Android快速实现发送邮件

项目地址：https://github.com/teprinciple/SendMailDemo

前言

现在一般很少有用Android原生app发送邮件的需求，但是前段时间公司项目需要在Android app 内部发送邮件，于是就在网上收集资料并整理了一个Demo。虽然最后这个需求被减掉了，但是我这里还是把Demo的内容给大家分享一下。

第一步、导入第三方jar包

Android实现发送邮件，首先需要依赖additional.jar、mail.jar和activation.jar这3个jar包。Google提供了下载地址：https://code.google.com/archive/p/javamail-android/downloads 。下载后添加到依赖（这里我就不详细说明了）。

第二步、创建相关类

1、创建MailInfo类，来代表一个即将被发送的邮件

package com.shidian.mail;

import java.util.Properties;

public class MailInfo {

    private String mailServerHost;// 发送邮件的服务器的IP
    private String mailServerPort;// 发送邮件的服务器的端口
    private String fromAddress;// 邮件发送者的地址
    private String toAddress;   // 邮件接收者的地址
    private String userName;// 登陆邮件发送服务器的用户名
    private String password;// 登陆邮件发送服务器的密码
    private boolean validate = true;// 是否需要身份验证
    private String subject;// 邮件主题
    private String content;// 邮件的文本内容
    private String[] attachFileNames;// 邮件附件的文件名

    /**
     * 获得邮件会话属性
     */
    public Properties getProperties() {
        Properties p = new Properties();
        p.put("mail.smtp.host", this.mailServerHost);
        p.put("mail.smtp.port", this.mailServerPort);
        p.put("mail.smtp.auth", validate ? "true" : "false");
        return p;
    }

    public String getMailServerHost() {
        return mailServerHost;
    }

    public void setMailServerHost(String mailServerHost) {
        this.mailServerHost = mailServerHost;
    }

    public String getMailServerPort() {
        return mailServerPort;
    }

    public void setMailServerPort(String mailServerPort) {
        this.mailServerPort = mailServerPort;
    }

    public boolean isValidate() {
        return validate;
    }

    public void setValidate(boolean validate) {
        this.validate = validate;
    }

    public String[] getAttachFileNames() {
        return attachFileNames;
    }

    public void setAttachFileNames(String[] fileNames) {
        this.attachFileNames = fileNames;
    }

    public String getFromAddress() {
        return fromAddress;
    }

    public void setFromAddress(String fromAddress) {
        this.fromAddress = fromAddress;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public String getToAddress() {
        return toAddress;
    }

    public void setToAddress(String toAddress) {
        this.toAddress = toAddress;
    }

    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }

    public String getSubject() {
        return subject;
    }

    public void setSubject(String subject) {
        this.subject = subject;
    }

    public String getContent() {
        return content;
    }

    public void setContent(String textContent) {
        this.content = textContent;
    }
}

2、创建认证类MyAuthenticator

package com.shidian.mail;
import javax.mail.Authenticator;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
public class MyAuthenticator extends Authenticator {
    String userName = null;
    String password = null;
    public MyAuthenticator() {
    }
    public MyAuthenticator(String username, String password) {
        this.userName = username;
        this.password = password;
    }
    protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
        return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, password);
    }
}

3、创建邮件发送类MailSender

package com.shidian.mail;

import android.util.Log;

import java.io.File;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Properties;

import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.Address;
import javax.mail.Authenticator;
import javax.mail.BodyPart;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;

/**
 * 发送器
 */
public class MailSender {
    /**
     * 以文本格式发送邮件
     * @param mailInfo 待发送的邮件的信息
     */
    public boolean sendTextMail(final MailInfo mailInfo) {

        // 判断是否需要身份认证
        MyAuthenticator authenticator = null;
        Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties();
        if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {
            // 如果需要身份认证，则创建一个密码验证器
            authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword());
        }
        // 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session
        Session sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro, authenticator);

//      Session sendMailSession = Session.getInstance(pro, new Authenticator() {
//          @Override
//          protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
//              return new PasswordAuthentication(mailInfo.getUserName(),mailInfo.getPassword());
//          }
//      });

        try {
            // 根据session创建一个邮件消息
            Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);
            // 创建邮件发送者地址
            Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress());
            // 设置邮件消息的发送者
            mailMessage.setFrom(from);
            // 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中
            Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress());
            mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);
            // 设置邮件消息的主题
            mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject());
            // 设置邮件消息发送的时间
            mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());

            // 设置邮件消息的主要内容
            String mailContent = mailInfo.getContent();
            mailMessage.setText(mailContent);
            // 发送邮件
            Transport.send(mailMessage);
            return true;
        } catch (MessagingException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * 以HTML格式发送邮件
     * @param mailInfo 待发送的邮件信息
     */
    public static boolean sendHtmlMail(MailInfo mailInfo) {
        // 判断是否需要身份认证
        MyAuthenticator authenticator = null;
        Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties();
        // 如果需要身份认证，则创建一个密码验证器
        if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {
            authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword());
        }
        // 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session
        Session sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro, authenticator);
        try {
            // 根据session创建一个邮件消息
            Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);
            // 创建邮件发送者地址
            Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress());
            // 设置邮件消息的发送者
            mailMessage.setFrom(from);
            // 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中
            Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress());
            // Message.RecipientType.TO属性表示接收者的类型为TO
            mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);
            // 设置邮件消息的主题
            mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject());
            // 设置邮件消息发送的时间
            mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());
            // MiniMultipart类是一个容器类，包含MimeBodyPart类型的对象
            Multipart mainPart = new MimeMultipart();
            // 创建一个包含HTML内容的MimeBodyPart
            BodyPart html = new MimeBodyPart();
            // 设置HTML内容
            html.setContent(mailInfo.getContent(), "text/html; charset=utf-8");
            mainPart.addBodyPart(html);
            // 将MiniMultipart对象设置为邮件内容
            mailMessage.setContent(mainPart);
            // 发送邮件
            Transport.send(mailMessage);
            return true;
        } catch (MessagingException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
        return false;
    }


