iOS二维码扫描(原生,可限制扫描区域)

须知:

• 在 iOS7 以前，在iOS中实现二维码和条形码扫描，我们所知的有，两大开源组件ZBar与ZXing. 这两大组件我们都有用过，这里总结下各自的缺点：
• 1 .ZBar在扫描的灵敏度上，和内存的使用上相对于ZXing上都是较优的，但是对于 “圆角二维码” 的扫描确很困难
• 2 .ZXing 是 Google Code上的一个开源的条形码扫描库，是用java设计的，连Google Glass 都在使用的。但有人为了追求更高效率以及可移植性，出现了c++ port. Github上的Objectivc-C port，其实就是用OC代码封装了一下而已，而且已经停止维护。这样效率非常低，在instrument下面可以看到CPU和内存疯涨，在内存小的机器上很容易崩溃
• 3 .AVFoundation无论在扫描灵敏度和性能上来说都是最优的，所以毫无疑问我们应该切换到AVFoundation，需要兼容iOS 6或之前的版本可以用zbar或zxing代替

0.搭建UI界面,如图

1.导入框架

#import <AVFoundation/AVFoundation.h>

2.声明属性,连线,设置需要的代理

@interface ViewController ()<UITabBarDelegate,AVCaptureMetadataOutputObjectsDelegate,UINavigationControllerDelegate,UIImagePickerControllerDelegate>

@property ( strong , nonatomic ) AVCaptureDevice * device;
@property ( strong , nonatomic ) AVCaptureDeviceInput * input;
@property ( strong , nonatomic ) AVCaptureMetadataOutput * output;
@property ( strong , nonatomic ) AVCaptureSession * session;
@property ( strong , nonatomic ) AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer * previewLayer;

/*** 专门用于保存描边的图层 ***/
@property (nonatomic,strong) CALayer *containerLayer;
@end

3.调用开始扫描设置方法

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];

    // 开始扫描二维码
    [self startScan];
}

4.属性的懒加载

#pragma mark -------- 懒加载---------
- (AVCaptureDevice *)device
{
    if (_device == nil) {
        _device = [AVCaptureDevice defaultDeviceWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo];
    }
    return _device;
}

- (AVCaptureDeviceInput *)input
{
    if (_input == nil) {
        _input = [AVCaptureDeviceInput deviceInputWithDevice:self.device error:nil];
    }
    return _input;
}

- (AVCaptureSession *)session
{
    if (_session == nil) {
        _session = [[AVCaptureSession alloc] init];
    }
    return _session;
}

- (AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer *)previewLayer
{
    if (_previewLayer == nil) {
        _previewLayer = [AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer layerWithSession:self.session];
    }
    return _previewLayer;
}
// 设置输出对象解析数据时感兴趣的范围
// 默认值是 CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 1, height: 1)
// 通过对这个值的观察, 我们发现传入的是比例
// 注意: 参照是以横屏的左上角作为, 而不是以竖屏
//        out.rectOfInterest = CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 0.5, height: 0.5)
- (AVCaptureMetadataOutput *)output
{
    if (_output == nil) {
        _output = [[AVCaptureMetadataOutput alloc] init];
        
        // 1.获取屏幕的frame
        CGRect viewRect = self.view.frame;
        // 2.获取扫描容器的frame
        CGRect containerRect = self.customContainerView.frame;
        
        CGFloat x = containerRect.origin.y / viewRect.size.height;
        CGFloat y = containerRect.origin.x / viewRect.size.width;
        CGFloat width = containerRect.size.height / viewRect.size.height;
        CGFloat height = containerRect.size.width / viewRect.size.width;
        
       // CGRect outRect = CGRectMake(x, y, width, height);
       // [_output rectForMetadataOutputRectOfInterest:outRect];
        _output.rectOfInterest = CGRectMake(x, y, width, height);
    }
    return _output;
}

- (CALayer *)containerLayer
{
    if (_containerLayer == nil) {
        _containerLayer = [[CALayer alloc] init];
    }
    return _containerLayer;
}

5.开始扫描

- (void)startScan
{
    // 1.判断输入能否添加到会话中
    if (![self.session canAddInput:self.input]) return;
    [self.session addInput:self.input];

    
    // 2.判断输出能够添加到会话中
    if (![self.session canAddOutput:self.output]) return;
    [self.session addOutput:self.output];
    
    // 4.设置输出能够解析的数据类型
    // 注意点: 设置数据类型一定要在输出对象添加到会话之后才能设置
    self.output.metadataObjectTypes = self.output.availableMetadataObjectTypes;

    // 5.设置监听监听输出解析到的数据
    [self.output setMetadataObjectsDelegate:self queue:dispatch_get_main_queue()];
 
    // 6.添加预览图层
    [self.view.layer insertSublayer:self.previewLayer atIndex:0];
    self.previewLayer.frame = self.view.bounds;
    
