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C语言结构体

C语言结构体

作者: 玉宾 | 来源:发表于2020-08-19 19:47 被阅读0次

    希望今年夏天的遗憾能成为你秋天的惊喜。。。。

    ----  网易云热评

    一、结构体概念

    可以简单理解为把不同数据类型放到一起的数组

    二、结构体声明与初始化

    1、先声明结构体类型再定义变量

    2、同时定义变量

    3、直接定义结构体类型变量

    #include <stdio.h>

    #include <time.h>

    #include <stdlib.h>

    #include <string.h>

    struct Aiyou

    {

           int year;

           char name[100];

           char* zdg;

    };

    struct Aiyou ay;

    struct Aiyou ay1 ={2016,"周杰伦的床边故事","告白气球"};

    struct Aiyou ay2;

    int main() {

           printf("%d\n",ay1.year);

           printf("%s\n", ay1.name);

           printf("%s\n", ay1.zdg);

           ay.year = 2015;

           strcpy_s(ay.name,100,"哎呦,不错哦");//ay.name是数组名,是常量所以不能直接赋值

           ay.zdg = "听爸爸的话";

           printf("%d\n", ay.year);

           printf("%s\n", ay.name);

           printf("%s\n", ay.zdg);

           struct Aiyou *p;

           p = &ay2;  //让p有所指向

           p->year = 2015;

           strcpy_s((*p).name, 100, "十二新作");

           p->zdg = "明明就";

           printf("%d\n", p->year);

           printf("%s\n", (*p).name);

           //printf("%s\n", p[0].name);

           printf("%s\n", p->zdg);

           system("pause");

           return 0;

    }

    运行结果:

    三、其他初始化方法

    直接在结构体初始化

    struct Aiyou

    {

           int year;

           char name[100];

           char* zdg;

    }ay={2015,“aiyou”,“bucuo”},ay1,ay2;

    无变量名

    struct 

    {

           int year;

           char name[100];

           char* zdg;

    }ay,ay1,ay2;

    四、结构体数组

    #include <stdio.h>

    #include <time.h>

    #include <stdlib.h>

    #include <string.h>

    struct Aiyou

    {

           int year;

           char name[100];

           char* zdg;

    };

    int main() {

           struct Aiyou a[5];

           a[0].year = 2016;

           strcpy_s(a[0].name,100, "周杰伦的床边故事");

           a[0].zdg = "告白气球";

           (a + 1)->year = 2015;

           strcpy_s((a+1)->name, 100, "哎呦,不错哦");

           (a + 1)->zdg = "听爸爸的话";

           (*(a + 2)).year = 2012;

           strcpy_s((*(a + 2)).name, 100, "十二新作");

           (*(a + 2)).zdg = "明明就";

           //通过指针操作

           struct Aiyou* p;

           p = &a[0];

           p[3].year = 2011;

           strcpy_s(p[3].name, 100, "惊叹号");

           p[3].zdg = "Mine Mine";

           (p + 4)->year = 2010;

           strcpy_s((p +4)->name, 100, "跨时代");

           (p + 4)->zdg = "烟花易冷";

           for (int i=0;i<sizeof(a)/sizeof(a[0]);i++)

           {

                  printf("专辑名称:%s,主打歌:%s,发行时间:%d\n", a[i].name, a[i].zdg,  a[i].year);

           }

           system("pause");

           return 0;

    }

    运行结果:

    五、结构体嵌套

    #include <stdio.h>

    #include <time.h>

    #include <stdlib.h>

    #include <string.h>

    struct Bucuo

    {

           int year;

           char* name;

    };

    struct Aiyou

    {

           struct Bucuo bc;

           char* zdg;

    };

    int main() {

           struct Aiyou ay;

           ay.bc.year = 2016;

           ay.bc.name = "周杰伦的床边故事";

           ay.zdg = "告白气球";

           printf("专辑名称:%s,主打歌:%s,发行时间:%d\n", ay.bc.name, ay.zdg,  ay.bc.year);

           struct Aiyou* p = &ay;

           p->bc.year = 2015;

           p->bc.name = "哎呦,不错哦";

           p->zdg = "听爸爸的话";

           printf("专辑名称:%s,主打歌:%s,发行时间:%d\n", p->bc.name, ay.zdg,  p->bc.year);

           system("pause");

           return 0;

    }

    运行结果:

    专辑名称:周杰伦的床边故事,主打歌:告白气球,发行时间:2016

    专辑名称:哎呦,不错哦,主打歌:听爸爸的话,发行时间:2015

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