Kerberos 命令使用

这里列出Kerberos中常用的命令。

使用指南(日常)

登录 kinit admin/admin@EXAMPLE.COM

[root@dounine ~]# kinit admin/admin@EXAMPLE.COM
Password for admin/admin@EXAMPLE.COM: 123456

查询登录状态 klist

[root@dounine ~]# klist
Ticket cache: FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_0
Default principal: admin/admin@EXAMPLE.COM

Valid starting       Expires              Service principal
2018-07-12T00:54:55  2018-07-13T00:54:55  krbtgt/EXAMPLE.COM@EXAMPLE.COM

退出 kdestroy

[root@dounine ~]# kdestroy
[root@dounine ~]# klist
klist: No credentials cache found (filename: /tmp/krb5cc_0)

指使指南(维护)

登录管理KDC服务器
登录后台 kadmin.local

[root@dounine ~]# kadmin.local
Authenticating as principal root/admin@EXAMPLE.COM with password.
kadmin.local:  

查看用户列表 listprincs

[root@dounine ~]# kadmin.local
Authenticating as principal root/admin@EXAMPLE.COM with password.
kadmin.local:  listprincs
K/M@EXAMPLE.COM
activity_analyzer/host1.demo.com@EXAMPLE.COM
activity_explorer/host1.demo.com@EXAMPLE.COM
admin/admin@EXAMPLE.COM
...

修改帐号密码(可修改忘记密码)

[root@dounine ~]# kadmin.local
Authenticating as principal root/admin@EXAMPLE.COM with password.
kadmin.local:  change_password admin/admin@EXAMPLE.COM
Enter password for principal "admin/admin@EXAMPLE.COM": 123456
Re-enter password for principal "admin/admin@EXAMPLE.COM": 123456
Password for "admin/admin@EXAMPLE.COM" changed.

创建用户

[root@dounine ~]# kadmin.local
Authenticating as principal root/admin@EXAMPLE.COM with password.
kadmin.local:  add_principal test1
WARNING: no policy specified for test1@EXAMPLE.COM; defaulting to no policy
Enter password for principal "test1@EXAMPLE.COM": 123456
Re-enter password for principal "test1@EXAMPLE.COM": 123456
Principal "test1@EXAMPLE.COM" created.

删除用户

[root@dounine ~]# kadmin.local
Authenticating as principal root/admin@EXAMPLE.COM with password.
kadmin.local:  delete_principal test1
Are you sure you want to delete the principal "test1@EXAMPLE.COM"? (yes/no): yes
Principal "test1@EXAMPLE.COM" deleted.
Make sure that you have removed this principal from all ACLs before reusing.

只导出用户keytab文件(并且不要修改密码)

[root@dounine ~]# kadmin.local
Authenticating as principal root/admin@EXAMPLE.COM with password.
kadmin.local:  xst -k admin.keytab -norandkey admin/admin@EXAMPLE.COM
Entry for principal admin/admin@EXAMPLE.COM with kvno 6, encryption type aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 added to keytab WRFILE:admin.keytab.
Entry for principal admin/admin@EXAMPLE.COM with kvno 6, encryption type aes128-cts-hmac-sha1-96 added to keytab WRFILE:admin.keytab.
Entry for principal admin/admin@EXAMPLE.COM with kvno 6, encryption type des3-cbc-sha1 added to keytab WRFILE:admin.keytab.
Entry for principal admin/admin@EXAMPLE.COM with kvno 6, encryption type arcfour-hmac added to keytab WRFILE:admin.keytab.
Entry for principal admin/admin@EXAMPLE.COM with kvno 6, encryption type camellia256-cts-cmac added to keytab WRFILE:admin.keytab.
Entry for principal admin/admin@EXAMPLE.COM with kvno 6, encryption type camellia128-cts-cmac added to keytab WRFILE:admin.keytab.
Entry for principal admin/admin@EXAMPLE.COM with kvno 6, encryption type des-hmac-sha1 added to keytab WRFILE:admin.keytab.
Entry for principal admin/admin@EXAMPLE.COM with kvno 6, encryption type des-cbc-md5 added to keytab WRFILE:admin.keytab.
kadmin.local:  exit

PS:有些教程说是ktadd,其实它们是一样的效果，在命令使用帮助中我们可以查询到哪些命令是一样的。

[root@dounine ~]# kadmin.local
Authenticating as principal root/admin@EXAMPLE.COM with password.
kadmin.local:  ? #是查看帮助命令
Available kadmin.local requests:

add_principal, addprinc, ank
                         Add principal
delete_principal, delprinc
                         Delete principal
modify_principal, modprinc
                         Modify principal
rename_principal, renprinc
                         Rename principal
change_password, cpw     Change password
get_principal, getprinc  Get principal
list_principals, listprincs, get_principals, getprincs
                         List principals
add_policy, addpol       Add policy
modify_policy, modpol    Modify policy
delete_policy, delpol    Delete policy
get_policy, getpol       Get policy
list_policies, listpols, get_policies, getpols
                         List policies
get_privs, getprivs      Get privileges
ktadd, xst               Add entry(s) to a keytab
ktremove, ktrem          Remove entry(s) from a keytab
lock                     Lock database exclusively (use with extreme caution!)
unlock                   Release exclusive database lock
purgekeys                Purge previously retained old keys from a principal
get_strings, getstrs     Show string attributes on a principal
set_string, setstr       Set a string attribute on a principal
del_string, delstr       Delete a string attribute on a principal
list_requests, lr, ?     List available requests.
quit, exit, q            Exit program. 

用逗号分隔的命令就是相等的,例如

add_principal, addprinc, ank
delete_principal, delprinc
ktadd, xst
...等等

使用Keytab验证是否可以登录(无错误输出即可)

kinit -kt /etc/security/keytabs/admin.keytab admin/admin@EXAMPLE.COM