Mecab-ko 韩文分词器安装与使用

环境信息:

Linux: centos7 (debian编译碰到了好多依赖问题，需要一个个调试)

Docker也是同样的问题，推荐使用centos7镜像

1. 前置依赖安装

# 编译依赖安装
yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ wget automake autoconf autogen

2. mecab-ko 编译安装

mecab-ko： 基础库

mecab-ko-dic：字典库

mecab-java：外部执行程序，必须在linux下。 其实主要是为了生成 libMeCab.so 和 MeCab.jar

编译后的文件都放到了： /usr/local/lib 和 /usr/local/bin下

# 1. mecab-ko 安装
wget https://bitbucket.org/eunjeon/mecab-ko/downloads/mecab-0.996-ko-0.9.2.tar.gz
# 解压
tar xvfz mecab-0.996-ko-0.9.2.tar.gz
cd mecab-0.996-ko-0.9.2
# 编译安装
./configure
make & make install
# 验证是否安装成功
mecab --version

# 2. mecab-ko-dic 安装
wget https://bitbucket.org/eunjeon/mecab-ko-dic/downloads/mecab-ko-dic-2.1.1-20180720.tar.gz
# 解压
tar xvfz mecab-ko-dic-2.1.1-20180720.tar.gz
cd mecab-ko-dic-2.1.1-20180720
# 编译安装 
sudo ./autogen.sh
./configure
make & make install
ldconfig

# 3.安装jdk,这里以jdk-11.0.12为例,jdk解压到/opt/jdk-11.0.2路径下
wget https://cdn.azul.com/zulu/bin/zulu11.58.23-ca-jdk11.0.16.1-linux_x64.tar.gz

# 4.mecab-java安装
wget https://bitbucket.org/eunjeon/mecab-java/downloads/mecab-java-0.996.tar.gz
# 解压
tar zxvf mecab-java-0.996.tar.gz
# 编辑Makefile文件，更新jdk地址
vi Makefile
# ----------------------
# java环境变量替换
INCLUDE=/opt/jdk-11.0.2/include
JAVAC=/opt/jdk-11.0.2/bin/javac
JAR=/opt/jdk-11.0.2/bin/jar
# -----------------------

# 复制编译好之后的文件到/usr/local/lib 下
sudo cp libMeCab.so /usr/local/lib 
sudo cp MeCab.jar /usr/local/lib


# 配置环境变量
echo "export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib" >> ~/.bash_profile 
# 或
vim ~/.bash_profile
#------------------
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib
#-----------------
source ~/.bash_profile
# 执行完以上操作后就可以进入mecab-java环境进行测试
cd /mecab-java
# javac 编译
/opt/jdk-11.0.2/bin/javac test.java
# java执行
/opt/jdk-11.0.2/bin/java test

#/opt/jdk-11.0.2/bin/javac -cp MeCab.jar test.java
#/opt/jdk-11.0.2/bin/java -Djava.library.path=/usr/local/bin/mecab-java -cp .:MeCab.jar test

参考资料
1. [MeCabのインストール（研究室編）] https://hase1031.hatenadiary.org/entry/20111005/1317808636
2. [Mac에서 MeCab Ko의 Java API 사용하기] https://velog.io/@nocode/Mac%EC%97%90%EC%84%9C-MeCab-Ko%EC%9D%98-Java-API-%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%ED%95%98%EA%B8%B0
3. [MECAB 한글 형태소 분석기 플러그인 설치하기] http://guruble.com/mecab-%ED%95%9C%EA%B8%80-%ED%98%95%ED%83%9C%EC%86%8C-%EB%B6%84%EC%84%9D%EA%B8%B0-%ED%94%8C%EB%9F%AC%EA%B7%B8%EC%9D%B8-%EC%84%A4%EC%B9%98%ED%95%98%EA%B8%B0/
4. [Elasticsearch 5.5.0 은전한닢 형태소 분석기 연동 설치하기
출처: https://kogun82.tistory.com/173 [Ctrl+C&V 로 하는 프로그래밍:티스토리]] https://kogun82.tistory.com/173
5. [GitHub] https://github.com/SOMJANG/Mecab-ko-for-Google-Colab/blob/master/install_mecab-ko_on_colab_light_220429.sh

사용자의 공개 채널에서 메시지 및 다른 콘텐츠 보기 channels:history
님이 Angelie Jayme Liamzon Cafe24 님의 채널 초대를 수락했습니다. 아래에서 세부정보를 검토할 수 있습니다.

3. Dockerfile

先准备好如下文件，放到docker打包路径下：

[root@localhost docker]# ll
总用量 4
drwxr-xr-x. 9 root root  141 10月 14 15:05 build
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1891 10月 14 12:53 Dockerfile
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  183 10月 14 10:42 public
[root@localhost docker]#

# build 为java编译后生成的路径
# public 为资源文件

# public资源文件如下：
总用量 244684
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root       697 10月 14 10:42 Makefile
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   1414979 10月 14 10:42 mecab-0.996-ko-0.9.2.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root     28653 10月 14 10:42 mecab-java-0.996.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  49775061 10月 14 10:42 mecab-ko-dic-2.1.1-20180720.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 199324356 10月 14 10:42 zulu11.58.23-ca-jdk11.0.16.1-linux_x64.tar.gz

FROM centos:7
USER root
#==============
# mecab 编译
#==============
# nginx版本
ENV JAVA_PATH /opt
# 临时源文件路径
ENV TMP_PATH /opt/tmp
ENV LD_LIBRARY_PATH /usr/local/lib
ENV JDK_PACKAGE zulu11.58.23-ca-jdk11.0.16.1-linux_x64
ENV MECAB_KO_PACKAGE mecab-0.996-ko-0.9.2
ENV MECAB_KO_DIC mecab-ko-dic-2.1.1-20180720
ENV MECAB_JAVA mecab-java-0.996