    // 7.添加容器图层
    [self.view.layer addSublayer:self.containerLayer];
    self.containerLayer.frame = self.view.bounds;
    
    // 8.开始扫描
    [self.session startRunning];
}

6.实现代理方法

#pragma mark --------AVCaptureMetadataOutputObjectsDelegate ---------
- (void)captureOutput:(AVCaptureOutput *)captureOutput didOutputMetadataObjects:(NSArray *)metadataObjects fromConnection:(AVCaptureConnection *)connection
{
        // id 类型不能点语法,所以要先去取出数组中对象
        AVMetadataMachineReadableCodeObject *object = [metadataObjects lastObject];
        
        if (object == nil) return;
        // 只要扫描到结果就会调用
        self.customLabel.text = object.stringValue;
      
        // 清除之前的描边
        [self clearLayers];
        
        // 对扫描到的二维码进行描边
        AVMetadataMachineReadableCodeObject *obj = (AVMetadataMachineReadableCodeObject *)[self.previewLayer transformedMetadataObjectForMetadataObject:object];

        // 绘制描边
        [self drawLine:obj];
}

7.利用贝塞尔曲线绘制描边

- (void)drawLine:(AVMetadataMachineReadableCodeObject *)objc
{
    NSArray *array = objc.corners;
    
    // 1.创建形状图层, 用于保存绘制的矩形
    CAShapeLayer *layer = [[CAShapeLayer alloc] init];

    // 设置线宽
    layer.lineWidth = 2;
    // 设置描边颜色
    layer.strokeColor = [UIColor greenColor].CGColor;
    layer.fillColor = [UIColor clearColor].CGColor;

    // 2.创建UIBezierPath, 绘制矩形
    UIBezierPath *path = [[UIBezierPath alloc] init];
    CGPoint point = CGPointZero;
    int index = 0;
    
    CFDictionaryRef dict = (__bridge CFDictionaryRef)(array[index++]);
    // 把点转换为不可变字典
    // 把字典转换为点，存在point里，成功返回true 其他false
    CGPointMakeWithDictionaryRepresentation(dict, &point);
    
   // 设置起点
    [path moveToPoint:point];
    
    // 2.2连接其它线段
    for (int i = 1; i<array.count; i++) {
        CGPointMakeWithDictionaryRepresentation((__bridge CFDictionaryRef)array[i], &point);
        [path addLineToPoint:point];
    }
    // 2.3关闭路径
    [path closePath];
    
    layer.path = path.CGPath;
    // 3.将用于保存矩形的图层添加到界面上
    [self.containerLayer addSublayer:layer];
}

8.清除描边

- (void)clearLayers
{
    if (self.containerLayer.sublayers)
    {
        for (CALayer *subLayer in self.containerLayer.sublayers)
        {
            [subLayer removeFromSuperlayer];
        }
    }
}

实现相册二维码识别

1.打开系统相册

- (IBAction)openCameralClick:(id)sender {
    // 1.判断相册是否可以打开
    if (![UIImagePickerController isSourceTypeAvailable:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary]) return;
    // 2. 创建图片选择控制器
    UIImagePickerController *ipc = [[UIImagePickerController alloc] init];
    
    ipc.sourceType = UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary;
    
    // 4.设置代理
    ipc.delegate = self;
    
    // 5.modal出这个控制器
    [self presentViewController:ipc animated:YES completion:nil];
}

2.实现代理方法(注意需要遵守两个代理协议)

#pragma mark -------- UIImagePickerControllerDelegate---------
- (void)imagePickerController:(UIImagePickerController *)picker didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo:(NSDictionary<NSString *,id> *)info
{
    // 1.取出选中的图片
    UIImage *pickImage = info[UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage];
    NSData *imageData = UIImagePNGRepresentation(pickImage);

    CIImage *ciImage = [CIImage imageWithData:imageData];
    
    // 2.从选中的图片中读取二维码数据
    // 2.1创建一个探测器
    CIDetector *detector = [CIDetector detectorOfType:CIDetectorTypeQRCode context:nil options:@{CIDetectorAccuracy: CIDetectorAccuracyLow}];
    
    // 2.2利用探测器探测数据
    NSArray *feature = [detector featuresInImage:ciImage];

    // 2.3取出探测到的数据
    for (CIQRCodeFeature *result in feature) {
       // NSLog(@"%@",result.messageString);
        NSString *urlStr = result.messageString;
        [[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:[NSURL URLWithString:urlStr]];
    }
    
    // 注意: 如果实现了该方法, 当选中一张图片时系统就不会自动关闭相册控制器
    [picker dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];
}

3.在界面消失的时候关闭session

- (void)viewWillDisappear:(BOOL)animated
{
    [super viewWillDisappear:animated];
    [self.session stopRunning];
}

效果图: