珊瑚礁对海洋生态非常重要，但是在全球变暖的过程中，它们受到了严重破坏。最近，科学家提出了拯救珊瑚礁的三大策略。
Strategies for saving coral reefs
by Priya Shukla
A recent study with over 80 authors published by an international coalition of government agencies, universities, and non-governmental organizations that includes the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) outlines three potential strategies for helping rehabilitate（使复原） coral reefs threatened by climate change and human activity in the Indian and Pacific Oceans.
publish /ˈpʌblɪʃ/ v. 发表
coalition /ˌkəʊəˈlɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 联盟、同盟
agency /ˈeɪdʒ(ə)nsi/ n. 政府机构、政府部门
non- 前缀，表示否定
governmental /ˌɡʌv(ə)nˈment(ə)l/ adj. 政府的（由government加后缀-al变成形容词）
conservation /ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 保护
society /səˈsaɪəti/ n. 社团、协会
outline /ˈaʊtlaɪn/ v. 概述、阐述要点
potential /pəˈtenʃ(ə)l/ adj. 潜在的
strategy /ˈstrætədʒi/ n. 策略
coral /ˈkɒrəl/ n. 珊瑚
reef /riːf/ n. 礁石
threaten /ˈθret(ə)n/ v. 威胁（由threat加后缀-en变成动词）
activity /ækˈtɪvəti/ n. 活动
After an ocean warming event that spanned 2014 to 2017, the authors evaluated 450 coral reefs across 36 Indo-Pacific countries, many of which had bleached in response to rising temperatures. In addition to warming, these reefs are threatened by rising greenhouse gas emissions, unsustainable fishing practices, pollution, and many other human impacts.
warm /wɔːm/ v. 变暖
span /spæn/ v. 跨越
evaluate /ɪˈvæljueɪt/ v. 评估
Indo-Pacific 印太地区
bleach /bliːtʃ/ v. 褪色、变白
response /rɪˈspɒns/ n. 回应、应答
in addition to 除了…之外
greenhouse /ˈɡriːnhaʊs/ n. 温室（由green和house组成）
emission /ɪˈmɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 排放、排放量
unsustainable /ˌʌnsəˈsteɪnəb(ə)l/ adj. 不可持续的（由sustain加后缀-able变成形容词sustainable，再加上表示否定的前缀un-）
practice /ˈpræktɪs/ n. 实践、做法
impact /ˈɪmpækt/ n. 影响
"The good news is that functioning coral reefs still exist, and our study shows that it is not too late to save them," said Dr. Emily Darling, lead author of the study and a Conservation Scientist with WCS leading its global coral reef monitoring program. "Safeguarding coral reefs into the future means protecting the world's last functioning reefs and recovering reefs impacted by climate change."
function /ˈfʌŋkʃ(ə)n/ v. 运转、起作用
lead /liːd/ adj. 领头的
global /ˈɡləʊb(ə)l/ adj. 全球的、全世界的
monitor /ˈmɒnɪtə(r)/ v. 监控
program /ˈprəʊɡræm/ n. 计划、方案
safeguard /ˈseɪfɡɑːd/ v. 保护、保卫（由safe和guard组成）
impact /ɪmˈpækt/ v. 影响（注意它做动词和做名词时发音不同）
The researchers proposed three strategies to save coral reefs in different conditions. First of all, over half of the reefs studied had been recently bleached by the prolonged marine heatwave and were still capable of returning to their former state. These reefs should be recovered before it is too late.
researcher /rɪˈsɜːtʃə(r)/ n. 研究者（由research加上表示人的后缀-er）
propose /prəˈpəʊz/ v. 提议、提出
condition /kənˈdɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 情况、状况
prolong /prəˈlɒŋ/ v. 拖延、拉长
marine /məˈriːn/ adj. 海洋的
heatwave /ˈhiːtˌweɪv/ n. 热浪（由heat和wave组成）
capable /ˈkeɪpəb(ə)l/ adj. 有能力的
state /steɪt/ n. 状态
Almost 20 percent of the coral reefs studied had managed to withstand the years-long marine heatwave and maintain their intricate（错综复杂的） structures because they were situated within so-called "cool spots". They should be protected and actively managed through an international coral reef conservation network.
