Spring + SpringMVC + Hibernate整合

作者: _Raye | 来源:发表于2017-03-30 10:01 被阅读0次

整合需要的依赖包：(pom.xml)

      <!-- log4j 日志 -->  
        <dependency>  
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>  
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>  
            <version>1.2.17</version>  
        </dependency>  
        <!-- servlet API -->  
        <dependency>  
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>  
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>  
            <version>3.1.0</version>  
            <scope>provided</scope>  
        </dependency>  
      <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet.jsp/javax.servlet.jsp-api -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.1</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/jstl -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- MySQL驱动 -->  
        <dependency>  
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>  
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>  
            <version>5.1.40</version>  
        </dependency>  
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.commons/commons-dbcp2 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-dbcp2</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.1</version>
    </dependency>
        <!-- junit -->  
        <dependency>  
            <groupId>junit</groupId>  
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>  
            <version>4.12</version>  
            <scope>test</scope>  
        </dependency>  
        <!-- fastjson -->  
        <dependency>  
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>  
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>  
            <version>1.1.29</version>  
        </dependency>
      <!-- spring -->  
        <dependency>  
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>  
            <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>  
        </dependency>  
        <dependency>  
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>  
            <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>  
        </dependency>  
        <dependency>  
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>  
            <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>  
        </dependency>  
        <dependency>  
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>  
            <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>  
        </dependency>  
        <dependency>  
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>  
            <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>  
        </dependency>  
        <dependency>  
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>  
            <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>  
        </dependency>  
        <dependency>  
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
            <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>  
            <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>  
        </dependency>  
        <dependency>  
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>  
            <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>  
        </dependency>  
      <!-- aspectjrt -->  
        <dependency>
        <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
        <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
        <version>1.8.10</version>
    </dependency>
        <!-- aspectjweaver -->  
        <dependency>  
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>  
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>  
            <version>1.8.10</version>  
        </dependency>  
        <!-- hibernate -->  
        <dependency>  
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>  
            <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>  
            <version>5.2.8.Final</version>  
        </dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mockito/mockito-all -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
        <artifactId>mockito-all</artifactId>
        <version>1.10.19</version>
    </dependency>

web.xml 与 (前端控制器名-servlet.xml) 都在WEB-INF下

如果用到struts，需在web.xml中配置struts过滤器(web.xml)：
本次讲的是SpringMVC，所以与struts无关，可跳过struts配置

<!-- struts前端控制器(由它来决定走那个Action,它会读取struts.xml文件来决定) -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <filter-class>
            org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter
        </filter-class>
    </filter>
 
    <!-- 所有的请求都要经过这个过滤器 -->
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

如果用到SpringMVC，需在web.xml中配置SpringMVC的前端控制器(web.xml)：

<!-- springMVC前端控制器 -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>frontController</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>frontController</servlet-name>
<!-- 配/表示不会覆盖默认设置(server里面的web.xml) -->
<!-- 配*.do表示只有.do的资源走这里,静态资源不受管理 -->
        <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> 
    </servlet-mapping>

与SpringMVC对应的xml文件( 前端控制器名-servlet.xml )
这里是frontController-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
        
        <!-- 配置搜索组件的基础包 (将被注解的类的对象纳入spring IoC容器的管理) -->
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.qfedu.dang.controller"/>
        <!-- 使用注解来配置需要spring IoC容器托管的对象以及对象之间的依赖关系 -->
        <context:annotation-config/>
        <!-- 配置Spring的Bean的验证器(可通过@Pattern(regexp = "\\w{4,20}")写正则表达式来验证,再在controller中对应的地方打上@Valid) -->
        <bean id="globalValidator" class="org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.LocalValidatorFactoryBean"/>            
        <!-- 配置json消息转换器 -->
        <mvc:annotation-driven validator="globalValidator">
            <mvc:message-converters>
                <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter"/>
                <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"/>
                <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.BufferedImageHttpMessageConverter"/>
            </mvc:message-converters>
        </mvc:annotation-driven>  

    <!-- 配置springMVC的视图解析器(渲染视图完成模型和视图的绑定) -->
    <bean id="jspViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>
        
    <!-- 配置处理文件上传的解析器 -->
    <bean id="multipartResolver"
        class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
    <property name="maxUploadSize" value="1048576"/>
    </bean> 
</beans>

配置spring配置文件的位置(app.xml的位置)：(web.xml)

<!-- 通过配置上下文参数指定Spring配置文件的位置 -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:app.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

配置IoC容器上下文监听器(web.xml)

<!-- 配置创建IoC容器的上下文监听器 -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>
            org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
        </listener-class>
    </listener>

配置编码过滤器：(web.xml)

<!-- 设置处理编码的过滤器 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>enc</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>enc</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

app.xml 在 src 根目录下

Hibernate中的注解
@Entity实体类
@Table表
@Id主键
@Column字段名
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)主键生成策略
@Transient隐藏字段
@ManyToOne
@OneToMany(mappedBy,cascade=CascadeType.ALL)双向关联
@JoinColumn连接字段
@Embeddable标注嵌入式主键类，表示这个是一个嵌入式类(实现Serializable接口)
@Embedded 标注实体中的嵌入式主键
<context:component-scan base-package="com.qfedu.dang"/>
Spring IoC容器会纳入@Component,@Service,@Controller,@Repository注解的类进行管理

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
        
        <!-- 配置搜索组件的基础包 (将被注解的类的对象纳入spring IoC容器的管理) -->
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.qfedu.dang"/>
        <!-- 使用注解来配置需要spring IoC容器托管的对象以及对象之间的依赖关系 -->
        <context:annotation-config/>
        <!-- 配置为基于AspectJ的切面自动生成代理 -->
        <aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>

    <!-- 配置数据库连接池(空间换时间的优化) -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/dang?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8"/>
        <property name="username" value="root"/>
        <property name="password" value="123456"/>
        <property name="initialSize" value="10"/>
        <property name="maxTotal" value="50"/>
        <property name="maxWaitMillis" value="15000"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置Hibernate的会话工厂(持久层需要依赖的对象) -->
    <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!-- @Entity -->
        <property name="packagesToScan" value="com.qfedu.dang.entity"/>           
        <property name="hibernateProperties">
            <value>
                hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
                hibernate.show_sql=true
                hibernate.format_sql=true
            </value>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置spring为Hibernate提供的事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager"
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置使用注解来声明事务 -->
    <tx:annotation-driven/>  
       
</beans>

hibernate运行原理

1.读取并解析配置文件 
2.读取并解析映射信息，创建SessionFactory 
3.打开Sesssion 
4.创建事务Transation 
5.持久化操作 
6.提交事务 
7.关闭Session 
8.关闭SesstionFactory

SpringMVC注解
1.@RequestMapping("/reg") 表示访问reg.do
方法最后返回的字符串是返回的jsp页面
2.@RequestParam - 请求参数(表单或者查询字符串)
3.@CookieValue - Cookie中拿参数
4.@RequestHeader - 请求头拿参数
5.@PathVariable - 路径参数("/student/123005")
6.@ResponseBody 将内容或对象作为 HTTP 响应正文返回，并调用适合HttpMessageConverter的Adapter转换对象，写入输出流
7.@RequestBody 将HTTP请求正文转换为适合的HttpMessageConverter对象

Spring + SpringMVC + Hibernate整合

整合需要的依赖包：(pom.xml)

web.xml 与 (前端控制器名-servlet.xml) 都在WEB-INF下

app.xml 在 src 根目录下

相关文章

网友评论

延伸阅读

深度阅读

栏目导航

热点阅读

我爱编程