CHAPTER 1 Parenting Is a Brian Thing
第一章：育儿是件脑力活
Sarah, mother of 12-month-old Vincent is watching videos of her son while having her brain imaged. She is watching two difrerent scenes. In one video,Vincent is laughing gleefully as Sarah blows big wet bubbles at him. In theother, Vincent is crying because Sarah has just left the room. As Sarahwatches the happy Vincent scene, parts of her left hemisphere light up on the imaging screen-parts of the brain knwon to be connected to what brain scientis call the reward system. Although we cannot see it on the screen,chemicals, including oxytocin and dopamine, are flooding these regions of Sarah's brain.
12岁文森特的妈妈莎拉一边看儿子的视频，一边接受脑成像扫描。
她在看两个不同的视频。一个是她对文特森吹泡泡，文特森开怀大笑；另一个是她正要离开房间，文特森嚎啕大哭。当莎拉看着儿子开心的场景，她大脑左半球部分区域被激活，并在大脑成像的屏幕亮起来。这些亮起来的部分就被科学家称之为奖赏系统。尽管我们无法在屏幕看到这个系统具体样子，但是像催产素和多巴胺这样的化学物质涌向莎拉的大脑这部分区域。
In contrast, as Sarah watches the scene of Vincent in distress,parts of her brain on the right side become very active--brain regions associated with responding empathically to a loved one's pain. Now, diflerent chemicals, including one much like adrenaline, are spurting into regions of Sarah's brain that ramp up her vigilance and make her intensely and somewhat painfully aware of Vincent's distress.
相反，当莎拉看到儿子处于焦虑中，处理爱人痛苦的右脑区域被激活，不同的神经递质，包括一种叫多巴胺的物质使莎拉警觉，使她对儿子的焦虑紧张，并且还会感到痛苦。
We are watching the healthy parenting brain in action.
这是我们在实验任务中观察健康父母教养方式的大脑。
Sarah's Brain:Seeing the Healthy Parenting Brian in Action
莎拉的大脑：在任务中观察健康育儿大脑
Creating stable structures lasting over many years for the protection and rearing of children is essential, as our offspring, compared to those of other manmals, are the weakest and require the longest care.
Donatella Marrazziti （2009，P265）
为了保护和养育孩子，建立持续多年的稳定结构至关重要，因为比起其他哺乳动物的后代，我们的后代是最弱的，需要时间最长的护理。
Donatella Marrazziti （2009，P265）
Like Vincent, our precious children depend completely on us, as parents, andperhaps more specifically, on thc healthy functioning of our brains to parent well. Children's brains thrive when interacting with adults who have the brain capacity to love them unconditionally, experience joy from being with them, pay close attention to them,and understand them deeply.In short, nothing is more important to parent-child relationships and to children's development than the health of parents' brain.
像文特森一样，我们的孩子完全依赖父母，或者更准确地说，依赖父母大脑的健康功能来实施正确养育。当孩子与具有能力无条件爱他们，体验与他们在一起的快乐，关注他们，深入理解他们的成人交往时，他们的大脑就会茁壮成长。总之，对于亲子关系和孩子的成长，没有什么比父母健康的大脑更重要。
We have to be moved by our interactions with our children if we are going tobe responsive to their needs and stay connected Io them. It is not enough just to notice that your child is upset ; you have to feel something in response to seeing and hearing your child's distress. We take this process of being moved as parents for granted. But in this book. we are going to take a close look at what neuroscientists have learned about how we are able to teel these essential parental feelings, howour brains and bodies talk to each other in ways that enable us to be parental, to be caring and sensitive with our kids.
如果我们回应孩子的需求，与他们保持联结，我们就会在与孩子交往的过程被感动。仅是注意到你的孩子不开心是不够的，你得需要感觉到一些东西来回应你看到或听到你孩子压力。我们把父母被被感动的这一过程视为理所当然，但在这本书，我们将仔细了解神经学家是怎样知道我们能够感觉到这些基本的育儿感觉，我们的大脑和身体如何交流，并使我们成为对孩子体贴、对他们需求敏感的父母。
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