# 依赖准备
RUN yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ wget automake autoconf autogen make
COPY /public $TMP_PATH
WORKDIR $TMP_PATH

# 安装mecab-ko
RUN tar xvfz $MECAB_KO_PACKAGE.tar.gz
WORKDIR $MECAB_KO_PACKAGE
RUN echo "mecab-ko.........."
RUN ./configure --with-charset=utf8 \
    && make -j4 \
    && make install \
    && ldconfig \
    && mecab --version

# 安装mecab-ko-dic
WORKDIR $TMP_PATH
RUN tar xvfz $MECAB_KO_DIC.tar.gz
WORKDIR $MECAB_KO_DIC
RUN ./autogen.sh \
    && ./configure --with-charset=utf8 \
    && make -j4 \
    && make install \
    && ldconfig
RUN echo "java 准备编译... "

# jdk安装
WORKDIR /opt
RUN mv $TMP_PATH/$JDK_PACKAGE.tar.gz /opt \
    && tar zxvf $JDK_PACKAGE.tar.gz \
    && mv $JDK_PACKAGE jdk11
WORKDIR jdk11

# java 类库安装
WORKDIR $TMP_PATH
RUN ls -l
RUN tar zxvf $MECAB_JAVA.tar.gz
WORKDIR $MECAB_JAVA
# 覆盖Makefile
# COPY /public/Makefile $TMP_PATH/mecab-java-0.996
RUN mv -f $TMP_PATH/Makefile $TMP_PATH/$MECAB_JAVA \
    && make \
    && cp libMeCab.so /usr/local/lib \
    && cp MeCab.jar /usr/local/lib

# 清除临时目录
RUN rm -rf $TMP_PATH \
    rm -rf $TMP_PATH/$JDK_PACKAGE.tar.gz

WORKDIR /
COPY build/libs/*.jar app.jar
RUN ls -l
# USER java
EXPOSE 8000
# CMD /opt/jdk11/bin/java -Dfile.encoding=utf-8 -Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/./urandom -jar /app.jar --spring.profiles.active=${APPS_ENV}
CMD /opt/jdk11/bin/java -Dfile.encoding=utf-8 -Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/./urandom -jar /app.jar

4. 常用Docker命令

systemctl restart docker

# docker 测试
# 打包资源上传路径
cd /opt/docker

# 生成image镜像
docker build -t mecab-ko:v2.4 .

# container 运行image镜像
docker run -d --name mecab-ko -p 8000:8000 mecab-ko:v2.4

# 进入容器
docker exec -it d4d09122009d /bin/bash

# 停止所有docker container
docker stop $(docker ps -a -q)

# 删除所有docker container
docker rm $(docker ps -a -q)

5. SpringBoot核心代码

需要将mecab-java-0.996项目下的 org.chasen.mecab 包及类文件完整的拷贝到你的Springboot项目中。

/**
 * @author: curyu
 * @date: 2022/10/13 10:51
 * @description:
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("mecab")
public class MecabController {

    static {
        try {
            System.loadLibrary("MeCab");
        } catch (UnsatisfiedLinkError e) {
            System.err.println("Cannot load the example native code.\nMake sure your LD_LIBRARY_PATH contains \'.\'\n" + e);
            System.exit(1);
        }
    }

    @SneakyThrows
    @GetMapping("/api")
    public List<Map<String, Object>> mecabKeywords(String text) {
        List<Map<String, Object>> resultList = new ArrayList<>();
        String[] split = text.split("\\r\\n");
        for (String s : split) {
            Map<String, Object> map = doMecab(s);
            resultList.add(map);
        }
        return resultList;
    }

    private Map<String, Object> doMecab(String text) {
        Map<String, Object> result = new HashMap<>();
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        System.out.println(MeCab.VERSION);
        Tagger tagger = new Tagger();
        String record1 = tagger.parse(text);
        Node node = tagger.parseToNode(text);
        result.put("sourceText", text);
        // result.put("targetParse", record1);
        for (; node != null; node = node.getNext()) {
            String record3 = node.getSurface();
            list.add(record3);
            if (node.getSurface() != null && !("").equals(node.getSurface()) && node.getSurface().toString().length() > 0) {
                result.put("targetNode", list);
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

}

测试页面html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>分词测试</title>
    <script src="jquery.mini.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/mecab/api" target="hidden_frame">
    keywords: <textarea style="width:1000px;height:500px" name="text"></textarea>
    <br>
    <input type="submit">
</form>
<iframe id="hidden_frame" name="hidden_frame" style="display:none;"></iframe>
<div class="innerDiv">
<h1>为了展示更直观，以 | 为分隔符</h1>
</div>
</body>
</html>

<script type="text/javascript" charset="UTF-8">
    $('#hidden_frame').load(function () {
        var resultText = $("#hidden_frame")[0].contentDocument.body.getElementsByTagName("pre")[0].innerHTML;
        var result = $.parseJSON(resultText);
        console.log("result ==", result)
        var innerHtmlText = "";
        result.forEach((item, index, arr) => {
            var sourceText = item.sourceText;
            var targetNode = item.targetNode;
            console.log(sourceText);
            console.log("----------------")
            console.log(targetNode)

            innerHtmlText += "    <h1>原文</h1>\n" +
                "    <span>" + sourceText + "</span>\n" +
                "    <br>\n" +
                "    <h2>分词</h2>\n" +
                "    <span>" + targetNode.join(" <span style='color: red'>|</span>  ") + "</span>\n" +
                "    <br>\n" +
                "    <br>"
        })
        $(".innerDiv").html(innerHtmlText)
    });
</script>

6. 效果展示

AJ2vvIyGAm.gif