nuxt服务器端渲染请求接口获取用户真实ip对应国家
一、目的
通过用户接口获取其真实的ip地址，最终获取到用户所在国家。
针对情况包括： 1、ssr node端请求后端接口 获取ip
2、客户端请求后端接口 获取ip
二、问题
目前通过接口获取不到外网ip而是内网ip
原因：
- 接口是nuxt的ssr服务器端渲染接口，而非普通客户端请求接口（原理为从node服务器端，发起的请求，其ip必定为咱们服务器的内网ip地址）
三、方案
主要是依赖于nginx，获取其真实ip
1、nginx 转发到node服务的location中， header里面设置 x-real-ip 为 $remote_addr 和 X-Forwarded-For 设为 $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
location / {
proxy_pass http://10.10.50.191:88;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
# need set x-real-ip and x-forwarded-for to get user ip
proxy_set_header X-Real-Ip $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
# nginx代理接口
location ^~ /baseUrl/ {
proxy_pass http://域名:19000/;
proxy_cookie_path /baseUrl/ /;
proxy_pass_header Set-Cookie;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-Ip $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
2、前端 从 服务器端渲染代码处， async nuxtServerInit (或者async asyncData） 里面获取 req
image-20210823142311073
3、req里面会有 nginx设置进去的header，x-real-ip x-forwarded-for，值为ip地址
4、把它重新设置到axios的header中
image-20210823142322254
5、后端从接口header里面就可以拿到一开始设置的remote_addr了
image-20210823142452628
以上方案针对于 服务器渲染请求的接口，后端从接口中获取其用户的真实ip的情况。主要是依赖前端（req中获取header，重新设入）、nginx、后端配合实现。
对于普通的客户端请求接口，后端从接口中获取其用户的真实ip的情况，也是同样适用。主要是依赖nginx的代理转发，设置header，后端直接获取就可以实现。
获取ip对应的国家（后端逻辑）
后端有ip数据表，里面有很多国家的ip地址，通过查表来获取对应国家简码，如US、CN
ssr服务端接口请求获取国家（通过ip）整个逻辑
image-20210902163258010
客户端请求获取国家整个逻辑
image-20210902163624779
参考代码
nginx配置
user nginx;
worker_processes 1;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for" - $http_x_real_ip - $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
client_max_body_size 200m;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
# nginx转发到node
location / {
proxy_pass http://10.10.50.97:88;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
# need set x-real-ip and x-forwarded-for to get user ip
proxy_set_header X-Real-Ip $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
# nginx代理接口
location ^~ /baseUrl/ {
proxy_pass http://域名:19000/;
proxy_cookie_path /baseUrl/ /;
proxy_pass_header Set-Cookie;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-Ip $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
}
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}
java
public final class NetUtils {
private NetUtils() {
}
public static String getRealIp(HttpServletRequest request) {
String ip = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for");
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader("X-Real-IP");
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP");
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP");
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_CLIENT_IP");
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR");
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
if ("127.0.1".equals(ip) || "0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1".equals(ip)) {
InetAddress address = (InetAddress)Safe.call(InetAddress::getLocalHost);
ip = address.getHostAddress();
}
}
if (ip != null && ip.length() > 15) {
int i = ip.indexOf(",");
if (i > 0) {
ip = ip.substring(0, i);
}
}
return ip;
}
}
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