007 零售业的大数据应用

007 Big Data in Retail Industry – Real World Uses and Examples

1. Objective

1. 目标

Through this tutorial you will learn Big data applications and Big data uses in the retail sector with examples along with use of RFID in retail. You will learn concepts related to Big data in retail industry like retail asset management, production tracking in retails industry, inventory control, Shipment, Regulatory Compliance, and Service and Warranty Authorizations and many other retail Big data use cases with examples.

通过本教程，您将学习大数据零售业的应用和大数据，以及 RFID 在零售业的应用.您将学习与零售行业大数据相关的概念，如零售资产管理、零售行业生产跟踪、库存控制、装运、法规遵从性、服务和保修授权以及许多其他零售大数据用例.

Big Data in Retail Industry

Big Data in Retail Industry – Real World Uses and Examples

2. Use of Big Data in Retail Industry

2. 使用大数据在零售行业

With the growth in retail industry with millions of transactions spread across multiple disconnected legacy systems, it is impossible to see the full picture of the data that is getting generated as Retail stores typically run on legacy POS systems that batch update on a daily basis and often do not communicate with each other. Daily updates are provided and the systems do not interact with each other.
Due to increasing market size, it can be an impossible task for a marketing analyst to understand the strength and health of their product or campaign and reconciling the data. Transaction data in its raw form helps a company understand its sales pattern. Savvy retailers can use big data – combining data from web browsing patterns, social media, industry forecasts, existing customer records and many other data to predict trends, prepare for demand, pinpoint customers, optimize pricing and promotions, and monitor real-time analytics and results.

随着零售行业的增长，数百万笔交易分布在多个断开连接的遗留系统上, 不可能看到生成的数据的全貌，因为零售店通常运行在传统 POS 系统上，这些系统每天批量更新，并且经常不相互通信.提供每日更新，系统之间不相互交互.
由于市场规模的增加，市场分析师了解他们产品或活动的实力和健康状况并协调数据可能是一项不可能的任务.原始形式的交易数据有助于公司理解其销售模式.精明的零售商可以使用大数据-将来自 web 浏览模式、社交媒体、行业预测、现有客户记录和许多其他数据的数据结合起来，以预测趋势、为需求做准备、确定客户、优化价格和促销并监控实时分析和结果.

3. Use of RFID Data in Retail

3. 使用 RFID 数据在零售

Let us see use of RFID in retail industry.
A radio frequency identification tag (RFID) tag, is a small tag which contains a unique serial number. It is placed on objects like shipping pallets or product packages. The tag can be attached to all sorts of things like merchandise, shipping containers, vehicles etc. An electronic scanner can then use radio signals to read or track the ID tag.
For example, to check inventory, a warehouse worker might use a hand-held RFID reader. The data on the tags might be numbers only, but once scanned, the numbers can be checked against a computer database to know exactly what the company has on hand. This can be used for identifying situations where no unit of a particular item is available on shelf in retail environment. In this manner, it helps in better tracking of shelf availability.
Various applications of Radio Frequency Identification Data in retail are asset management, production tracking, and shipping and receiving. RFID usage isn’t limited to the retail sector only. The pharmaceutical industry is already exploring how RFID tags could help identify counterfeit, and potentially harmful, drugs.

让我们看看 RFID 在零售业的应用.
射频识别标签 (RFID) 标签是一种包含唯一序列号的小标签.它被放置在运输托盘或产品包装等物体上.标签可以贴在商品、集装箱、车辆等各种物品上，然后电子扫描仪可以使用无线电信号读取或跟踪 ID 标签.
例如，为了检查库存，仓库工作人员可能会使用手持 RFID 阅读器.标签上的数据可能只是数字，但是一旦扫描，这些数字可以通过计算机数据库进行检查，以确切知道公司手头有什么.这可以用于识别零售环境中没有特定商品单元可供货架的情况.通过这种方式，它有助于更好地跟踪货架的可用性.
无线射频识别数据在零售领域的各种应用包括资产管理、生产跟踪、运输和接收.RFID 的使用不仅仅局限于零售行业.制药行业已经在探索 RFID 标签如何帮助识别假冒和潜在有害的药品.

4. More Uses of RFID in Retail sector

4. 多采用 RFID 技术在零售区

Let us see few more uses of RFID in Retail:

让我们看看 RFID 在零售领域的更多用途:

• Asset Management – By Use of RFID Tags, expensive tools or equipment can be located when workers need them, eliminating labor-intensive manual searches.

• Production Tracking – RFID tags on raw materials in production process, manufacturers can gain real time visibility of work in progress

• Inventory Control –By RFID, overall inventory levels can be improved by companies that will reduce labor costs and safety stocks.

• Shipping and Receiving – Manifest information encoded in an RFID tag could be read by the sending or receiving organization to simplify the shipment or receiving process.

• Regulatory Compliance – Companies that transport or process hazardous and regulated materials can record the time they receive and transfer the material on an RFID tag.

• Service and Warranty Authorizations – Authenticating the product and customer with proprietary information can be used to authorize warranty and service work.

• 资产管理 -- 通过使用 RFID 标签，当工人需要时，可以找到昂贵的工具或设备，消除了劳动密集型人工搜索.

• 生产跟踪-生产过程中原材料上的 RFID 标签，制造商可以实时了解正在进行的工作

• 库存控制 -- 通过 RFID，降低劳动力成本和安全库存的公司可以提高整体库存水平.

• 发送或接收组织可以读取编码在 RFID 标签中的装运和接收清单信息，以简化装运或接收过程.

• 法规遵从性 -- 运输或加工危险和受监管材料的公司可以记录他们在 RFID 标签上接收和转移材料的时间.

• 服务和保修授权-使用专有信息对产品和客户进行身份验证，可用于授权保修和服务工作.

5. Asset Management

5. 资产管理

RFID can help in asset management as below:

RFID 可以帮助资产管理，如下所示:

• RFID tags can be permanently attached to capital equipment and fixed assets.

• Fixed-position readers placed at strategic points within a facility can automatically track the movement and location. This information can be used to quickly locate expensive tools or equipment when workers need them, eliminating labor-intensive manual searches.

• Readers can be set to sound alarms to alert supervisors if there is an attempt to remove tagged items from an authorized area.

• Customers are able to locate assets quickly and accurately as RFID technology reads multiple tags at once without requiring a line of site.

• RFID 标签可以永久地附着在资本设备和固定资产上.

• 放置在设施内战略点的固定位置阅读器可以自动跟踪移动和位置.当工人需要昂贵的工具或设备时，这些信息可以用来快速找到它们，从而消除了劳动密集型的人工搜索.

• 如果试图从授权区域删除标记的项目，读者可以设置为声音警报来提醒主管.

• 当 RFID 技术一次读取多个标签时，客户能够快速准确地定位资产，而不需要一行站点.

6. Production Tracking

6. 生产跟踪

RFID can also be used for production tracking as below:
RFID has been used in a number of practical applications, such as improving supply chain management, tracking household pets, accessing office buildings, and many more.

RFID 也可以用于生产跟踪，如下所示:
RFID 在供应链管理、家庭宠物跟踪、办公楼接入等多个实际应用中得到应用.

• By applying RFID tags to raw materials in a production process, manufacturers can gain accurate, real-time visibility of the work-in-progress.

• Companies can improve inventory levels and reduce labor costs and safety stocks by using the highly accurate, real-time and unattended monitoring capability of RFID for tracking raw materials, progress, and finished goods inventory.

• Direct store delivery and other remote sales and service personnel can take advantage of RFID readers integrated with mobile computers for accurate counting of inventory held in stores or in a vehicle which will further reduce labor work and cost and help in better production tracking.

• 通过在生产过程中对原材料应用 RFID 标签，制造商可以获得对正在进行的工作的准确、实时可见性.

• 企业可以利用 RFID 的高精度、实时和无人值守的监控能力来跟踪原材料、进度和成品库存，从而提高库存水平，降低劳动力成本和安全库存.

• 直接送货和其他远程销售和服务人员可以利用与移动计算机集成的 RFID 阅读器准确清点商店或车辆中的库存，这将进一步减少人工工作和成本并帮助更好地跟踪生产.

RFID technology can be used to track products similar to bar codes technology, but RFID also carries additional benefits. It does not need line of sight to read the tag, has a longer read range as compared to bar code reader, and tags can store more data than bar codes.

RFID 技术可以用于跟踪类似条码技术的产品，但 RFID 也带来了额外的好处.读取标签不需要视线，与条形码阅读器相比，读取范围更长，标签可以存储比条形码更多的数据.

7. Shipment, Regulatory Compliance, and Service and Warranty Authorizations

7. 装运，规范化，服务和保修许可

Radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology is used for transferring data, for automatically identifying and tracking tags that are attached to objects and contain electronically stored information.
Various other uses of RFID include:

射频识别 (RFID) 技术用于传输数据，用于自动识别和跟踪附着在物体上并包含电子存储信息的标签.
RFID 的其他各种用途包括:

• Items or pallets with RFID tags can be read as they are assembled into a complete customer order or shipment for better shipment process.

• Manifest information encoded in an RFID tag could be read by the receiving organization to simplify the receiving process.

• Companies that transport or process hazardous and regulated materials can record the time they receive and transfer the material on an RFID tag.

• Authenticating the product and customer with proprietary information can be used to authorize warranty and service work.

• 当带有 RFID 标签的物品或托盘组装成完整的客户订单或装运时，可以读取它们，以获得更好的装运过程.

• 接收组织可以读取编码在 RFID 标签中的清单信息，以简化接收过程.

• 运输或加工危险和受管制材料的公司可以记录他们在 RFID 标签上接收和转移材料的时间.

• 可以使用专有信息对产品和客户进行身份验证，以授权保修和服务工作.

Logistics and transportation are major areas of RFID technology implementation. In the railroad industry, RFID tags identify the owner, identification number and type of equipment and its characteristics. This can be used with a database to identify the source, destination, etc. of the commodities being carried.
RFID technology is being incorporated to support maintenance on commercial aircraft. RFID tags are used to identify baggage and cargo at several airports and airlines.
In this manner, Big Data helps retail industry in understanding market trends. Follow this guide to learn about Big data use in different sectors.

物流运输是 RFID 技术实施的主要领域.在铁路行业中，RFID 标签识别设备的所有者、识别号和类型及其特征.这可以与数据库一起使用，以识别所携带商品的来源、目的地等.
为了支持商用飞机的维修，正在采用 RFID 技术.RFID 标签用于识别几个机场和航空公司的行李和货物.
通过这种方式，大数据可以帮助零售业了解市场趋势.按照本指南了解不同行业的大数据使用.

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