    /**
     * 发送带附件的邮件
     * @param info
     * @return
     */
    public boolean sendFileMail(MailInfo info, File file){
        Message attachmentMail = createAttachmentMail(info,file);
        try {
            Transport.send(attachmentMail);
            return true;
        } catch (MessagingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        }

    }

    /**
     * 创建带有附件的邮件
     * @return
     */
    private Message createAttachmentMail(final MailInfo info, File file) {
        //创建邮件
        MimeMessage message = null;
        Properties pro = info.getProperties();
        try {

            Session sendMailSession = Session.getInstance(pro, new Authenticator() {
                @Override
                protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
                    return new PasswordAuthentication(info.getUserName(),info.getPassword());
                }
            });

            message = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);
            // 设置邮件的基本信息
            //创建邮件发送者地址
            Address from = new InternetAddress(info.getFromAddress());
            //设置邮件消息的发送者
            message.setFrom(from);
            //创建邮件的接受者地址，并设置到邮件消息中
            Address to = new InternetAddress(info.getToAddress());
            //设置邮件消息的接受者, Message.RecipientType.TO属性表示接收者的类型为TO
            message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);
            //邮件标题
            message.setSubject(info.getSubject());

            // 创建邮件正文，为了避免邮件正文中文乱码问题，需要使用CharSet=UTF-8指明字符编码
            MimeBodyPart text = new MimeBodyPart();
            text.setContent(info.getContent(), "text/html;charset=UTF-8");

            // 创建容器描述数据关系
            MimeMultipart mp = new MimeMultipart();
            mp.addBodyPart(text);
                // 创建邮件附件
                MimeBodyPart attach = new MimeBodyPart();

            FileDataSource ds = new FileDataSource(file);
            DataHandler dh = new DataHandler(ds);
                attach.setDataHandler(dh);
                attach.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeText(dh.getName()));
                mp.addBodyPart(attach);
            mp.setSubType("mixed");
            message.setContent(mp);
            message.saveChanges();

        } catch (Exception e) {
            Log.e("TAG", "创建带附件的邮件失败");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        // 返回生成的邮件
        return message;
    }
}

第三步、发送邮件

这里举例发送文本邮件和带附件的邮件

package teprinciple.yang.sendmaildemo;

import android.os.Environment;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;

import com.shidian.mail.SendMailUtil;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private EditText editText;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        editText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.toAddEt);
    }


    public void senTextMail(View view) {
        SendMailUtil.send(editText.getText().toString());
    }

    public void sendFileMail(View view) {

        File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()+File.separator+"test.txt");
        OutputStream os = null;
        try {
            os = new FileOutputStream(file);
            String str = "hello world";
            byte[] data = str.getBytes();
            os.write(data);
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally{
            try {
                if (os != null)os.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
            }
        }
        SendMailUtil.send(file,editText.getText().toString());
    }
}

下面是发送邮件的SendMailUtil

package com.shidian.mail;

import android.support.annotation.NonNull;

import java.io.File;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017/4/10.
 */

public class SendMailUtil {
    //qq
    private static final String HOST = "smtp.qq.com";
    private static final String PORT = "587";
    private static final String FROM_ADD = "teprinciple@foxmail.com"; //发送方邮箱
    private static final String FROM_PSW = "lfrlpganzjrwbeci";//发送方邮箱授权码

//    //163
//    private static final String HOST = "smtp.163.com";
//    private static final String PORT = "465"; //或者465  994
//    private static final String FROM_ADD = "teprinciple@163.com";
//    private static final String FROM_PSW = "teprinciple163";
////    private static final String TO_ADD = "2584770373@qq.com";

    public static void send(final File file,String toAdd){
        final MailInfo mailInfo = creatMail(toAdd);
        final MailSender sms = new MailSender();
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                sms.sendFileMail(mailInfo,file);
            }
        }).start();
    }

    public static void send(String toAdd){
        final MailInfo mailInfo = creatMail(toAdd);
        final MailSender sms = new MailSender();
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                sms.sendTextMail(mailInfo);
            }
        }).start();
    }

    @NonNull
    private static MailInfo creatMail(String toAdd) {
        final MailInfo mailInfo = new MailInfo();
        mailInfo.setMailServerHost(HOST);
        mailInfo.setMailServerPort(PORT);
        mailInfo.setValidate(true);
        mailInfo.setUserName(FROM_ADD); // 你的邮箱地址
        mailInfo.setPassword(FROM_PSW);// 您的邮箱密码
        mailInfo.setFromAddress(FROM_ADD); // 发送的邮箱
        mailInfo.setToAddress(toAdd); // 发到哪个邮件去
        mailInfo.setSubject("Hello"); // 邮件主题
        mailInfo.setContent("Android 测试"); // 邮件文本
        return mailInfo;
    }
}

特别注意：一定要打开邮箱POP3/IMAP/SMTP服务，不然认证会失败

需要把SendMailUtil 下的FROM_ADD，FROM_PSW配置成你自己的账号和授权码

  private static final String FROM_ADD = "teprinciple@foxmail.com";
    private static final String FROM_PSW = "lfrlpganzjrwbeci";