manage to do something 成功做到某事
withstand /wɪðˈstænd/ v. 经受、承受
maintain /meɪnˈteɪn/ v. 维持、保持
structure /ˈstrʌktʃə(r)/ n. 结构
situate /ˈsɪtʃueɪt/ v. 使位于、把…置于
so-called 被称为…的
spot /spɒt/ n. 点、地点
actively /ˈæktɪvli/ adv. 积极主动地（由active加后缀-ly变成副词）
network /ˈnetwɜːk/ n. 网络
Finally, approximately 28 percent of reefs that were centerpieces in coastal livelihoods were no longer functioning in a way that could support local coastal communities. Therefore, it is crucial to transform how coral reef-based societies function.
approximately /əˈprɒksɪmətli/ adv. 大约、大概
centerpiece /ˈsentəpiːs/ n. 核心、中心点
coastal /ˈkəʊst(ə)l/ adj. 海岸的、海边的（由coast加后缀-al变成形容词）
livelihood /ˈlaɪvlihʊd/ n. 生计、谋生的手段
community /kəˈmjuːnəti/ n. 社区
crucial /ˈkruːʃ(ə)l/ adj. 至关重要的
transform /trænsˈfɔːm/ v. 转变、彻底改变
-based 后缀，意思是基于（coral reef-based就是基于珊瑚礁的）
In addition to the key strategies, this study helped identify some conditions that may help preserve the portions of reefs that continued to function after the warming event. For example, the presence of reef-building "framework" corals (which occur where ocean conditions are more stable) allow reefs longer windows in which to recover after extreme events.
key /kiː/ adj. 关键的
identify /aɪˈdentɪfaɪ/ v. 识别、辨认出
preserve /prɪˈzɜːv/ v. 保存、保持
portion /ˈpɔːʃ(ə)n/ n. 一部分
presence /ˈprez(ə)ns/ n. 在场、存在
framework /ˈfreɪmwɜːk/ n. 框架
occur /əˈkɜː(r)/ v. 发生
stable /ˈsteɪb(ə)l/ adj. 稳定的
window /ˈwɪndəʊ/ n. （做某事的）时机
extreme /ɪkˈstriːm/ adj. 极端的
The proposed conservation framework is intended to secure coral reefs and the ecosystem services that they provide. This approach intends to couple both regional and global coral reef conservation efforts.
secure /sɪˈkjʊə(r)/ v. 使安全
ecosystem /ˈiːkəʊˌsɪstəm/ n. 生态系统（由system加上表示生态的前缀eco-）
service /ˈsɜːvɪs/ n. 服务
approach /əˈprəʊtʃ/ n. 方法
couple /ˈkʌp(ə)l/ v. 连接、结合
regional /ˈriːdʒ(ə)n(ə)l/ adj. 地区性的（由region加后缀-al变成形容词）
According to Dr. Georgina Gurney, a Research Fellow at James Cook University's ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, "While coral reef sustainability depends largely on reducing carbon emissions, identifying reefs that are likely to respond – or importantly, not respond – to local management is critical to developing management strategies to build the well-being of the millions of people dependent on coral reefs across the globe."
fellow /ˈfeləʊ/ n. （学术团体的）会员
sustainability /səˌsteɪnəˈbɪləti/ n. 可持续性
depend /dɪˈpend/ on 依靠、取决于
largely /ˈlɑːdʒli/ adv. 在很大程度上（由large加后缀-ly变成副词）
carbon /ˈkɑːb(ə)n/ n. 碳
respond /rɪˈspɒnd/ v. 响应、有反应
management /ˈmænɪdʒmənt/ n. 管理（由manage加后缀-ment变成名词）
critical /ˈkrɪtɪk(ə)l/ adj. 极重要的、关键的
well-being 健康快乐
dependent /dɪˈpendənt/ adj. 依靠…的
the globe /ɡləʊb/ 全世界
（如果您发现某些行的最后一个单词被分成两半了，请把您使用的浏览器升级到最新版本就能正常显示了。）
网友评论