又是一个Android的动画效果, Material提出的. Fragment切换时, 有一些元素(element)会保持不变, 如何使这些元素切换时, 赋予动画效果呢? 需要设置addSharedElement()方法, 目前只支持api21+. 那么我们就来看一下吧.
本文源码的GitHub下载地址
效果
1. 准备
还是从一个HelloWorld工程开始.
build.gradle添加两个常用库, recyclerview和butterknife.
compile 'com.jakewharton:butterknife:7.0.1'
compile 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:23.1.0'
修改主题颜色
<color name="colorPrimary">#FF1493</color>
<color name="colorPrimaryDark">#FF1493</color>
去掉状态条(status bar)的透明颜色, 在style中, 删除statusBarColor.
<item name="android:statusBarColor">@android:color/transparent</item>
2. 主页面
在Activity中添加Fragment, 内容在Fragment中添加
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
// 替换Fragment
if (savedInstanceState == null) {
getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction()
.add(R.id.main_cl_container, new GridFragment())
.commit();
}
}
Fragment中使用RecyclerView创建一个网格(Grid)页面, 为Item添加点击监听, 这个下一步再完成. Item显示一个图片和一行文字.
public class GridFragment extends Fragment {
private ArrayList<Pair<Integer, Integer>> mData;
@Bind(R.id.grid_rv_recycler)
RecyclerView mRvRecycler;
@Nullable
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_grid, container, false);
ButterKnife.bind(this, view);
return view;
}
@Override
public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);
initData();
mRvRecycler.setAdapter(new MyGridAdapter(mData, mListener));
mRvRecycler.setLayoutManager(new GridLayoutManager(getContext(), 2)); // 一行两个
}
private MyViewOnClickListener mListener = new MyViewOnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClickedView(MyGridViewHolder holder, int position) {
}
};
// 初始化数据
private void initData() {
mData = new ArrayList<>();
mData.add(Pair.create(R.string.taeyeon, R.drawable.taeyeon));
mData.add(Pair.create(R.string.jessica, R.drawable.jessica));
mData.add(Pair.create(R.string.sunny, R.drawable.sunny));
mData.add(Pair.create(R.string.tiffany, R.drawable.tiffany));
mData.add(Pair.create(R.string.yuri, R.drawable.yuri));
mData.add(Pair.create(R.string.yoona, R.drawable.yoona));
}
@Override
public void onDestroyView() {
super.onDestroyView();
ButterKnife.unbind(this);
}
}
RecyclerView的Adapter
/**
* Fragment的网格适配器
* <p/>
* Created by wangchenlong on 15/11/5.
*/
public class MyGridAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<MyGridViewHolder> {
private ArrayList<Pair<Integer, Integer>> mData; // 名字和图片
private MyViewOnClickListener mListener; // 点击事件
public MyGridAdapter(ArrayList<Pair<Integer, Integer>> data,
MyViewOnClickListener listener) {
mData = data;
mListener = listener;
}
@Override
public MyGridViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.grid_item, parent, false);
return new MyGridViewHolder(view);
}
@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(final MyGridViewHolder holder, final int position) {
holder.getTextView().setText(mData.get(position).first);
holder.getImageView().setImageResource(mData.get(position).second);
// 把每个图片视图设置不同的Transition名称, 防止在一个视图内有多个相同的名称, 在变换的时候造成混乱
// Fragment支持多个View进行变换, 使用适配器时, 需要加以区分
ViewCompat.setTransitionName(holder.getImageView(), String.valueOf(position) + "_image");
holder.getImageView().setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
mListener.onClickedView(holder, position);
}
});
}
@Override
public int getItemCount() {
return mData.size();
}
}
注意
ViewCompat.setTransitionName();, 把不同的视图设置不同的变换名称, 防止造成混乱, 同时支持多个视图同时变换.
ViewHolder
/**
* 提供了Grid的ImageView
* <p/>
* Created by wangchenlong on 15/11/5.
*/
public class MyGridViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
private ImageView mImageView;
private TextView mTextView;
public MyGridViewHolder(View itemView) {
super(itemView);
mImageView = (ImageView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.grid_image);
mTextView = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.grid_text);
}
public ImageView getImageView() {
return mImageView;
}
public TextView getTextView() {
return mTextView;
}
}
点击接口, 提供ViewHolder和点击的位置position.
public interface MyViewOnClickListener {
void onClickedView(MyGridViewHolder holder, int position);
}
效果
�Grid
3. 详情页面
主页面跳转之后的详情页面, 根据选择的ID, 创建不同内容的Fragment, 点击图片返回上一个Fragment, 和主页面联动执行动画, 动画逻辑在主页面的FragmentManager中添加的.
/**
* 详情页面
* <p/>
* Created by wangchenlong on 15/11/5.
