《论语》学而篇（十五）

【原文】子贡曰：“贫而无谄，富而无骄，何如？”子曰：“可也。未若贫而乐，富而好礼者也。”子贡曰：《诗》云，‘如切如磋！如琢如磨’，其斯之谓与？”子曰：“赐也！始可与言《诗》已矣，告诸往而知来者。”

【英译文】Tsze-kung said, "What do you pronounce concerning the poor man who yet does not flatter, and the rich man who is not proud?" The Master replied, "They will do; but they are not equal to him, who, though poor, is yet cheerful, and to him, who, though rich, loves the rules of propriety."Tsze-kung replied, "It is said in the Book of Poetry, 'As you cut and then file, as you carve and then polish.'-The meaning is the same, I apprehend, as that which you have just expressed."The Master said, "With one like Ts'ze, I can begin to talk about the odes. I told him one point, and he knew its proper sequence."

【白话文】子贡说：“贫穷而能不谄媚，富有而能不骄傲自大，怎么样？”孔子说：“这也算可以了。但是还不如虽贫穷却乐于道，虽富裕而又好礼之人。”子贡说：“《诗》上说，‘要像对待骨、角、象牙、玉石一样，切磋它，琢磨它’，就是讲的这个意思吧？”孔子说：“赐呀，你能从我已经讲过的话中领会到我还没有说到的意思，举一反三，我可以同你谈论《诗》了。”

【个人感悟】 不谄媚、不骄傲是基础，是一个君子的最低标准，如果能切磋琢磨一样打磨自己的品性，做到安贫乐道是诗经中所倡导的君子品德。子贡的举一反三是对这件事情的深入理解，如果对一件事情不清楚就要做到举一反三那是不可能的。