1JQR3UiLCIxNDk0MjEzNDQ3LjYwODEwNzgiXQ%3D%3D--9241542a4e44d55acaf8736a1d57dd0e96ad4e7a',
'_ga': 'GA1.2.2016948485.1492666105',
'_gid': 'GA1.2.382495.1494550475',
'Hm_lpvt_0c0e9d9b1e7d617b3e6842e85b9fb068': '1494550475',
'Hm_lvt_0c0e9d9b1e7d617b3e6842e85b9fb068': '1494213432,1494213612,1494321303,1494387194'
}
headers = {
'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, sdch',
'Accept - Language': 'zh - CN, zh;q = 0.8',
'Connection': 'close',
'Cookie': 'UM_distinctid=15b89d53a930-02ab95f11ccae2-51462d15-1aeaa0-15b89d53a9489b; CNZZDATA1258679142=1544557204-1492664886-%7C1493280769; remember_user_token=W1szNDgxMjU3XSwiJDJhJDEwJDlSS3VLcFFWMlZzNFJuOFFNS1JQR3UiLCIxNDk0MjEzNDQ3LjYwODEwNzgiXQ%3D%3D--9241542a4e44d55acaf8736a1d57dd0e96ad4e7a; _ga=GA1.2.2016948485.1492666105; _gid=GA1.2.824702661.1494486429; _gat=1; Hm_lvt_0c0e9d9b1e7d617b3e6842e85b9fb068=1494213432,1494213612,1494321303,1494387194; Hm_lpvt_0c0e9d9b1e7d617b3e6842e85b9fb068=1494486429; _session_id=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%3D%3D--ea401e8c501e7b749d593e1627dbaa88ab4befc2',
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.81 Safari/537.36',
'Host':'www.jianshu.com',
"X-Requested-With": 'XMLHttpRequest'
}
def get_total_page(self):
#获取专题总页数 包含3个字典的列表 [{"hot": xx}, {"recommend":xx}, {"city": xx}]
total_page_list = []
for order in self.topic_category:
order = order.decode('utf-8')
total_page = 100
dict = {}
for page in range(1, total_page):
url = self.base_url % (page, order)
html = requests.get(url, headers=self.headers).content
selector = etree.HTML(html)
#print html
try:
elements = selector.xpath('//*[@id="list-container"]/div[1]/div/h4/a/text()')[0]
if elements is not Exception:
continue
except Exception :
dict['total_page'] = page - 1
dict['category'] = order
break
total_page_list.append(dict)
return total_page_list
def get_topic_info(self):
#获取专题信息
topic_info_list = []
total_page_list = self.get_total_page()
base_url = self.base_url
for dict in total_page_list:
category = dict['category']
total_page = int(dict['total_page'])
for page in range(1, total_page + 1):
url = base_url % (page, category)
html = requests.get(url, headers=self.headers,cookies=self.cookies).content
selector = etree.HTML(html)
topic_href = selector.xpath('//*[@id="list-container"]')[0]
for href in topic_href:
dict = {}
topic_name = href.xpath('./div/h4/a/text()')[0]
topic_url = "www.jianshu.com" + href.xpath('./div/h4/a/@href')[0]
topic_img_url = href.xpath('./div/a/img/@src')[0]
img_num = topic_img_url.split("/")[5]
dict['topic_name'] = topic_name
dict['topic_url'] = topic_url
#
dict['img_num'] = img_num
topic_info_list.append(dict)
return topic_info_list
def get_topic_admin_info(self):
#获取管理员信息
topic_admin_info_list = []
topic_info_list = self.get_topic_info()
for d in topic_info_list:
img_num = str(d['img_num'])
base_url = "http://www.jianshu.com/collections/%s/editors_and_subscribers" % img_num
base_url_response = requests.get(base_url, headers=self.headers, cookies=self.cookies)
json_data_base = json.loads(base_url_response.text.decode('utf-8'))
editors_total_pages = json_data_base['editors_total_pages']
for page in range(1, int(editors_total_pages) + 1):
if page == 1:
editors = json_data_base['editors']
for editor in editors:
dict = {}
dict['nickname'] = editor['nickname']
dict['slug'] = editor['slug']
topic_admin_info_list.append(dict)
else:
try:
url = "http://www.jianshu.com/collections/{}/editors?page={}".format(img_num, page)
response = requests.get(url,headers=self.headers,cookies=self.cookies)
json_data = json.loads(response.text.decode('utf-8'))
editors = json_data['editors']
for editor in editors:
dict = {}
dict['nickname'] = editor['nickname']
dict['slug'] = editor['slug']
