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python中start方法和run区别

python中start方法和run区别

作者: 哆啦在这A梦在哪 | 来源:发表于2018-11-22 15:56 被阅读71次

    在实例调用的函数中加入打印当前线程的名字,分别用start()方法和run()方法启动线程检查有什么区别:

    start()方法:

    import threading
    import time
     
    def worker():
        count = 1
        while True:
            if count >= 6:
                break
            time.sleep(1)
            count += 1
            print("thread name = {}".format(threading.current_thread().name))#当前线程名
     
    t = threading.Thread(target=worker,name="MyThread")
    t.start()
     
    print("===end===")
    

    运行结果:

    ===end===
    thread name = MyThread #
    thread name = MyThread
    thread name = MyThread
    thread name = MyThread
    thread name = MyThread
    

    从上面例子中打印的线程名字来看,使用start()方法启动的线程名是我们定义线程对象时设置的name="MyThread"的值,如果没有设置name参数值,则会打印系统分配的Thread-1,Thread-2...这样的名称。

    run()方法:

    import threading
    import time
     
    def worker():
        count = 1
        while True:
            if count >= 6:
                break
            time.sleep(1)
            count += 1
            print("thread name = {}".format(threading.current_thread().name))
     
    t = threading.Thread(target=worker,name="MyThread")
    t.run()
     
    print("===end===")
    

    运行结果:

    thread name = MainThread #
    thread name = MainThread
    thread name = MainThread
    thread name = MainThread
    thread name = MainThread
    ===end===
    

    上面例子中,使用的是用run()方法启动线程,它打印的线程名是MainThread,也就是主线程。

    再看下多线程时的例子:

    start():

    import threading
    import time
     
    def worker():
        count = 1
        while True:
            if count >= 6:
                break
            time.sleep(1)
            count += 1
            print("thread name = {}, thread id = {}".format(threading.current_thread().name,threading.current_thread().ident))
     
    t1 = threading.Thread(target=worker,name="t1")
    t2 = threading.Thread(target=worker,name='t2')
     
    t1.start()
    t2.start()
     
    print("===end===")
    

    运行结果:

    ===end===
    thread name = t1, thread id = 6032
    thread name = t2, thread id = 880
    thread name = t1, thread id = 6032
    thread name = t2, thread id = 880
    thread name = t2, thread id = 880
    thread name = t1, thread id = 6032
    thread name = t1, thread id = 6032
    thread name = t2, thread id = 880
    thread name = t2, thread id = 880
    thread name = t1, thread id = 6032
    

    上面例子中,start()方法启动了两个新的子线程并交替运行,每个子进程ID也不同。

    run():

    import threading
    import time
     
    def worker():
        count = 1
        while True:
            if count >= 6:
                break
            time.sleep(1)
            count += 1
            print("thread name = {}, thread id = {}".format(threading.current_thread().name,threading.current_thread().ident))
     
    t1 = threading.Thread(target=worker,name="t1")
    t2 = threading.Thread(target=worker,name='t2')
     
    t1.run()
    t2.run()
     
    print("===end===")
    

    运行结果:

    thread name = MainThread, thread id = 2000
    thread name = MainThread, thread id = 2000
    thread name = MainThread, thread id = 2000
    thread name = MainThread, thread id = 2000
    thread name = MainThread, thread id = 2000
    thread name = MainThread, thread id = 2000
    thread name = MainThread, thread id = 2000
    thread name = MainThread, thread id = 2000
    thread name = MainThread, thread id = 2000
    thread name = MainThread, thread id = 2000
    ===end===
    

    上面例子中,两个子线程都用run()方法启动,但却是先运行t1.run(),运行完之后才按顺序运行t2.run(),两个线程都工作在主线程,没有启动新线程,因此,run()方法仅仅是普通函数调用。

    一个进程中至少有一个线程,并作为程序的入口,这个线程就是主线程。
    一个进程至少有一个主线程,其它线程称为工作线程。

    总结:
    好了,从上面四个小例子,我们可以总结出:

    start() 方法是启动一个子线程,线程名就是我们定义的name
    run() 方法并不启动一个新线程,就是在主线程中调用了一个普通函数而已。

    因此,如果你想启动多线程,就必须使用start()方法。

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