*/
public class DetailFragment extends Fragment {
private static final String ARG_NUMBER = "arg_number";
private ArrayList<DetailData> mDetailDatas;
@Bind(R.id.detail_image)
ImageView mImage;
@Bind(R.id.detail_head)
TextView mHead;
@Bind(R.id.detail_body)
TextView mBody;
/**
* 根据选择的number, 选择展示的数据
*
* @param number 数字
* @return 详情页面
*/
public static DetailFragment newInstance(@IntRange(from = 0, to = 5) int number) {
Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
bundle.putInt(ARG_NUMBER, number);
DetailFragment detailFragment = new DetailFragment();
detailFragment.setArguments(bundle);
return detailFragment;
}
@Nullable
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_detail, container, false);
ButterKnife.bind(this, view);
return view;
}
@Override
public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);
initData();
int number = getArguments().getInt(ARG_NUMBER);
mImage.setImageResource(mDetailDatas.get(number).getImage());
mHead.setText(mDetailDatas.get(number).getHead());
mBody.setText(mDetailDatas.get(number).getBody());
mImage.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
getActivity().getSupportFragmentManager().popBackStack();
}
});
}
// 初始化数据
private void initData() {
mDetailDatas = new ArrayList<>();
mDetailDatas.add(new DetailData(R.drawable.taeyeon, R.string.taeyeon, R.string.taeyeon_detail));
mDetailDatas.add(new DetailData(R.drawable.jessica, R.string.jessica, R.string.jessica_detail));
mDetailDatas.add(new DetailData(R.drawable.sunny, R.string.sunny, R.string.sunny_detail));
mDetailDatas.add(new DetailData(R.drawable.tiffany, R.string.tiffany, R.string.tiffany_detail));
mDetailDatas.add(new DetailData(R.drawable.yuri, R.string.yuri, R.string.yuri_detail));
mDetailDatas.add(new DetailData(R.drawable.yoona, R.string.yoona, R.string.yoona_detail));
}
@Override
public void onDestroyView() {
super.onDestroyView();
ButterKnife.unbind(this);
}
// 定义类
private class DetailData {
private int mImage;
private int mHead;
private int mBody;
public DetailData(int image, int head, int body) {
mImage = image;
mHead = head;
mBody = body;
}
public int getImage() {
return mImage;
}
public int getHead() {
return mHead;
}
public int getBody() {
return mBody;
}
}
}
关键的资源文件, 有一条重要的属性, android:transitionName=""表明需要转换对象的名称, 在点击事件中使用.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:gravity="center"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:padding="16dp">
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/detail_image"
android:layout_width="240dp"
android:layout_height="240dp"
android:scaleType="centerCrop"
android:src="@drawable/tiffany"
android:transitionName="@string/image_transition"
tools:ignore="UnusedAttribute"/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/detail_head"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/tiffany"
android:textAppearance="@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Headline"/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/detail_body"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/tiffany_detail"
android:textAppearance="@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Body2"/>
</LinearLayout>
效果
Detail
重写GridFragment的点击事件
/**
* 点击事件, 转换元素的动画,
* 关键addSharedElement(holder.getImageView(), getResources().getString(R.string.image_transition))
* 绑定ViewHolder的图片和DetailFragment的跳转.
*/
private MyViewOnClickListener mListener = new MyViewOnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClickedView(MyGridViewHolder holder, int position) {
DetailFragment detailFragment = DetailFragment.newInstance(position);
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) {
detailFragment.setSharedElementEnterTransition(new DetailTransition());
setExitTransition(new Fade());
detailFragment.setEnterTransition(new Fade());
detailFragment.setSharedElementReturnTransition(new DetailTransition());
}
getActivity().getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction()
.addSharedElement(holder.getImageView(), getResources().getString(R.string.image_transition))
.replace(R.id.main_cl_container, detailFragment)
.addToBackStack(null)
.commit();
}
};
关键addSharedElement(), 确定转换的元素View.
Fade是淡出动画; DetailTransition是自定义动画.
填写动画属性
/**
* 转换动画
* Created by wangchenlong on 15/11/5.
*/
@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP)
public class DetailTransition extends TransitionSet {
public DetailTransition() {
init();
}
// 允许资源文件使用
public DetailTransition(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
init();
}
private void init() {
setOrdering(ORDERING_TOGETHER);
addTransition(new ChangeBounds()).
addTransition(new ChangeTransform()).
addTransition(new ChangeImageTransform());
}
}
动画效果, 添加属性即可.
ChangeBounds: 视图的位置和大小;
ChangeTransform: 视图的�比例(scale);
ChangeImageTransform: 图像的比例;
都完成了, 当切换Fragment时, 关联视图就会使用动画进行播放!
OK, that's all ! Enjoy it!
网友评论