topic_admin_info_list.append(dict)
except Exception:
pass
return topic_admin_info_list
def get_followers_following_list(self):
# 获取管理员粉丝列表
followers_list = []
topic_admin_list = self.get_topic_admin_info()
followers_base_url = "http://www.jianshu.com/users/%s/followers"
for dict in topic_admin_list:
url = followers_base_url % dict['slug']
headers = self.headers
headers['Referer'] = url
headers['DNT'] = '1'
response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, cookies=self.cookies).content
total_followers = re.findall(r'<p>(\d+)</p>', response)[1]
total_page = int(total_followers) / 9 + 1
for page in range(1, int(total_page) + 1):
followers_url = url + "?page="+ str(page)
html = requests.get(followers_url, headers=headers, cookies=self.cookies).content
list = re.findall(r'class="name" href="(.+?)">.*</a>', html)
followers_list.extend(list)
return followers_list
def get_recommand_editor(self):
# 获取推荐作者列表
recommand_editors_list = []
for page in range(1, 10):
url = "http://www.jianshu.com/recommendations/users?page={}".format(str(page))
headers = self.headers
headers["Referer"] = "http://www.jianshu.com/recommendations/users?utm_source=desktop&utm_medium=index-users"
headers["Accept"] = "text/html, */*; q=0.01"
headers["Connection"] = "keep-alive"
html = requests.get(url, headers=headers, cookies=self.cookies).content
lists = re.findall(r'class="_blank" herf="/users/(.+?)">.*</a>', html)
recommand_editors_list.extend(lists)
return recommand_editors_list
def get_recommand_editor_followers(self):
#获取推荐作者的粉丝
get_recommand_editor_followers_list = []
recommand_editor_list = self.get_recommand_editor()
for editor in recommand_editor_list:
url = "http://www.jianshu.com/u/" + str(editor)
followers_base_url = "http://www.jianshu.com/users/{}/followers".format(str(editor))
headers = self.headers
headers['Referer'] = url
headers['DNT'] = '1'
response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, cookies=self.cookies).content
total_followers = re.findall(r'<p>(\d+)</p>', response)[1]
total_page = int(total_followers) / 9 + 1
for page in range(1, int(total_page) + 1):
followers_url = followers_base_url + "?page=" + str(page)
html = requests.get(followers_url, headers=headers, cookies=self.cookies).content
list = re.findall(r'class="name" href="(.+?)">.*</a>', html)
get_recommand_editor_followers_list.extend(list)
return get_recommand_editor_followers_list
def is_redirect(self, url):
#判断是否是重定向302
state_code = requests.get(url, allow_redirects = False).status_code
if state_code == "200":
return True
else:
return False
def start_requests(self):
followers_lists = self.get_followers_following_list()
editor_followers_list = self.get_recommand_editor_followers()
# 管理员粉丝列表 + 推荐作者粉丝列表
tota_list = followers_lists + editor_followers_list
tota_list = list(set(tota_list))
base_url = "http://www.jianshu.com/%s"
for d in tota_list:
if d is None:
continue
else:
url = base_url % d
timeline_url = "http://www.jianshu.com/users/%s/timeline" % d.split("/")[2]
headers = self.headers
headers['Referer'] = url
headers['Upgrade-Insecure-Requests'] = 1
headers['Accept'] = 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8'
yield Request(timeline_url, headers=headers, callback=self.parse)
def parse(self, response):
data = response.body
item = {}
topic_admin_name = re.findall(r'class="name" href=".*">(.+?)</a>', data)[0]
item['topic_admin_name'] = str(topic_admin_name)
one = re.findall(r'<p>(\d+)</p>', data)
item['topic_admin_gz'] = str(one[0])
item['topic_admin_fans'] = str(one[1])
item['topic_admin_essay_num'] =str(one[2])
item['topic_admin_word_num'] = str(one[3])
item['topic_admin_like'] = str(one[4])
yield item
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